ENTERED ACCORDING TO ACT OF CONGRESS, IN THE YEAR 1873.

By BEN: PERLEY POORE,

IN THE OFfice of thE LIBRARIAN OF CONGRESS, AT WASHINGTON.

THE CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY was published as a private enterprise from 1820 until 1864, inclusive, and copies were sold to Congress and to the Departments. It was sometimes two months after the commencement of a session before the first edition of the Directory was ready for delivery, and the work did not contain much of the varied information given in similar publications at the capitals of some of the States and at the seats of government in Europe.

At the commencement of the second session of the Thirty-eighth Congress, a joint resolution was passed unanimously ordering the compilation and publication of the Congressional Directory, under the direction of the Joint Committee on Public Printing. The joint committee, urged by Senators and Representatives to give additional value to the work, examined upward of twenty publications of a similar nature, and adopted several features-among them statistical sketches of members of Congress. The form of these statistical sketches, which met the approval of the joint committee, was that which they found in a publication entitled the "House of Commons," which has been published annually at London, in its present shape, since 1852, and it has since been used as a model in the compilation of the Congressional Directory. The statistical sketches give the Senator, Representative, or Delegate's full name; home post-office address; place and time of birth; early education; collegiate education, if any, with date of graduating; professional studies; profession or business; all public offices held, with dates of holding them; their vote on their last election to Congress; the name of their opponent; the politics of each, and the vote of each when the election was by the people.

This information has been supplied by the members of Congress, in response to circulars sent them by direction of the Joint Committee on Public Printing, as it could not be obtained in any other way. No biographical work has ever given the politics of Congressmen, the names of their opponents when elected, or the votes given to each, although they have appeared at the close of each year in the valuable newspaper almanacs.

Any person can obtain a copyright for a work by depositing a copy of the title-page with the Librarian of Congress and paying the stated fee. No attempt can be made to defend, under the copyright act, the plan of this Congressional Directory, as it is based on numerous European publications of a similar nature, some of them dating back many years; neither is the collection of biographies of a class of public men an original idea, as scores of such collections have been published within the present century. But for the statistical sketches, obtained from original sources by the compiler, the protection of the copyright act can be claimed. It will, however, only be invoked when this original matter is republished imperfectly for gain. It was to prevent this that the Joint Committee on Public Printing directed the compiler to secure a copyright.

Official Reporters. Library of Congress. Government Telegraph. Places of Amusement.

90

Members of the Press having seats in the Reporters' Galleries...

91-92

The Capitol. The Architect of the Capitol. The Botanical Garden..

93

The Department of Justice. The Department of Agriculture. The Government Printing-Office.
Department Duties. The Department of State

III

I 12

The Treasury Department...

The War Department..

The Navy Department

The Interior Department....

The Post-Office Department..

The Department of Justice.

The Department of Agriculture...

International Exhibition at Paris. Southern Claims Commission

The Supreme Court. The Court of Claims

Foreign Legations in the United States.

United States Legations abroad..

Joint Commission.

Consulates, Consulates-General, Commercial Agencies, and Consular Clerks..

The District Judiciary. The District Government..

Metropolitan Police. The Capitol Police.....

....113-117

.117-118 .118-119

...119-120

120-121

121-122

122

122

123

.124-125

126-127

127

..128-141

142

143

Representatives and their residences at home and in Washington...

.153-158

Delegates and their residences at home and in Washington. Washington City Post-Office....

158

CONGRESSIONAL DIRECTORY.

MEMBERS OF THE FORTY-FIFTH CONGRESS.

ALABAMA.

SENATORS.

GEORGE E. SPENCER, of Decatur, was born in Jefferson County, New York, November 1, 1836; was educated at Montreal College, Canada; was admitted to the bar in Iowa in 1857; was Secretary of the Iowa Senate of 1856; entered the Army as Captain, Assistant Adjutant-General of Volunteers, in 1862; recruited and raised the First Alabama Cavalry, United States Volunteers, in 1863; commanded a brigade of cavalry on Sherman's grand march; was brevetted Brigadier-General for "gallantry on the field;" resigned position in the Army July 4, 1865; was appointed Register in Bankruptcy for the fourth district of Alabama in May, 1867; was elected to the United States Senate as a Republican, and took his seat July 25, 1868, and was re-elected in 1872. His term of office will expire March 3, 1879.

JOHN. T. MORGAN, of Selma, was born at Athens, McMinn County, Tennessee, June 20, 1824; received an academic education, chiefly in Alabama, to which State he emigrated when nine years old, and has since resided there; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1845, and practised until his election to the Senate; was a Presidential Elector in 1860, for the State at large, and voted for Breckinridge and Lane; was a Delegate in 1861 from Dallas County to the State Convention which passed the ordinance of secession; joined the Confederate Army, in May, 1861, as a private in Company I, Cahawba Rifles, and when that company was assigned to the Fifth Alabama Regiment, under Col. Robert E. Rodes, he was elected Major and afterward Lieutenant-Colonel of that regiment; was commissioned in 1862 as Colonel and raised the Fifty-first Alabama Regiment; was appointed Brigadier-General in 1863, and assigned to a brigade in Virginia, but resigned to rejoin his regiment, whose colonel had been killed in battle; later in 1863 he was again appointed Brigadier-General, and assigned to an Alabama brigade, which included his regiment; after the war, he resumed the practice of his profession at Selma; was chosen a Presidential Elector for the State at large in 1876, and voted for Tilden and Hendricks; was elected to the United States Senate as a Democrat, to succeed George Goldthwaite, Democrat, and took his seat March 5, 1877. His term of service will expire March 3, 1883.

REPRESENTATIVES.

FIRST DISTRICT.

