Longus, 1559, 8vo, of which there have subsequently been several very splendid editions; 4. Of" Plutarch's Lives and Morals," of which Vascosan's edition of 1574, in 13 vols. 8vo, was held to be the best, until the appearance of one in 1783-7, with the notes of Brotier and Vauvilliers, and another in 1801-6, edited by Clavier; 5." Lettre à M. Morvillier," containing an account of the author's journey to Trent, printed in Vargas and Dupuy's histories of the council of Trent; 6. "Euvres Mélées,' Lyons, 1611, 8vo; 7. "Projet de l'Eloquence, composé pour Henri III, roi de France," printed for the first time in 1805, 8vo and 4to. -Gen. Dict.

AMYRAUT (MOSES) a learned French theologian, was born at Bourgueil in Touraine in the year 1596. Having gone through a course of philosophy, he was sent to Poictiers to study law, but was subsequently induced to remove to Saumur with a view to divinity, and in due time became the professor of divinity there himself. In 1631 he was sent deputy to the national council at Charenton, and by this assembly was appointed to lay before the King their complaints against the infraction of the edicts; which appointment brought him acquainted with cardinal Richelieu, by whom he was ever after much esteemed. Soon after he published a work upon grace and predestination, which involved him in a controversy with Peter du Moulin and the rigid Calvinists, who accused him of Arianism; but Mosheim calls his work rather Arminian or Semi-pelagian. Amyraut, by his temper and moderation, produced an honourable cessation of the dispute, and died very generally respected, not only for his moderation and abilities, but for his beneficence and charity, which for the last ten years of his life absorbed his whole salary, and flowed equally on Protestant and Catholic. His works are chiefly theological and very voluminous. He died in 1664.-Bayle. Moreri.

Scythians were not only indisposed to receive them, but it is said that Anacharsis was killed by an arrow from the king his brother's own hand, who detected him performing certain rites in a wood, before an image of Cybele. Great respect was however paid to him after his death, which is not unusual. The invention of the potters' wheel has been ascribed to Anacharsis, but it is mentioned in Homer. The apophthegms attributed to him are shrewd, and better worth quoting than many of the ancient saws, which are often indebted for their celebrity much more to their antiquity than to their wisdom. His repartee to an Athenian, who reproached him with the barbarity of his country, is well known: "My country is a disgrace to me, but you are a disgrace to your country." Certain letters published under his name, in Greek and Latin, Paris, 1552, are unequivocally spurious.—— Brucker.

ANACREON. But little is actually known of the life of this celebrated Greek poet. It is however generally admitted that he was born at Teos, a city in Ionia, in the early part of the sixth century before the Christian æra, and that he flourished in the sixtieth Olympiad. Polycrates, the tyrant of Samos, received him at his court, which however he afterwards quitted for Athens, where he remained in great favour with Hipparchus, who then possessed the power which his father Pisistratus had usurped. The death of his patron caused him to return to his native city, whence he retired to Abdera on the breaking out of the disturbances under Histiæus. The time and manner of his death are uncertain and variously reported: the most popular opinion is, that he died of suffocation from a grape-stone, while in the act of drinking. The bacchanalian turn of h's poety is however, and not without some appearance of reason, supposed by some to be the sole foundation of this tradition. In the poetry generally attriANACHARSIS, a Scythian philosopher, buted to him a great difference as to quality is who flourished nearly six centuries B. C. easily discernible, a circumstance which may was the son of a Scythian prince, who had perhaps have contributed not a little to married a native of Greece. Early instructed strengthen the supposition that the whole is by his mother in the Greek language, he be- not genuine. Many of the pieces are singucame desirous of acquiring a portion of Greek larly beautiful and elegant, with a degree of wisdom, and obtained from the king of Scythia liveliness and delicacy of expression seldom an embassy to Athens, where he arrived in the paralleled. To decide from the internal eviyear 592 before Christ, and was introduced to dence contained in his writings, as well as Solon by his countryman Toxaris. On sending from the general tenor of the meagre accounts in word that a Scythian was at the door and re-handed down to us, he was himself an amusing quested his friendship, Solon replied that friends were best made at home; "Then let Solon, who is at home, make me his friend," was the smart retort of Anacharsis; and, struck by its readiness, Solon not only admitted him, but finding him worthy his confidence, favoured him with his advice and friendship. He accordingly resided for some years at Athens, and was the first stranger whom the Athenians admitted to the honours of citizenship. He then travelled into other countries, and finally returned into his own country, with a view to communicate the information he had received, and introduce the laws and religion of Greece. The attempt was however unsuccessful, for the

