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studies in relation to cotton ginning as he shall deem necessary and to publish the results thereof, with a view to developing improved ginning equipment and encouraging the use of improved methods, and he may cooperate with any department or agency of the Government, any State, Territory, District, or possession, or department, agency, or political subdivision thereof, or any person, as he shall find to be necessary. (Apr. 19, 1930, с. 203, § 1, 46 Stat. 248.)

425. Same; appropriations. For the purposes of section 424 of this title there is hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of any money in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, not more than the sum of $100,000 for the fiscal year ending June 30, 1931, and thereafter such sums as may be necessary. (Apr. 19, 1930, с. 203, § 2, 46 Stat. 248.)

Chapter 18.—COOPERATIVE MARKETING AСТ. Section 451. Division of cooperative marketing in Bureau of Agricultural Economics; definitions. When used in this chapter the term "agricultural products" means agricultural, horticultural, viticultural, and dairy products, livestock and the products thereof, the products of poultry and bee raising, the edible products of forestry, and any and all products raised or produced on farms and processed or manufactured products thereof, transported or intended to be transported in interstate and/or foreign commerce. (July 2, 1926, c. 725, § 1, 44 Stat. 802.)

The Act cited to the text entitled "An Act to create a division of cooperative marketing in the Department of Agriculture; to provide for the acquisition and dissemination of information pertaining to cooperation; to promote the knowledge of cooperative principles and practices; to provide for calling advisers to counsel with the Secretary of Agriculture on cooperative activities; to authorize cooperative associations to acquire, interpret, and disseminate crop and market information, and for other purposes."

452. Establishment of division. The Secretary of Agriculture is hereby authorized and directed to establish a division of cooperative marketing with suitable personnel in the Bureau of Agricultural Economics of the Department of Agriculture or in such bureau in the Department of Agriculture as may hereafter be concerned with the marketing and distribution of farm products. Such division shall be under the direction and supervision of the Secretary of Agriculture. (July 2, 1926, с. 725, § 2, 44 Stat. 802.)

For title of Act see note to § 451.

453. Authority and duties of division.- (a) The division shall render service to associations of producers of agricultural products, and federations and subsidiaries thereof, engaged in the cooperative marketing of agricultural products, including processing, warehousing, manufacturing, storage, the cooperative purchasing of farm supplies, credit, financing, insurance, and other cooperative activities.

(b) The division is authorized

(1) To acquire, analyze, and disseminate economic, statistical, and historical information regarding the progress, organization, and business methods of cooperative associations in the United States and foreign countries.

(2) To conduct studies of the economic, legal, financial, social,

operative associations in developing methods of business and market analysis.

(4) To confer and advise with committees or groups of producers, if deemed advisable, that may be desirous of forming a cooperative association and to make an economic survey and analysis of the facts surrounding the production and marketing of the agricultural product or products which the association, if formed, would handle or market.

(5) To acquire from all available sources information concerning crop prospects, supply, demand, current receipts, exports, imports, and prices of the agricultural products handled or marketed by cooperative associations, and to employ qualified commodity marketing specialists to summarize and analyze this information and disseminate the same among cooperative associations and others.

(6) To promote the knowledge of cooperative principles and practices and to cooperate, in promoting such knowledge, with educational and marketing agencies, cooperative associations, and others.

(7) To make such special studies, in the United States and foreign countries, and to acquire and disseminate such information and findings as may be useful in the development and practice of cooperation. (July 2, 1926, с. 725, § 3, 44 Stat. 802.)

For title of Act see note to § 451.

454. Advisers to counsel with Secretary of Agriculture; expenses and subsistence. The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized, in his discretion, to call advisers to counsel with him and/or his representatives relative to specific problems of cooperative marketing of farm products or any other cooperative activity. Any person, other than an officer, agent, or employee of the United States, called into conference, as provided for in this section, may be paid actual transportation expenses and not to exceed $10 per diem to cover subsistence and other expenses while in conference and en route from and to his home. (July 2, 1926, с. 725, § 4, 44 Stat. 803.)

For title of Act see note to § 451.

455. Dissemination of crop, market, etc., information by cooperative marketing associations.-Persons engaged, as original producers of agricultural products, such as farmers, planters, ranchmen, dairymen, nut or fruit growers, acting together in associations, corporate or otherwise, in collectively processing, preparing for market, handling, and marketing in interstate and/or foreign commerce such products of persons so engaged, may acquire, exchange, interpret, and disseminate past, present, and prospective crop, market, statistical, economic, and other similar information by direct exchange between such persons, and/or such associations or federations thereof, and/or by and through a common agent created or selected by them. (July 2, 1926, с. 725, § 5, 44 Stat. 803.)

For title of Act see note to § 451.

