ciplinary, or any other nature directed against civil prisoners, interned persons, hostages, exiles, emigrants, and prisoners of war, and also the remittal of penalties ordered, by no matter what authority, to be inflicted on such persons.

Remittal of punishment shall not necessarily involve liberation; in such cases the persons concerned must be handed over, together with the files relating to their cases, to the authorities of their country of origin.

Should, however, such persons declare their unwillingness to return to their country, or should the authorities in that country not allow them to do so, they are liable to be again deprived of their liberty.

IX. The two contracting Parties undertake to insert in the Treaty of Peace provisions relating to the amnesty to be granted by Poland to Russian or Ukrainian citizens in Poland, and by Russia and the Ukraine to Polish citizens in Russia and the Ukraine.

X. The two contracting Parties undertake to insert in the Treaty of Peace stipulations relating to a mutual settlement and liquidation of accounts, such stipulations to be based on the following principles :

(1.) Poland shall not incur any obligations or charges of any kind arising from the the fact that a part of the Polish territory previously belonged to the former Russian Empire.

(2.) The two contracting Parties reciprocally renounce all claims to State property situated on the territory of the other party.

(3.) In the reckoning and payment of accounts, the active participation of the Polish Republic in the economic life of the former Russian Empire shall be taken into consideration.

(4.) The two contracting Parties undertake reciprocally, at the request of the owners, to restore and deliver up in kind, or, as the case may be, to make equivalent compensation for. such movable property belonging to the State as bears witness to the economic life and to the civilisation of the country, the movable property belonging to autonomous organisations, institutions and individuals or juridical persons carried off or evacuated, with their consent or by force, since the 1st August, 1914, with the exception of war booty.

(5.) An undertaking will be given to restore to Poland the archives, libraries, works of art, historical war trophies, souvenirs and other similar objects testifying to the existence of national culture, which were carried off from Poland to Russia since the partition of the Polish Republic.

(6.) The two contracting Parties will provide for the settlement of legally established claims of individuals or juridical persons of the two parties, such claims being in respect of events occurring up to the time of the signing of the

present Treaty and directed against the Governments or institutions of the other party.

(7.) The undertaking to be given by Russia and the Ukraine to grant to Poland and to Polish citizens an especially favourable treatment as regards the restoration of their pro perty and an indemnity for losses suffered during the period of the revolution and of the civil war in Russia and the Ukraine, will be clearly set forth. The two contracting Parties agree that the above provisions shall not be regarded as comprising all the details of accounts that require settle

ment.

XI. The two contracting Parties undertake, immediately after the signing of the Treaty of Peace, to enter into negotiations with regard to conventions in matters of commerce, navigation, health, communications, posts and telegraphs, and also as regards the exchange of goods by way of compensation.

XII. The two contracting Parties undertake to insert in the Treaty of Peace provisions dealing with the transit rights of Poland across the territories of Russia and the Ukraine. and of Russia and the Ukraine across Poland.

XIII. The two contracting Parties shall at the same time conclude a special armistice, which shall form part of the present Treaty, and which shall be of equal validity (Annex No. 2 of the Armistice Conditions ").

66

XIV. Russia and the Ukraine declare that all their obligations towards Poland, and also the rights accorded them by the present Treaty, shall apply to all the territory east of the frontier fixed in Article I of this Treaty; this territory formed part of the former Russian Empire and was represented by Russia and the Ukraine at the time of the conclusion of this Treaty.

XV. Immediately after the signing of this Treaty the two contracting Parties undertake to enter upon negotiations, with a view to concluding a Treaty of Peace.

XVI. This Treaty shall be drawn up in Polish, Russian and Ukrainian, and shall be done in duplicate. In interpreting the Treaty all three texts shall be considered as authentic.

XVII. The Treaty shall be ratified, and shall come into force as soon as the exchange of the instruments of ratification has been completed, in so far as the present Treaty and its annexes shall contain no provisions to the contrary.

The exchange of instruments of ratification and the drawing up of the respective protocols shall take place at Libau. The two contracting Parties undertake to ratify this Treaty not later than fifteen days after it has been signed. The exchange of instruments of ratification and the drawing up of the Protocol shall take place six days at latest after the

expiration of the period fixed for ratification. The contracting Parties shall make this reservation that the armistice conditions (Article XIII) shall cease to be binding if, within the period laid down for the exchange of instruments of ratification and for the drawing up of the Protocol, these formalities are for any reason whatever not carried out; in this case the resumption of hostilities cannot take place until forty-eight hours after the expiration of this period. Wherever the time of ratification of the Treaty is mentioned in this Treaty as a time-limit the time of the exchange of the instruments of ratification shall be understood thereby.

In witness whereof, the Plenipotentiaries of the two Parties have personally signed the present Treaty and affixed their seals thereto.

Done and signed at Riga, the 12th October, 1920.

JAN DABSKI.

NORBERT BARLICKI.

DR. STANISLAS GRABSKI.

GÉNÉRAL MIECZYSLAW KULINSKI.
ADAM MIECZKOWSKI.

LEON WASILEWSKI.
LOUIS WASKIEWICZ.
MICHAL WICHLINSKI.

ADOLPHE JOFFE.

SERGE KIROW.

DMITRI MANUILSKI.

LEONIDE OBOLENSKI.

ANNEX No. 1.

[Map. Not reproduced.]

ANNEX No. 2.

Conditions of the Armistice.