voluptuary and an elegant profligate. Few Grecian poets however have obtained greater popularity in modern times, for which in England he is indel.ted to some excellent translations in part by Cowley, and altogether by Fawkes, not to mention the point and elegance of the more paraphrastic version of Mr T. Moore. Of the editions in the original Greek the most celebrated is the quarto printed at Rome in 1781 by Spaletti. This was followed by another, three years afterwards, scarcely inferior to it, and printed at Padua on vellum by Bodoni. Mataire, Baxter, and Barnes, have also published excellent editions of the works of this favourite poet.- Biog. Univ.

ANASTATIUS surnamed BIBLIOTHECARIUS a Roman abbot of Greek origin, one of the most learned men of the ninth century. His situation of principal librarian in the Vatican gave him great opportunities for study, of which he eagerly availed himself. The caperadded mind to matter. Both Plato and nons of the council of Constantinople, in 865, were translated into the Latin language by him, but the book is now scarce, if extant. His "Liber Pontificalis" went through several editions. The best is in 4 vols. folio, printed in 1718.-Biog. Univ

He re

with that of the composed body itself-an evident absurdity. That part of his system which explains the active principle of nature is less opposed to reason; he being, according to Diogenes Laertius, the first philosopher who suAristotle testify the same thing; and the latter adds, that he held that of all things the mind alone was pure and uncompounded. Cicero and Plutarch confirm these accounts; so that it may be reasonably concluded, that this philosopher was the first among the Greeks who conceived a primary active principle of pure intelligence existing separately from, but operating upon matter, to the arrangement of all things.- Bayle. Brucker. Moreri.

ANAXARCHUS, a Grecian philosopher, was a native of Abdera, and of the Eleatic sect of Leucippus. He was a friend and companion of Alexander the Great, who appears to have admitted him to great freedom. A story is told of his having been pounded to death in an iron mortar, after the decease of Alexander, by Nicocreon king of Cyprus, and of his having borne the torture with invincible patience; but the same tale is also related of Zeno, and it is probably a mere invention in both instances.Stanley. Brucker.

ANAXIMANDER, the friend and disciple of Thales of Miletus, was born in the fortysecond Olympiad, B.C. 610. He was the first among the Greeks who taught philosophy in a public school. He also composed a compendium of geography, and first delineated a species of map of the earth, in which he marked the divisions of land and water. His doctring of the principles of things is too vaguely related to merit detail; but the best authorities identify it with that of his master Thales.Brucker.

ANAXAGORAS of CLAZOMENE one of the most eminent of the ancient philosophers; was born in the first year of the seventieth Olympiad, B. C. 500. He was of noble extraction, and inherited a handsome patrimony, but such was his thirst for knowledge, that he left his estate in the care of a relation, and repaired in the first instance to Athens. Here he cultivated his studies for some time, until led by the fame of the Milesian school to attend the public instruction of Anaximenes. mained some years at Miletus occupied with intense speculations concerning natural bodies and the origin of things, during which time his estate ran to waste (a loss that he said was his gain), and then returned to Athens, where he taught philosophy in private. Some authors assert, that he numbered not only the tragedian Euripides, and the statesman Pericles, among his pupils, but also Socrates and Themistocles. As usual, the boldness of his speculations alarmed the bigotry of the multitude; and after being persecuted for some opinion in regard to the substance of the sun, which interfered with the vulgar notion of the divinity of Apollo, he was condemned to death. By the seasonable interference of Pericles, however, his sentence was changed from death to banishment; on which he retired to Lampsacus, where he taught philosophy in the school of his deceased master Anaximenes until B.C. 428, when death terminated his labours. He bore all the vicissitudes of life with philoso-whether, as Lactantius supposes, he deemed phical composure, and in reply to a message from the senate of Lampsacus, requesting to be informed in what manner he would wish them to honour his memory, he replied with placid cheerfulness, "Only let the day of my death be annually kept as a holiday by the boys in the schools of Lampsacus;" which request was complied with. Many anecdotes are related of this philosopher which are evidently fabulous; nor is it easy to acquire a due notion of his peculiar doctrines, from the ill-digested fragments collected by Diogenes Laërtius. In natural philosophy, amidst some strange conceptions, he held opinions which show no inconsiderable knowledge of nature; for although he regarded the heavens as a solid vault, and the sun and other luminous bodies as fiery stones, he was so acute as to discover the cause of the rainbow, and that wind is produced by the rarefaction of air. One of his opinions concerning the principles of nature is explicitly alluded to by Lucretius; namely, that the peculiar form of the primary particles of which any body is composed is the same