456. Rules and regulations; appointment, removal, and compensation of employees; expenditures; appropriations.—The Secretary of Agriculture may make such rules and regulations as may be deemed advisable to carry out the provisions of this chapter and may cooperate with any department or agency of

and other phases of cooperation, and publish the results thereof. ❘ the Government, any State, Territory, District, or possession, or in the District of Columbia and elsewhere, and there is hereby | pletely and correctly, to the best of his knowledge, all of the authorized to be appropriated, out of any moneys in the Treas- information concerning the grades and staple length of cotton ury not otherwise appropriated, the sum of $225,000 to be available for expenditure during the fiscal years 1926 and 1927, and the appropriation of such additional sums as may be necessary thereafter for carrying out the purposes of this chapter is hereby authorized. (July 2, 1926, с. 725, § 6, 44 Stat. 803.)

Such studies shall include the analyses of the organization, operation, financial, and merchandising problems of cooperative associations.

(3) To make surveys and analyses if deemed advisable of the accounts and business practices of representative cooperative associations upon their request; to report to the association so surveyed the results thereof; and with the consent of the association so surveyed to publish summaries of the results of such surveys, together with similar facts, for the guidance of cooperative associations and for the purpose of assisting co

department, agency, or political subdivision thereof, or any person; and may call upon any other Federal department, board, or commission for assistance in carrying out the purposes of this chapter; and shall have the power to appoint, remove, and fix the compensation of such officers and employees not in conflict with existing law and make such expenditure for rent, outside the District of Columbia, printing, telegrams, telephones, books of reference, books of law, periodicals, newspapers, furniture, stationery, office equipment, travel, and other supplies and expenses as shall be necessary to the administration of this chapter

For title of Act see note to § 451.

457. Partial invalidity of chapter. If any provision of this chapter is declared unconstitutional or the applicability thereof to any person or circumstance is held invalid, the validity of the

on hand, and when requested to permit such agent or employee of the Department of Agriculture to examine and classify samples of all such cotton on hand. The request of the Secretary of Agriculture for such information may be made in writing or by a visiting representative, and if made in writing shall be forwarded by registered mail, and the registry receipt of the Post Office Department shall be accepted as evidence of such demand. Any owner, president, treasurer, secretary, director, or other officer or agent of any cotton warehouse, cotton ginnery, cotton mill, or other place or establishment where cotton

remainder of the chapter and the applicability of such provision is stored, or any owner or holder of any cotton or the agent

to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected thereby, and nothing contained in this chapter is intended, nor shall be construed, to modify or repeal any of the provisions of sections 291 and 292 of this title. (July 2, 1926, с. 725, § 7, 44 Stat. 803.)

For title of Act see note to § 451.

Chapter 19. COTTON STATISTICS AND ESTIMATES. Section 471. Statistics and estimates of grades and staple length of cotton; collection and publication. The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized and directed to collect and publish annually, on dates to be announced by him, statistics or estimates concerning the grades and staple length of stocks of cotton, known as the carry-over, on hand on the 1st of August of each year in warehouses and other establishments of every character in the continental United States; and following such publication each year, to publish, at intervals in his discretion, his estimate of the grades and staple length of cotton of the then current crop: Provided, That not less than three such estimates shall be published with respect to each crop. In any such statistics or estimates published, the cotton which on the date for which such statistics are published may be recognized as tenderable on contracts of sale of cotton for future delivery under chapter 13 of Title 26, shall be stated separately from that which may be untenderable under said chapter. (Mar. 3, 1927, с. 337, § 1, 44 Stat. 1372.)

The Act cited to the text was entitled: "An Act authorizing the Secretary of Agriculture to collect and publish statistics of the grade and staple length of cotton."

472. Information furnished of confidential character; penalty for divulging information. The information furnished by any individual establishment under the provisions of this chapter shall be considered as strictly confidential and shall be used only for the statistical purpose for which it is supplied. Any employee of the Department of Agriculture who, without the written authority of the Secretary of Agriculture, shall publish or communicate any information given into his possession by reason of his employment under the provisions of this chapter shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall, upon conviction thereof, be fined not less than $300 or more than $1,000, or imprisoned for a period of not exceeding one year, or both so fined and imprisoned, at the discretion of the court. (Mar. 3, 1927, с. 337, § 2, 44 Stat. 1373.)

For title of Act see note to § 471.

or representative of any such owner or holder, who, under the conditions hereinbefore stated, shall refuse or willfully neglect to furnish any information herein provided for or shall willfully

give answers that are false or shall refuse to allow agents or employees of the Department of Agriculture to examine or

classify any cotton in store in any such establishment, or in the

hands of any owner or holder or of the agent or representative of any such owner or holder, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and, upon conviction thereof, shall be fined not less than $300 or more than $1,000. (Mar. 3, 1927, с. 337, § 3, 44 Stat. 1373.)