In accordance with Articles XIII of the Peace Preliminaries, an Armistice has been concluded on the following terms :

ART. I. One hundred and forty-four hours after the signature of Peace Preliminaries, that is, at midnight on the 18th October, Central European time, the two contracting Powers shall suspend all military operations on land, on sea, and in the air.

II. The troops of the two contracting Parties shall remain in the positions occupied by them at the time of the suspension of hostilities as laid down in Article I, provided, however, that the Russo-Ukrainian troops shall be at a minimum distance of at least 50 kilom. from the Polish front line at the time of the suspension of hostilities.

III. The strip of territory thus reserved, 15 kilom. broad, between the two front lines, shall be regarded, from a military standpoint, as

a neutral zone, which shall be administered by the party entitled to it in virtue of the conditions of the Peace Preliminaries.

IV. In the sector extending from Nieswiez to the River Dzwina. the Polish troops shall occupy the frontier line laid down in Article I of the Peace Preliminaries: the Russo-Ukrainian troops shall remain at a distance of 15 kilom. to the east of that line.

V. All movements of troops provided for in Articles II and IV must be carried out at a minimum speed of 20 kilom. in twenty-four hours, and must be commenced not later than twenty-four hours after the cessation of hostilities, that is to say, not later than midnight on the 19th October, Central European time.

VI. As soon as the ratification of the Peace Preliminaries has taken place, the troops of the two contracting Powers shall withdraw into their respective territories, such withdrawal being carried out at a minimum speed of 20 kilom. in twenty-four hours, and shall be stationed at a minimum distance of 15 kilom. from each side of the frontier between the two States.

The strip of territory thus reserved, 30 kilom. broad, shall be regarded, from a military standpoint, as a neutral zone, under the administration of the parties to which the territory will eventually belong.

VII. In accordance with Articles III and VI, no armed detachments shall be maintained in the neutral zone, with the exception of such Polish troops as are essential for the occupation of the territory laid down in Article IV. The opposing party shall be informed of the strength and positions of these detachments by the Commander of the Polish troops.

VIII. The Commands of the two parties (from Divisional Commanders upwards) shall issue detailed orders, after mutual agreement, if necessary, for the execution of this Convention. For this purpose, the Commanders shall, as soon as the Armistice and the Peace Preliminaries have been signed, send liaison officers, with the necessary staff, to the Divisional and Army Commands of the opposing party. Diplomatic immunity is guaranteed to these officers, to their staff, and to their baggage, by the two Contracting Parties; their personal safety, freedom of movement, and freedom of communication with the authorities to which they belong, is also guaranteed.

To supervise the execution of this agreement, to settle any differences which may arise, and to direct matters generally, a Joint Military Armistice Commission shall be appointed, and its composition, place of residence, powers, and means of execution, determined by the High Commands of both parties after mutual agreement.

IX. During the evacuation of the occupied territory, provided for in Articles IV and VI, troops shall leave entirely intact all local property, such as State-owned structures, public and private buildings, railways, and all rolling-stock in the district, bridges, station property. telegraph and telephone installations, and other means of communication which are not the military property of the respective armies; depôts, standing wheat and wheat in granaries, cattle, industrial and agricultural material, all raw materials, &c., belonging to the State, to independent institutions, to private individuals, and to juridical persons.

No hostages shall be taken during the withdrawal of the troops, neither shall any evacuation of the civil population take place. Moreover, no measures of reprisal shall be taken against that population, nor shall any expropriation, requisitioning, or forced sale of land be permitted.

X. All communication by land, water or air shall be suspended between the two belligerents for the duration of the Armistice. Permission in special cases shall be granted by the Joint Military Armistice Commission formed in accordance with Article VIII.

XI. Detachments and individual soldiers who violate the provisions of this Treaty shall be treated as prisoners of war.

XII. The Armistice shall extend over a period of twenty-one days; each party, however, shall have the right to denounce it by giving forty-eight hours' notice.

If at the expiration of the period of the Armistice neither party has given notice of denunciation, it shall automatically be extended until the ratification of the final Treaty of Peace; each party, however, shall have the right to denounce it by giving fourteen days' notice.

Notwithstanding the preceding provisions, and in accordance with Article XVII of the Peace Preliminaries, the Armistice shall cease to be binding, should the exchange of ratifications and the preparation of the necessary protocol not have taken place, for any reason, within the time arranged.

Nevertheless, hostilities shall not be renewed until at least fortyeight hours after the expiration of the time-limit fixed for the exchange of ratifications.

XIII. This agreement forms an integral part of the Peace Preliminaries and shall be equally binding.

In testimony whereof the Plenipotentiaries of the two contracting Parties have attached their signatures hereto.

Done and signed at Riga, this 12th day of October, 1920.

JAN DABSKI.

NORBERT BARLICKI.
STANISLAW GRABSKI.
WITOLD KAMIENIECKI.
WLADYSLAW KIERNIK.
MIECYSLAW KULINSKI.
LEON WASILEWSKI.
LUDWIK WASKIEWICZ.
MICHAL WICHLINSKI.
A. JOFFE.

S. KIROW.

D. MANUILSKI.

L. OBOLENSKI.

PORTUGUESE NOTIFICATION relative to the Denunciation by Norway on December 13, 1919, of the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation between Norway and Portugal, signed at Lisbon, December 31, 1895, and the Additional Convention, signed at Lisbon, April 11, 1903.—Lisbon, January 3, 1920.*

(Translation.)

IN accordance with superior orders, it is hereby made public that by a Note of the 13th December, 1919, the Norwegian Government has denounced the Treaty of Commerce and Navigation, between Portugal and Norway

* "Diário do Governo," January 7, 1920.