ANAXIMENES, a philsopher of Miletus, a disciple of the foregoing, but still better known as the master of Anaxagoras. He held that air is God, and that all souls are air; but

the air a subtle æther animated by a divine principle, is doubtful. At all events he fell short of that idea of a governing mind which was subsequently entertained by Anaxagoras.— Ibid.

This

ANAXIMENES of Lampsacus. philosopher was the son of Aristocles, celebrated for his skill in rhetoric, and the disciple both of Zoilus, notorious for his hypercriticisms on Homer, and of Diogenes the cynic. Anaximenes was one of the preceptors of Alexander the Great. He accompanied his illustrious pupil through most of his campaigns, and afterwards wrote the history of his reign, and that of his father Philip. It is recorded that, during the Persian war, his native city having espoused the cause of Darius, Alexander expressed his determination of punishing the inhabitants by laying it in ashes. Anaximenes was deputed by his countrymen as a mediator; but the conqueror, guessing his intention, when he saw him entering the royal tent as a supplicant, cut short his anticipated petition by a declaration, that he was determined

They were published in 1710 and 1750, in 9 vols. 12mo, and the best of them under the title of "Chefs d'Euvres de D'Ancourt," in 3 volumes 12mo.--Nouv. Dict. Hist.

to refuse his request, whatever it might be. Of to his estate in Berry, he applied himself althis hasty expression the philosopher availed most wholly to religion, and composed a transhimself, and immediately implored that Lamp- lation of the Psalms in verse, and a sacred trasacus might be utterly destroyed, and a pardon gedy, which have never been printed. He refused to its citizens. The stratagem was died in 1726. He wrote fifty-two dramatic successful; Alexander was unwilling to break pieces, of which about one half still keep the his promise, and the presence of mind exhi-stage. bited by its advocate saved the town. He was also the author of a history of Greece.—Ibid. ANCILLON (DAVID) an eminent scholar, born at Metz in 1617, received the rudiments of his education at the Jesuits' College, which ANDERSON (ADAM and JAMES) two brohe quitted for Geneva, where he took holy thers descended of Scottish parents. The fororders. On the revocation of the edict of mer was many years a managing clerk in the Nantes, he retired from Meaux, of which he South Sea House, a trustee for the settlements had been some time the pastor, to Frankfort, in Georgia, and in the court of the Scotch corwhere however he not long remained, leaving poration in London. His work on the Historiit in the course of the same year for Hanau. cal and Chronological Deduction of Trade and Here he attained to great celebrity by his the- Commerce has gone through two editions, the ological writings and discourses; but differ- first being in 2 vols. folio; the second in 4 ences arising between himself and others joined vols. quarto. He died at the advanced age of in the ministry with him, he finally accepted a seventy-five, in 1765. His brother was a misituation offered him in the French church at nister of the Kirk of Scotland to a congregation Berlin. He was the author of several pole-in Swallow-street, and left behind him a treamical treatises, the principal of which are-his "Apology for the Lives of Luther, Zuinglius, and Beza;" his "Life of William Farel ;" and his "Account of the dispute concerning Traditions." His death took place in 1692.Buyle. G. Dict.

ANCILLON (CHARLES) eldest son of the subject of the last article, published two volumes of "The Conversations" of his father. During his father's ministry at Berlin he obtained through his influence the situation of historiographer to the king of Prussia, and was afterwards made inspector of the French courts of justice. He was a man of much general reading, and wrote "Critical Remarks on the public Edifices of Berlin," "The Life of Soliman the Magnificent," a tract "On the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes," by which his father had suffered, and "Memoirs of the Lives and Writings of the most celebrated modern Characters in the Republic of Letters." He also published a strange book “ Upon Eunuchs," in one duodecimo volume. He died in 1715.-Biog. Univ.

tise on the Constitutions of Freemasonry, and a folio volume entitled "Royal Genealogies." Gent. Mag.