For title of Act see note to § 471.

474. Powers of Secretary of Agriculture; appropriation.The Secretary of Agriculture may cooperate with any department or agency of the Government, any State, Territory, District, or possession, or department, agency, or political subdivision thereof, or any person; and shall have the power to appoint, remove, and fix the compensation of such officers and employees, not in conflict with existing law, and make such expenditures for the purchase of samples of cotton, for rent outside the District of Columbia, printing, telegrams, telephones, books of reference, periodicals, furniture, stationery, office equipment, travel, and other supplies and expenses as shall be necessary to the administration of this chapter in the District of Columbia and elsewhere, and there are hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, such sums as may be necessary for such purposes. (Mar. 3, 1927, с. 337, § 4, 44 Stat. 1373.)

For title of Act see note to § 471.

475. Cotton crop reports. Of the reports issued by the Secretary of Agriculture, pursuant to section 413 of this title, only five shall be issued hereafter, one as of August 1, one as of September 1, one as of October 1, one as of November 1, and one as of December 1, each of which shall state the condition and progress of the crop and the probable number of bales which will be ginned, these reports to be issued simultaneously with the cotton ginning reports of the Bureau of the Census relating to the same dates, the two reports to be issued from the same place at eleven antemeridian of the eighth day following that to which the respective reports relate. When such date of release falls on Sunday or a legal holiday the report shall be issued at eleven o'clock antemeridian of the next succeeding workday. (Mar. 3, 1927, с. 337, § 5, 44 Stat. 1373.)

This section supersedes in part § 413 of this title.
For title of Act see note to § 471.

473. Persons required to furnish information; request; failure to furnish; false information. It shall be the duty of every owner, president, treasurer, secretary, director, or other officer or agent of any cotton warehouse, cotton ginnery, cotton mill, or other place or establishment where cotton is stored, whether | each year showing by States and in toto the number of acres of Chapter 20.- FARM PRODUCE RECEIVED IN INTER- | advisable to carry out the provisions of this chapter and may STATE COMMERCE BY COMMISSION MERCHANTS | cooperate with any department or agency of the Government, AND OTHERS; DESTRUCTION OR DUMPING; INVES- any State, Territory, District, or possession, or department, TIGATION OF QUALITY AND CONDITION OF PROD-agency, or political subdivision thereof, or any person; and may UCE.

conducted as a corporation, firm, limited partnership, or individual, and of any owner or holder of any cotton and of the agents and representatives of any such owner or holder, when requested by the Secretary of Agriculture or by any special agent or other employee of the Department of Agriculture acting under the instructions of said Secretary to furnish com

476. Acreage reports. The Secretary of Agriculture shall cause to be issued a report on or before the 10th day of July of

cotton in cultivation on July 1, to be followed on September 1 and December 1 with an estimate of the acreage of cotton abandoned since July 1. (Mar. 3, 1927, с. 337, § 6, 44 Stat. 1374.)

This section supersedes § 412 of this title.
For title of Act see note to § 471.

Section 491. Destruction or dumping of farm produce received in interstate commerce by commission merchants, etc., prohibited; penalty.-After June 30, 1927, any person, firm, association, or corporation receiving any fruits, vegetables, melons, dairy, or poultry products or any perishable farm products of any kind or character, referred to in this section and section 492 of this title as produce, in interstate commerce, or in the District of Columbia, for or on behalf of another, who without good and sufficient cause therefor, shall destroy, or abandon, discard as refuse or dump any produce directly or indirectly, or through collusion with any person, or who shall knowingly and with intent to defraud make any false report or statement to the person, firm, association, or corporation. from whom any produce was received, concerning the handling, condition, quality, quantity, sale or disposition thereof, or who shall knowingly and with intent to defraud fail truly and correctly to account therefor shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and upon conviction shall be punished by a fine of not less than $100 and not more than $3,000, or by imprisonment for a period of not exceeding one year, or both, at the discretion of the court. (Mar. 3, 1927, с. 309, § 1, 44 Stat. 1355.)

The Act cited to the text was entitled: "An Act to prevent the destruction or dumping, without good and sufficient cause therefor, of farm produce received in interstate commerce by commission merchants and others and to require them truly and correctly to account for all farm produce received by them."

492. Investigation of quality and condition of produce received in interstate commerce; issuance of certificate; certificate as evidence. The Secretary of Agriculture shall by regulation provide for the making of prompt investigations and the

issuing of certificates as to the quality and condition of produce

call upon any Federal department, board, or commission for assistance in carrying out the purposes of this chapter; and shall have the power to appoint, remove, and fix the compensation of such officers and employees not in conflict with existing law and make such expenditure for rent, outside the District of Columbia, printing, telegrams, telephones, books of reference, books of law, periodicals, newspapers, furniture, stationery, office equipment, travel, and other supplies and expenses as shall be deemed necessary to the administration of this chapter in the District of Columbia and elsewhere. (Mar. 3, 1927, c. 309, § 3, 44 Stat. 1355.)

