strengthen and perpetuate the friendly relations which have heretofore uniformly existed between them, and to consolidate their commericial intercourse, have resolved to enter into a Convention for Commercial Reciprocity." ARTICLE I. (Hawaiian products to be admitted free of duty.) "For and in consideration of the rights and privileges granted by His Majesty the King of the Hawaiian Islands in the next succeeding article of this convention and as an equivalent therefor, the United States of America agree to admit all the articles named in the following schedule, the same being the growth and manufacture or produce of the Hawaiian Islands, into all the ports of the United States free of duty. "Arrow-root; castor oil; bananas, nuts, vegetables, dried, and undried, preserved and unpreserved; hides and skins undressed; rice; pulu; seeds, plants, shrubs or trees; muscovado, brown, and all other unrefined sugar, meaning hereby the grades of sugar heretofore commonly imported from the Hawaiian Islands and now known in the markets of San Francisco and Portland as Sandwich Island sugar,' syrups of sugarcane, melado, and molasses; tallow." ARTICLE II. (American products to be admitted free of duty.)—“ For and in consideration of the rights and privileges granted by the United States of America in the preceding article of this convention, and as an equivalent therefor, His Majesty, the King of the Hawaiian Islands hereby agrees to admit all the articles named in the following schedule, the same being the growth, manufacture or produce of the United States of America, into all the ports of the Hawaiian Islands, free of duty: : "Agricultural implements; animals; beef, bacon, pork, ham and all fresh, smoked or preserved meats; boots and shoes; grain, flour, meal, and bran, bread and breadstuffs, of all kinds; bricks, lime, and cement; butter, cheese, lard, tallow, bullion; coal; cordage, naval stores, including tar, pitch, resin, turpentine raw and rectified; copper and composition sheathing; nails and bolts; cotton and manufactures of cotton bleached, and unbleached, and whether or not colored, stained, painted or printed; eggs; fish and oysters, and all other creatures living in the water, and the products thereof; fruits, nuts, and vegetables, green, dried or undried, preserved or unpre served; hardware; hides, furs, skins and pelts, dressed or undressed; hoop iron, and rivets, nails, spikes and bolts, tacks, brads or sprigs; ice, iron and steel and manufactures thereof; leather; lumber and timber of all kinds, round, hewed, sawed, and unmanufactured in whole or in part; doors, sashes and blinds; machinery of all kinds, engines and parts thereof; oats and hay; paper, stationery and books, and all manufactures of paper or of paper and wood; petroleum and all oils for lubricating or illuminating purposes; plants, shrubs, trees and seeds; rice; sugar, refined or unrefined; salt; soap; shooks, staves, and headings; wool and manufactures of wool, other than ready-made clothing; wagons and carts, for the purposes of agriculture or of drayage; wood and manufactures of wood or of wood and metal except furniture either upholstered or carved and carriages; textile manufactures, made of a combination of wool, cotton, silk or linen, or of any two or more of them other than when ready-made clothing; harness and all manufactures of leather; starch; and tobacco; whether in leaf or manufactured." ARTICLE III. (Evidence as to growth and manufacture how established.)-"The evidence that articles proposed to be admitted into the ports of the United States of America, or the ports of the Hawaiian Islands, free of duty, under the first and second articles of this convention, are the growth, manufacture or produce of the United States of America or of the Hawaiian Islands respectively, shall be established under such rules and regulations and conditions for the protection of the revenue as the two Governments may from time to time respectively prescribe." ARTICLE IV. (No export duty to be imposed on free articles-No lease of Hawaiian ports, and no other nation to have same privileges as the United States.)-"No export duty or charges shall be imposed in the Hawaiian Islands or in the United States, upon any of the articles proposed to be admitted into the ports of the United States or the ports of the Hawaiian Islands free of duty, under the first and second articles of this convention. It is agreed, on the part of His Hawaiian Majesty, that, so long as this treaty shall remain in force, he will not lease or otherwise dispose of or create any lien upon any port, harbor, or other territory in his dominions, or grant any special privilege or rights of use therein, to any other power, state or government, nor make any treaty by which any other nation shall obtain the same privileges, relative to the admission of any articles free of duty, hereby secured to the United States." ARTICLE V.