ANDERSON (ALEXANDER) an eminent scholar of the seventeenth century, born at Aberdeen, and afterwards professor of mathematics at Paris. He was the author of various treatises principally connected with his favourite science. Of these his "Supplementum Apollonii Redivivi," 4to, was published in 1612; "Airtoλoyia, pro Zetetico Apolloniani problematis," and "Francisci Vieta de Equationum recognitione," both in 4to, in 1615. He also published "Vietæ Angulares Sectiones," 4to.-Biog. Dict.

ANDERSON (SIR EDMUND) an eminent lawyer, lord chief justice of the Common Pleas under queen Elizabeth, to which high situation he was promoted in 1682. He afterwards sat on the trials of the unfortunate Mary queen of Scots, and of Davison for issuing the warrant under which she was executed. Anderson's Reports, folio, 1644, is still a book of authority. His "Resolutions and Judgments in the Westminster Courts" were also published in 1653, fifty-two years after his decease. He was a native of Lincolnshire, and received his education at Oxford in the college which takes its name from that county.-Biog. Brit.

ANCOURT (FLORENT CARTON D') a celebrated French actor and dramatic writer, was born at Fontainbleau in 1661. He was educated in the Jesuits' College at Paris, and after he had gone through a course of philosophy, was admitted an advocate at the age of ANDERSON (GEORGE) a Buckinghamseventeen, but falling in love with an actress, shire peasant, born in 1760 at Weston in that he married her and went upon the stage. Being county. Having the good fortune to attract the eminently fitted for his new profession, he notice of the Rev. Mr King of Whitchurch by soon distinguished himself, and began to write the genius he early displayed in arithmetic, for the theatres. His dramatic merit procured that gentleman not only placed him at a gramhim the patronage of Louis XIV, and his mar school, but afforded him the means of prosprightly turn and pleasing manners, set off secuting his studies at Wadham college, Oxby his superior education, rendered his com- ford, and afterwards, on his declining to take pany agreeable to persons of the first conside-priest's orders, procured him a place under ration. D'Ancourt was one of several instances the Board of Control, in 1785, whence he of a retirement from the gay existence of a rose to be accomptant general. He published leading actor to a life of almost ascetic devo- | a "General View of the Affairs of the East tion, a transition which in Catholic countries India Company, since the conclusion of the mi be aided by theological doctrines in regard war in 1784," in quarto; and translated from to theatrical performances. Retiring in 1718 | the Greek of Archimedes "Arenarius, or a

Treatise on numbering the Sand." He died in | called "The Bee;" and in 1797 removed to 1796.-Annual Necrology.

London, and began another journal called "Recreations in Agriculture," which ended with the sixth volume. He died in 1808, leaving a widow and six children. Dr Anderson wrote several articles for the Encyclopædia Britannica, and was also a monthly reviewer. Of his more formal publications, the following are the

ANDERSON (GEORGE) a native of Tundern in the duchy of Sleswick. During 1644 and the six following years he spent his time in travelling through the East, and visited the Arabias, Persia, India, China, the Japanese Islands, Tartary, and the Holy Land. The duke of Holstein Gottorp, on his return, hav-principal: 1." Observations on National Ining vainly endeavoured to induce him to commit his adventures to writing, employed his librarian Olearius, himself a traveller, to take down the account from his own mouth as he related them to his highness, the scribe being concealed behind the tapestry of the apartment. This work was afterwards published at Sleswick in 1669.-Biog. Univ.

dustry," 8vo; 2. " Essays relating to Agriculture and Rural Affairs," 8vo; 3. The True Interest of Great Britain considered, or a Proposal for establishing North British Fisheries," 8vo; 4. "An Enquiry into the Nature of the Corn Laws," 8vo; 5. "Thoughts on the Privileges and Power of Juries," 8vo; 6. "Remarks on the Poor Laws in Scotland, 4to; 7. "A Practical Treatise on Peat Moss," 8vo; 8. “ An Account of the different Breeds of Sheep in the Russian Dominions," 8vo; 9. "Practical Treatise on Draining Bogs and Swampy Grounds," 8vo; 10. "On an Universal Character," 8vo; 11. "Select Correspondence with General Washington," 8vo; 12. “Observations on Negro Slavery," 8vo. The writings of Dr Anderson did much to excite that attention to agriculture, which before his death became so prevalent throughout Great Britain.-Gent. Mag.

