§ II. In case the river Ngoko, starting from its intersection with the meridian 15° Greenwich (12° 40′ Paris) should not cut the second parallel, then the boundary line would follow the Ngoko for a distance. of 35 kilometers to the east of its intersection with the meridian 15° Greenwich (12° 40′ Paris); starting from the point thus determined to the east, it would again join in straight line the intersection of the second parallel with the Sangha.

§ III. If in future it were to be shown by new observations duly verified, that the locations of Bania, Gaza, or Koundé are erroneous, and that in consequence the boundary line as defined by the present protocol is modified in relation to one of these three points, by a distance of more than ten minutes of a degree (10') to the west of the meridian 15° Greenwich (12° 40′ Paris), the two Governments would come to an understanding in order to proceed to a rectification of the line, so as to establish an equivalent compensation to Germany within the region under consideration.

A similar rectification would take place, for the purpose of establishing a compensation to the advantage of France, if it were shown that the intersection of the tenth parallel with the Chari modifies the boundary lines by a distance of more than ten minutes (10') to the east of the point indicated on the map (Longitude 17° 10′ Greenwich- 14° 50' Paris).

§ IV. Regarding the point of the intersection with the Mayo-Kebbi, it remains understood, that whatever the definitive location may be with regard to this point, the boundary line. shall leave within the French sphere of influence the villages of Bifara and Lamé.

§ V. In case the Chari, from Goulfeï to the point where it empties into the Tschad, should divide into several branches, the boundary line would then follow the principal navigable branch to its entrance into the Tschad, with the reservation, that to make this line definitive, the difference of longitude between the point thus reached by the boundary line on the south shore of the Tschad, and of Kouka, capital of Bornou, accepted as a definitive point, shall be one degree. In case subsequent observations, duly verified, should establish that the difference in longitude between Kouka and said entrance into the Tschad amounts to five minutes (5') of a degree more or less, from the one that has just been indicated, it would become necessary, by friendly agreement, to modify the location of this part of the boundary line, so that the two countries, from the point of view of access to the Tschad and to the territories that

Vor M

are reserved to them within this region, may retain advantages equivalent to those assured to them by the location of the line traced on the map annexed to the present protocol.

§ VI. In all cases where the course of a river or of a stream is indicated as forming the line of demarcation, it is the valley of the river or of the stream which shall form the boundary line.

§ VII. The two governments admit that it will be necessary in the future to substitute gradually for the ideal lines which have served to define the boundary as defined by the present protocol, another line determined by the natural configuration of the ground and staked out at points exactly located, being careful, in the agreements that may be entered into for such purpose, not to favor one of the two parties without granting an equitable compensation to the other.

Approved for annexation to the protocol of February 4, 1894.
The German Plenipotentiaries:

KAYSER.

VON DANCKELMAN.

The French Plenipotentiaries:

HAUSSMANN.

MONTEIL.

The present agreement shall be ratified and the originals exchanged at Berlin within a period of not more than six months.

BARON V. MARSCHALL.
JULES HERBETTE.

CONVENTION BETWEEN GERMANY AND FRANCE TO DEFINE PRECISELY THE BOUNDARY LINES BETWEEN THE KAMERUN AND THE FRENCH CONGO.

Signed at Berlin, April 18, 1908; ratifications exchanged July 28, 1908.

[Translation.]

The Government of His Majesty the Emperor of Germany and the Government of the French Republic having resolved, in a spirit of mutual good will, to give effect and force to the agreement prepared by their respective delegates for the delimitation of the colonies of the Kamerun and of the French Congo, the undersigned:

1 Nouveau Recueil Général de Traites, 3d Series, Vol. 97, p. 612.

His Excellency M. de Schoen, Secretary of Foreign Affairs of the German Empire; and

His Excellency M. Jules Cambon, Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the French Republic near His Majesty the Emperor of Germany, duly authorized for that purpose,

confirm the protocol (with its annexes) concluded at Berlin, April 9 ultimo, whose contents here follows:

The undersigned

Dr. Frederic v. Lindequist, Under-Secretary in the Ministry for Colonies,

Dr. Otto Gleim, Superior Privy Councillor of the Government in the Ministry for Colonies,

Dr. Alexandre Baron de Danckelman, Professor and Privy Councillor of the Government in the Ministry for Colonies,

Albert Duchêne, Chief of the sub-division for Africa at the Ministry for Colonies,

Henry Moll, Brevet-Chief of Colonial Infantry Battalion,

Louis Hermite, Secretary of Embassy,

appointed by the Government of the German Empire and by the Government of the French Republic for the purpose of preparing an agreement to define precisely the boundary line between the Kamerun and the French Congo and to settle certain questions relating thereto, in execution of the dispositions of the Convention of March 15, 1894, and in particular of paragraphs III and VII of the annex to the protocol of the preceding February 4, have agreed upon the following dispositions: (A) The boundary line between the Kamerun and the French Congo, starting from Spanish Guinea (El Muny [meridian 9° East Paris, 11° 20′ East Greenwich]) follows:

The river Kyé (Kje), from the confluence of the Mvézeu (Mwése) to its confluence with the Ntem (Kampo),