For title of Act see note to § 491.

495. Appropriation. There is hereby authorized to be appropriated, out of any moneys in the Treasury not otherwise appropriated, the sum of $25,000 to be available for expenditure during the fiscal year beginning July 1, 1927, and the appropriation of such additional sums as may be necessary thereafter to carry out the purposes of this chapter is hereby authorized. (Mar. 3, 1927, c. 309, § 3, 44 Stat. 1355.)

For title of Act see note to § 491.

496. Validity of other statutes dealing with same subject.This chapter shall not abrogate nor nullify any other statute, whether State or Federal, dealing with the same subjects as this chapter, but it is intended that all such statutes shall remain in full force and effect, except in so far only as they are inconsistent herewith or repugnant hereto. (Mar. 3, 1927, с. 309, § 3, 44 Stat. 1355.)

For title of Act see note to § 491.

497. Invalidity of any provision of chapter as affecting other provisions. If any provision of this chapter is declared uncon

stitutional or the applicability thereof to any person or circum

stance is held invalid, the validity of the remainder of the chapter and the applicability of such provisions to other persons and circumstances shall not be affected thereby. (Mar. 3, 1927, с. 309, § 4, 44 Stat. 1356.)

For title of Act see note to § 491.

received in interstate commerce or in the District of Columbia,
upon application of any person, firm, association, or corporation
shipping, receiving, or financially interested in, such produce.
Such regulations shall designate the classes of persons qualified
and authorized to make such investigations and issue such cer-
tificates, except that any such investigation shall be made and
any such certificate shall be issued by at least two disinterested | Chapter 21.-TOBACCO STATISTICS.
persons in any case where such investigation is not made by
an officer or employee of the Department of Agriculture or of
any State or political subdivision thereof or of the District of
Columbia. A certificate made in compliance with such regu-
lations shall be prima facie evidence in all Federal courts of the
truth of the statements therein contained as to the quality and
condition of the produce; but if any such certificate is put in
evidence by any party, in any civil or criminal proceeding, the
opposite party shall be permitted to cross-examine any person
signing such certificate, called as a witness at the instance of
either party, as to his qualifications and authority and as to
the truth of the statements contained in such certificate. (Mar.
3, 1927, с. 309, § 1, 44 Stat. 1355.)

Section 501. Collection and publication; facts required. The Secretary of Agriculture is authorized and directed to collect and publish statistics of the quantity of leaf tobacco in all forms in the United States, in the possession of dealers, manufacturers, growers' cooperative associations, warehousemen, brokers, holders, or owners, other than the original growers of tobacco. The statistics shall show the quantity of tobacco in such detail as to types and groups of grades as the Secretary of Agriculture shall deem to be practical and necessary for the purposes of this section and sections 502 to 508 of this title, and said statistics shall show the stocks of tobacco of the last four crop years, including therein the production of the year of the report, which shall be known as new crops, separately from the stocks of previous years, which shall be known as old crops, and shall be summarized as of January 1, April 1, July 1, and October 1 of each year: Provided, That the Secretary of Agriculture shall not be required to collect statistics of leaf tobacco from any manufacturer of tobacco who in the preceding calendar year, according to the returns of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, manufactured less than fifty thousand pounds of tobacco, or from any manufacturer of cigars who during the preceding calendar year manufactured less than 494. Rules and regulations; cooperation with states, etc., two hundred and fifty thousand cigars, or from any manufacofficers and employees; expenditures. -The Secretary of Agri- turer of cigarettes who, during the preceding calendar year, culture may make such rules and regulations as he may deem | manufactured less than one million cigarettes, or from any

For title of Act see note to § 491.

493. Enforcement of provisions; prosecution of cases. The Secretary of Agriculture is hereby authorized and directed to enforce this chapter. It is hereby made the duty of all United States attorneys to prosecute cases arising under this chapter, subject to the supervision and control of the Department of Justice. (Mar. 3, 1927, с. 309, § 2, 44 Stat. 1355.)

For title of Act see note to § 491.

dealer in leaf tobacco who, on the average, had less than fifty thousand pounds in stock at the ends of the four quarters of the preceding calendar year. (Jan. 14, 1929, с. 69, § 1, 45 Stat. 1079.)

The Act cited to the text was entitled "An Act to provide for the collection and publication of statistics of tobacco by the Department of Agriculture."

by the Secretary of Agriculture whereby the data furnished by any particular establishment can be identified, nor shall the Secretary of Agriculture permit anyone other than the sworn employees of the Department of Agriculture to examine the individual reports. (Jan. 14, 1929, с. 69, § 7, 45 Stat. 1080.)