ANDERSON (JAMES) an advocate at the Scottish bar, eminent for his learning and antiquarian research. He was born in the metropolis of Scotland in 1662, and graduated at the university there. His first work, an "Essay proving the independence of the Crown of Scotland," published in 1705, gained him great credit, and procured him the thanks of the Scottish parliament, under whose auspices he subsequently produced a series of the "Charters and Seals of the Scottish Monarchs from the earliest Antiquity down to the Union with England in 1707." In 1727 came out ANDERSON (JOHN) the son of a rich his "Collections relating to the History of Mary merchant at Hamburgh, of which city he himqueen of Scotland," in four quarto volumes, a self became the principal magistrate in 1725. work which throws great light on the occur- In his youth he had received a liberal educarences of the period of which it treats. But tion at Halle and Leipsic, which he completed the book which gained him the greatest repu- at Leyden. His proficiency in literature gained tation, "Selectus Diplomatum et Numisma-him early in life the esteem of his fellow cititum Scotia Thesaurus," did not appear till twenty-one years after his death, which took place in 1728 by an apoplectic stroke. The celebrated grammarian Ruddiman wrote a preface to this work, which is beautifully illustrated by Sturt's engravings. It is in one volume folio.-G. Biog. Diet.

zens, while his acknowledged integrity secured him their confidence. His talents for diplo macy were called into play on various missions which he accepted to different European courts; during his residence there he cultivated an ac quaintance with all whom he found distinguished for their literary attainments, and kept ANDERSON (JAMES) a Scottish miscella- up a voluminous correspondence with them neous writer, was born at Hermiston near Edin- after his return. Of his published works burgh in 1739. He was brought up to agri- the principal are-a Glossary of the antient culture, and lost his father at the age of fifteen, Teutonic and German Languages, a Commenand notwithstanding his youth, carried on the tary on the Bible, and the Natural History of farm which had belonged to him with consi- Greenland and other parts of the Arctic Rederable advantage. He was equally successful gion, in two 8vo vols. Besides these he left with a large uncultivated farm in Aberdeen- behind him a variety of manuscripts, especishire, which he brought into excellent condi- ally one entitled Remarks on the Jurisprudence tion. Although he had not received a liberal of Germany. His death took place in 1743, education, such was his application and assi-in his seventy-ninth year.-Gent. Mag. duity, he contrived, in the midst of his agricultural pursuits, to acquire a considerable portion of general learning, and published a series of "Essays on Planting" in the Edinburgh Weekly Magazine. These papers, which were collected in a volume in 1777, produced him considerable reputation as an agriculturist; and in 1780 the university of Aberdeen conferred on him the degree of LL.D. In 1783 he removed to Edinburgh, and projected the establishment of the North British Fisheries, for which purpose he was employed by government to survey the coast of Scotland, and received great commendation for his services. He afterwards undertook a periodical work

ANDERSON (D.D. WALTER) a Scottish clergyman and historian of the last century. The writings by which he is principally known are his history of the reigns of Francis II and Charles IX of France, published in two quarto volumes in 1769, a work which he followed up four years afterwards by a history on a similar plan of France, from the beginning of Henry III's reign to that of Henry IV, down to the period of the Edict of Nantes, one vol. quarto. This in 1783 he again continued in two subsequent volumes, bringing the history down to the peace of Munster. He also produced an essay in quarto, on the Philosophy of Ancient Greece, and a life of Crasus king of Ly ia,

in duodecimo. He died in 1800 at the manse! of Churnside, of which parish he had been the incumbent more than half a century.-Gen. Biog. Dict.

ANDRADA (DIEGO DE PAYVA D') a learned Portuguese divine, sent by Sebastian king of| Portugal to the council of Irent in 1562. He distinguished himself at the council by his talents and eloquence, and wrote an elaborate defence of it against the attack of Chemnitius He died in 1575. His brother FRANCIS was History of John III king of Portugal," Lisbon, 1525; and a second brother, THOMAS, an Augustine friar, attending Don Sebastian in his unfortunate expedition against Muley Moloch emperor of Morocco, was taken prisoner by the Moors, and while in their custody wrote a book called The Sufferings of Jesus." -Moreri.

author of a ""

66

ANDRE (JouN) a self-taught musician of Offenbach in Germany, born in the year 1741. Witnessing at an early age the French and Italian operas at Frankfort, he was induced to attempt composition for the theatre. His two first pieces, The Porter," and "Erwin and Elmira," were so successful, that the author was appointed composer to the theatre at Berlin, where also he followed up his studies under the tuition of the celebrated Marpurg. He died in his native place, Offenbachi, in 1800, leaving several children, of whom John Anthony, the third son, inheriting the talents of his father, has lately introduced with much success the art of musical lithography.-Biog. Dict. of Mus.