Counties.-Choctaw, Clarke, Marengo, Mobile, Monroe, and Washington.

JAMES TAYLOR JONES, of Demopolis, was born at Richmond, Virginia, in 1832, and has resided since 1834 in Marengo County, Alabama; was educated at Princeton College, New Jersey, and having graduated in the Law School of the University of Virginia, has since practised law; enlisted in April, 1861, in the Confederate service as a private in the Fourth Alabama Regiment, and in 1862 was promoted to be Captain of his company; was a Delegate in 1865 to the Constitutional Convention of Alabama, and was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 10,582 votes against 8,771 votes for F. G. Bromberg, Independent.

SECOND DISTRICT.

Counties.—Baldwin, Butler, Conecuh, Crenshaw, Covington, Escambia, Montgomery, and

Pike

HILARY A. HERBERT, of Montgomery, was born at Laurensville, South Carolina, March 12, 1834; removed to Greenville, Butler County, Alabama, in 1846; attended the University of Alabama in 1853-'54 and the University of Virginia 1855-'56; studied law, and was admitted to the bar; entered the Confederate service as Captain; was promoted to the colonelcy of the Eighth Alabama Volunteers; was disabled at the battle of the Wilderness, May 6, 1864; continued the practice of the law at Greenville, Alabama, until 1872, when he removed to Montgomery, where he has since practised; was elected a Representative from Alabama in the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 11,435 votes against 9,394 votes for Gerald Hall, Republican.

THIRD DISTRICT.

Counties.-Barbour, Bullock, Coffee, Dale, Geneva, Henry, Lee, and Russell.

JEREMIAH N. WILLIAMS, of Clayton, was born in Barbour County, Alabama; received a liberal education, graduating at the University of South Carolina; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and has since practised; entered the Confederate Army in January, 1861, with the rank of Captain, and on the organization of the First Regiment of Alabama Infantry was elected Major; served a year, and was then forced to retire on account of ill-health; was elected to the State Legislature of Alabama in 1872, but not permitted to take his seat; was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat,, receiving 14,089 votes against 3,896 votes for W. H. Betts, Republican.

FOURTH DISTRICT.

Counties.-Dallas, Hale, Lowndes, Perry, and Wilcox.

CHARLES M. SHELLEY was born in Sullivan County, Tennessee, December 28, 1833; removed to Alabama with his father in 1836; received but a limited education; was brought up to the trade of an architect and builder, and has ever since followed that business; he entered the Confederate service in February, 1861, as Lieutenant, and was stationed first at Fort Morgan, and was afterwards attached to the Fifth Alabama Regiment; after further service he was commissioned Brigadier-General, and served under Generals Joseph E. Johnston and Hood; after the war he returned to his occupation, and now resides in Selma, Dallas County, Alabama; he was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 9,685 votes against 8,675 votes for Jere Haralson, Republican, and 7,236 votes for James T. Rapier, Republican.

FIFTH DISTRICT.

Counties.-Autauga, Bibb, Chambers, Chilton, Clay, Coosa, Elmore, Macon, and Talla

poosa.

ROBERT F. LIGON, of Tuskegee, was born in Clarke County, Georgia; received an academic education; removed to Alabama before his majority; studied law, was admitted to the bar, and is now a practising lawyer and planter; was engaged in the war with Mexico as Captain of a volunteer company; was a member of the State House of Representatives in 1849-'50, and of the State Senate in 1860; and re-elected in 1863; served in the Confederate Army as Captain; was Lieutenant-Governor of Alabama in 1874, and was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 13,107 votes against 6,821 votes for D. B. Booth, Republican.

SIXTH DISTRICT.

Counties.-Fayette, Greene, Jefferson, Marion, Pickens, Sanford, Sumter, Tuscaloosa, Walker, and Winston.

GOLDSMITH W. HEWITT, of Birmingham, was born in Jefferson County, Alabama, February 14, 1834; received an academic education; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1856, and has since practised; entered the Confederate Army in 1861, and served until severely wounded at the battle of Chickamauga in 1863; was elected to the State House of Representatives in 1870, and to the State Senate in 1872 and '74, but resigned when he was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress; was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, without opposition, receiving 13,634 votes.

SEVENTH DISTRICT.

Counties.-Blount, Calhoun, Cherokee, Cleburne, De Kalb, Etowah, Marshall, Randolph, Saint Clair, Shelby, and Talladega.

WILLIAM HENRY FORNEY, of Jacksonville, was born at Lincolnton, North Carolina, November 9, 1823; received a classical education, graduating at the University of Alabama in 1844; served in the war with Mexico as a First Lieutenant in the First Regiment of Alabama Volunteers; studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1848, and has practised ever since; was elected by the Legislature of Alabama a Trustee of the University of Alabama, and served 1851-'60; was a member of the State House of Representatives of Alabama 1859-'60; entered the Confederate Army at the commencement of hostilities in 1861 as Captain, and was successively promoted Major, Lieutenant-Colonel, Colonel, and Brigadier-General; surrendered at Appomattox Court-House; was a member of the State Senate of Alabama 1865-'66, serving until the State was reconstructed; was elected to the Forty-fourth Congress, and was re-elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, without opposition, receiving 14,319

votes.

EIGHTH DISTRICT.

Counties.-Colbert, Franklin, Jackson, Lauderdale, Lawrence, Limestone, Madison, and

Morgan.

WILLIAM W. GARTH, of Huntsville, was born in Morgan County, Alabama, October 28, 1827; educated at LaGrange, and at Emory and Henry College, Virginia; studied law at the University of Virginia; and was elected to the Forty-fifth Congress as a Democrat, receiving 14,529 votes against 8,910 votes for McClellan, Independent Democrat.