The Ntem, from the confluence of the Kyé to the confluence of the Kom, The Kom, from its confluence with the Ntem to the confluence of its left bank tributary nearest to the basin of the Aïna (Ayem, Ivindo), intersecting the parallel 2° 15' north or situated in its vicinity, The course of this tributary from its confluence with the Kom to its

intersection with the parallel 2° 15′ north,

The parallel 2° 15' north from its intersection with the tributary of the aforementioned Kom up to its intersection with the left bank tributary of the Aïna nearest to the basin of the Kom, intersecting the parallel 2° 15' north or situated in its vicinity,

The course of this tributary from the parallel 2° 15′ north up to its confluence with the Aïna,

The course of the Aïna even to its eastern intersection with the parallel 2° 10′ 20′′ north, near the boundary stake number 13, The parallel 2° 10′ 20′′ north from the Aïna to the stake number 4, situated on the road from Ndongo (Dongo) to Eta (Long) by the valley of the Djua (Jua),

The water-shed line between the Djua and the Masimbo (Masimlo) from the stake number 4 to the confluence of these two watercourses (stake number 2).

It is understood that if between these two points (stake number 4 and stake number 2) the water-shed line crosses the German road from Ndongo to Eta by the valley of the Masimbo, the boundary line shall follow at an equal distance both the German and the French roads as traced on the map annexed to the present protocol.

The boundary line then follows the course of the Djua from the confluence of the Masimbo to the Ngoko (Dscha) and the course of the Ngoko up to the Sangha (Ssanga).

The islands of the Kyé, the Ntem and the Kom are allotted to Germany; the islands of the Aïna and of the Ngoko are allotted to France.

(B) The boundary line ascends the Sangha from the mouth of the Ngoko to the mouth of the Nyoué (Njue). However, all the islands of the Sangha situated to the south of a point fixed at 5 kilometers to the north of the position given for the village of Balbal on the map of the protocol are French; all islands situated to the north of said point even to the mouth of the Nyoué are German.

(C) The boundary line then follows the Nyoué to a point situated about 5 kilometers to the south of the location given to Ngombaco on the map of the protocol, then a straight line starting from said point and ending at a point situated 15 kilometers to the south of Mauvey (Mauwei).

(D) The boundary line proceeds northward as follows; and it is understood that the successive points of the boundary line referred to in the present agreement shall be inter-connected by straight lines every time when no contrary indications are specified.

From the point specified under paragraph C, situated 15 kilometers to the south of Mauvey, the line goes to the ford nearest to the north of the stream Boné (M'Boné), on the road of Yokodouma (Jukaduma)Molaï (Molei) to about 7 kilometers southwest of Molaï.

From this point the line goes to the ford of the river Batouri (Baturi) on the Baboua (Babua)-Yanga (Benda)-Boulambo (Bulambu) road; then it descends the Batouri even to the Kadeï.

It ascends the Kadeï even to the confluence of the Boumbé II (Bumbe 2), then the Boumbé II to the ford of the Vanda (Wanda)-Déson (Janga) road.

From this ford it goes to the ford of the stream (Mana), on the Nguia (Ngia)-Bagari road, 16 kilometers northeast of Nguia; then to the ford of the Guirma (Gliba) on the Bingué (Binge)-Aladji road, approximately 10 kilometers south of the Aladji; then it descends the Guirma even to its confluence with the Kadeï and re-ascends the Kadeï even to its source.

(E) From there it goes to the source of the Béré, descends this river to its confluence with the Lom, reascends the Lom even to the confluence with the Bali, follows this river upward to the ford of the Koundé (Kunde)-Mboné 1 (Bone) road about 18 kilometers to the northeast of Koundé.

It goes then to a point situated 3 kilometers to the north of the source of the Mambéré as indicated on the map of the protocol, then to the ford of the Bondo on the Zaoro Coumbo (Kumbo)-Bertoua (Bertua)- Zaoro Nô (Nu) road to the ford of the Bondo on the Z. Coumbo-Karanga road, to the intersection of the water-shed line between the Lom and Congo with the Gam (Belo Ngam)-Karanga road, to about 6 kilometers southeast of Gam, from there to the mountain which is about 9 kilometers to the north of the point where the river Mini cuts the KarangaNabemo road, to the ford of the Midé on the road from Bougouda to Yakoundé (Jakunde), to the ford of the Ngou (Ngu) on the road from, Zaoro Mboné 1. II (Bone) to Baname and descends then the Ngou even to its confluence with the Mbéré. It descends the course of this river until it meets the Mbina or western Logone (Wina).

(F) It goes to a point located 5 kilometers to the west of Di, then to a point located 5 kilometers to the west of Mbé, then to the ford of the stream Ndiki on the road from Dol to Mandi (Manti) about 14 kilometers to the northwest of Dol.

From there it reaches the road from Bongo (Mbongo) to Manda Bossoro, equidistant from these two villages. It goes then to the ford of the river Guiemguié (Giemgié on the Bongo-Mbaqueu road, to the ford of the same river on the Diamdié (Samdsche)-Mbaqueu road, to the ford of the Sinabou (Sinambou) on the Diamdié-Tiémieng (Tschimiang)