civil law and Hebrew at Louvain, about the and at Douay, he obtained the professor-hips of year 1628, and ten years afterwards added to rian. His works are various, in biography, these appointments that of University Libratopography, philology, and antiquity. The principal of these are" Clarorum Catalogus Hispaniæ Scriptorum ;""Bibliotheca Belgica," or memoirs of eminent personages born in the Netherlands, published originally in 1623-of which valuable work Foppens printed an amendeh edition in 1739, in two quarto volumes; "Imagines doctorum virorum e variis gentibus, elogiis brevibus illustratæ " 12mo ; De initiis ac progressa Collegii Trilinguis Buslidiani, deque vita et scriptis professorum ejusdem collegii" "Topographia Belgica ;", "Bibliothecæ Lovaniensis primordia," and "Fasti Academici studii generalis Lo aniensis," 4to; " Orthographiæ ratio," 12mo; " De Linguæ Hebraica laudibus," 4to; and a treatise "De Toga et Sago, 8vo. He died in 1656, in the seventysecond year of his age.-Gent. Biog. Dict.

ANDREINI(FRANCIS and ISABELLA) a celebrated Italian comedian, and his wife, whose fame both as a performer and a writer was even superior to that of her husband. Francis, in addition to his histrionic talents, was noted for a most retentive memory, and the ease with which he acquired and retained many modern languages, aswell as those in common use as the less familiar dialects of the Ottoman empire. In 1611 he gave to the stage two pieces which were afterwards published, the one entitled "L'Ingannata di Proserpina;" the other "L' Alterazza di Narcisso," both in duodecimo. Two years previous to this he had printed a quarto volume at Venice, "Le Bravure del capitan Spavento," and another, " Ragionamenti fantastici posti in forma di dialoghi rappresentativi," soon followed. His merits as an

ANDRE (JOHN) a major in the British service in the unhappy American war, to him still more unfortunate; for being led to offer his services to negotiate between the noted general Arnold, about to betray the trust reposed in him by his countrymen, and gereral Sir Henry Clinton, he was taken prisoner by the Americans within their lines; and, owing to his dis-actor were held in much esteem, but, as before guise and the nature of his mission, was tried and executed as a spy, Oct. 2, 1780. He was originally a merchant's clerk, and possessed some literary ability, being the author of an ingenious poem entitled "The Cow-chase." A monument is erected to him in Westminster abbey---Ann. Register.

mentioned, fell short of those of Isabella, who was by far the finest performer of her day, Her poetic effusions were much admired, especially by cardinal Aldobrandini, whose patronage they procured her, as well as the henour of being admitted a member of the Intenti academy at Pavia. Just before her death she visited Paris, where she attracted great attention, and was favourably received at court, but died on her return at Lyons in 1604. She was a native of Padua, and had just attained her forty-second year at the time of her decease. Her printed works are-" Rime," one vol. 4to; "Lettere," 4to, (not published till three years after her death); "Fragmenti d' alcune Scritture," 8vo; and "Mirtilla favola pastorale," also in octavo. Her husband sur

ANDREAS (ÖNUPHRIUS) a Neapolitan poet who flourished in the early part of the 17th century. Besides his poetical works, which are written principally in the ottava rima, he was the author of several prose essays on moral and philosophical subjects, which were published in 1636 in a quarto volume. His works which remain are-"Italia Liberata," an epic poem, printed at Naples in one volume 12mo, in 1626; and "Aci," in 1628. He was also the author of several lyric effusione after-vived her nearly sixteen years. They left a son wards collected and published together, and of two dramatic pieces called "La Vana Gelosia" and "Elpino.' He died in 1647, being not quite fifty years old.-Biog. Universelle. ANDREAS (VALERIUS) sirnamed Desselius, from the place of his birth, Desschel in the Netherlands. Having gone through a course of study at Antwerp under Hontius,

(GIOVANNI BATTISTA) born at Florence in 1578, who inherited the talents of his parents both in acting and composition. His best piece, "Adamo," produced in 1613, is said to have suggested to Milton the idea of his "Paradise Lost." The time of his death is uncertain.-Biog. Universelle

ANDREA DEL SARTO, an eminent Tus