-(Duration of convention.)-"The present convention shall take effect as soon as it shall have been approved and proclaimed by His Majesty the King of the Hawaiian Islands, and shall have been ratified and duly proclaimed on the part of the Government of the United States, but not until a law to carry it into operation shall have been passed by the Congress of the United States of America. Such assent having been given and the ratifications of the convention having been exchanged as provided in article VI. the convention shall remain in force for seven years, from the date at which it may come into operation; and further, until the expiration of twelve months after either of the high contracting parties shall give notice to the other of its wish to terminate the same; each of the high contracting parties being at liberty to give such notice to the other at the end of the said term of seven years, or at any time thereafter." ARTICLE VI. (Ratifications.)-"The present convention shall be duly ratified, and the ratifications exchanged at Washington city, within eighteen months from the date hereof, or earlier if possible. "In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries of the high contracting parties have signed this present convention, and have affixed thereto their respective seals. "Done in duplicate, at Washington, the thirtieth day of January, in the year of our Lord, one thousand eight hundred and seventy-five. "HAMILTON FISH. "ELISHA H. ALLEN. “HENRY A. P. CARTER." HAWAIIAN ISLANDS, 1884. CONVENTION EXTENDING THE DURATION OF THE TREATY OF 1875; AND GRANTING A COALING STATION TO THE UNITED STATES. Concluded December 6, 1884. November 9, 1887. Ratifications exchanged at Washington, ARTICLE I.—(Duration of the convention of January 30, 1875, extended.)" The High Contracting Powers agree, that the time fixed for the duration of the said convention, shall be definitely extended for a term of seven years from the date of the exchange of ratifications hereof, and further, until the expiration of twelve months after either of the High Contracting Powers shall give notice to the other of its wish to terminate the same, each of the High Contracting Powers being at liberty to give such notice to the other at the end of the said term of seven years or at any time thereafter." ARTICLE II. (Right to establish a coaling station.)-" His Majesty the King of the Hawaiian Islands grants to the Government of the United States the exclusive right to enter the harbor of Pearl River in the Island of Oahu, and to establish and maintain there a coaling and repair station for the use of vessels of the United States, and to that end the United States may improve the entrance to said harbor and do all other things needful to the purpose aforesaid. "Signed by "FRED'K T. FRELINGHUYSEN. "HENRY A. P. CARTER." 1 1 The first treaty with the Hawaiian Islands was concluded December 20, 1849. This was a treaty of friendship, commerce, navigation, and for the extradition of criminals, and contained the usual stipulations on these subjects. JAPAN. TREATY OF PEACE, AMITY AND COMMERCE, MARCH 31, 1854. By this treaty the ports of Simoda and Hakodade "are granted by the Japanese as ports for the reception of American ships, where they can be supplied with wood, water, provisions and coal, and other articles their necessities may require, as far as the Japanese have them." (Article IV.) But "wood, water, provisions, coal, and goods required, shall only be procured through the agency of Japanese officers appointed for that purpose, and in no other manner." (Article VIII.) Ships of the United States resorting to the ports open to them shall be permitted to exchange gold and silver coin and articles of goods for other articles of goods, under such regulations as shall be temporarily established by the Japanese government for that purpose." A treaty of 1857 was superseded and abrogated by a treaty of the following year. 1858. TREATY OF AMITY AND COMMERCE. Concluded July 29, 1858. Ratifications exchanged at Washington, May 22, 1860. Proclaimed May 23, 18 -1860 ARTICLE I.—A diplomatic agent of the United States may reside at Yedo, and consuls may reside at all the ports of Japan open to American commerce, etc. ARTICLE II.-The President of the United States, at the request of the Japanese government, will act as a friendly mediator between the government of Japan and any European power. ARTICLE III.—In addition to the ports of Simoda and Hakodade, the following ports shall be opened: Kanagawa, Nagasaki, Nee-e-gata, and Hiogo. Simoda shall be closed six months after the opening of Kanagawa. In all the foregoing ports and towns American citizens may permanently reside. Americans |