for the restoration of democracy in Greece and more specifically for the release of political prisoners;

to bring to the attention of the Free Trade Unions and the National Unions a number of points.

The New Year 1971 finds the Greek Junta ready to escalate to a new phasenamely the establishment of an open neo-fascist regime. In 1970 the first steps were taken in this direction. Any thought of return to some form of parliamentary democracy is being abandoned. The recent statements made by spokesmen of the dictatorship defer indefinitely the holding of elections, while on the other hand a consultative body has been instituted composed in substance of the regime's appointees, and designed to ratify unquestioningly the Junta's legislative work.

The outlines of the "Institutional Laws" that aim at the consolidation of the neo-fascist regime have been published. About 30,000 young Greeks have been recruited to the fascist youth movement of the "Alkimi” (the bold ones). The reign of terror continues to exist as on the first day of the dictatorship. This is a permanent feature of the regime. As Papadopoulos declared, he wants the shadow of martial law to continue looming over the heads of the Greeks.

Arrests, tortures, arbitrary sentences issued by "exceptional courts martial" and administrative deportations have been institutionalised while a great number of deportees continue for the fourth year to be deprived of their freedom More specifically, the condition of those in paid employment has become worse. The effort to subjugate the workers and employees continues by the use of various forms of repression. The leaders of the trade unions continue to be gov ernment appointees, and even in those cases where the claim is made that eleetions did take place, what really happened was a travesty of the election process during which the secret police and the security services allowed the few "protégés" of the various Junta factions which are at each other's throats-to perform the role of candidates.

Since the Junta allegedly restored the right to strike, not a single strike has taken place in Greece. And this is not, of course, an indication of how happy the Greek workers are, but is due to the fact that no one can claim any right in Greece nowadays without risking the loss of his job, or going to jail, or being deported, or suffering reprisals against his family. The regime, worried by the recent resolution of the ILO, has adopted a hypocrytically moderate tone and has promised to harmonize its recently-imposed legislation of employment with the relevant international conventions.

Such a harmonisation is in itself an impossibility, since the general framework within which the dictatorship is acting, is one of arbitrariness and the rule of force aiming at the annihilation of every democratic trade union leader and official.

We, the political prisoners of Aegina prison, who are victims in the struggle against neo-fascism in our country, hostages used as objects for the junta's bargaining,

Are convinced that a strong and free trade union movement can only emerge in a genuinely democratic society;

Appeal to the Free Trade Unions—

to continue giving their support to the struggle of the Greek people for freedom, for restoration of democracy and the liberation of political prisoners;

to intensify their efforts so that Greek Trade Unionism may return as soon as possible to the family of the Free Trade Unions;

to use every means at their disposal in order to oblige the Junta to respect and apply basic human rights in the case of political prisoners.

(There follow the signatures of 23 prisoners.)

The following article and petition were submitted by Congressman Fraser as part of his testimony on p. 56.)

[From the New York Times, July 7, 1971]

THE TORTURE OF THE GREEKS

The following article is taken from letters written on tissue and smuggled out of an Athens prison. They came from members of the student resistance organization, Rigas Ferraios, and describe their treatment by Greek security police.

My name is Fotis Provatas. On Christmas Eve, 1970, five individuals in civilian clothes, without a search or arrest warrant, searched my home for hours and then forced me to follow them to the general security of Athens. For 22 days I was kept in strict solitary confinement in a damp, dark, dirty cell in the basement of the security. From 14/1/71 to 20/1/71, day of my transfer to the Korydallos Prison, I was kept in a room of the fourth floor of the security.

They undressed me by force and threatened to rape me. As I was standing naked they punched me repeatedly in the face, the back, the stomach, the legs, the buttocks and on the heart. They repeatedly hit and squeezed my genitals. They dragged me around from the hair for long. They threw me naked on the floor, where they trampled me down. They kicked me, they hit me with a thick wooden club, while someone smothered my shouting with a nylon typewriter cover. They threatened that they would throw me down from the terrace. They threatened that both my friend Costarakos Costas and myself, would be lost in a car accident. From the continuous blows given with a thick wooden ruler on my joints and in the palms of my hand, the bones finally broke in both palms,

My name is George Theodosius Spiliotis. Right from the start of my arrest they hit me on the head and threatened that they would throw me off a precipice on Mount Parnes. They also stuck a pistol in my temples and threatened to kill me. They beat me till 11 o'clock in the evening in an office. They punched me on the head. They banged my head against the wall, dragging me by the hair. They punched me on the heart, on the ribs, on the stomach. They gave me repeated electric shocks. The blows on the head caused my nose to bleed. They put their fingers in the sockets of my eyes, they pretended to attempt to strangle me and they squeezed my genitals.

After all this, they took me on the terrace for "falanga." They tied me on a bench and started beating the soles of my feet with a thick iron pipe. The pain pierced through my body and on to the head which they kept beating at the same time. They again beat my genitals with a stick, they pressed my eye-bulbs with their fingers, or alternatively the throat to the point of strangulation. At the same time, with thick sticks they beat my fingers and my knees.

While they kept me tied on the bench, they would occasionally stop the beatings on the soles and start squeezing my genitals. The pain would make me turn on my face-I was lying on my back-and this caused new terrible pains from the ropes around my legs.

My name is Lycourgos Flessas. Agents of the general security of Athens arrested me without warrant. They took me to the Athens General Security. They immediately started slapping my face, giving me electric shock and punching me up. They pushed me in the laundry room. There they tied me on a bench and left my feet sticking out a bit. A police lieutenant started to beat the soles with an iron pipe, while somebody else threw his coat over my head to smother my shouting. Another police lieutenant hit me hard on the stomach and threatened that he would torture my girl friend, whom they had arrested the previous day. After a couple of hours they made me stand up and got me to walk about. They threw me in cell 7. In a nearby cell my girl friend was. She had suffered a nervous breakdown and was moaning all the time. They held her in this condition for one week.

My name is Costas Costarakos. On 23/12/1970, I was arrested in the house of my childhood friends. They were also arrested, together with my brother, my brother-in-law, my sister and my fianceé. They took me to the general security where, right from the start, in the office of a police captain, three policemen in plain clothes started beating me and punching me in the stomach, shouting "Get ready to die." Right after this, after handcuffing my hands behind my back, they took me to the terrace laundry room. There, without taking off the handcuffs, they stretched me on the bench, they stuffed my mouth with pieces of rope and scrap paper, so as to smoother my shouting and they started the falanga torture. Pain is terrible in the head. At the same time they squeezed and hit my genitals, and they also banged my head on the wall. During this torture, my torturers by shrieks and bangings tried to build up an atmosphere of false emotional tension, in order to terrify me. This lasted about three hours, in the night of 23 to 24, December. After this they threw me in a cell.

These are the names of policemen, all officers, given most often in the accounts by the victims as their chief tormentors and torturers: Babalis, Kalyvas, Karapanagiotis, Kravaritis, Lambrou, Loucopoulos, Mamodis, Smailis, Vasilakopoulos.

PETITION ON BEHALF OF CHRISTOS SARTZETAKIS BEING CIRCULATED IN EUROPE

It is reported by press and radio that Christos Sartzetakis was arrested on 24 December 1970 in Salonica while on a Christmas visit to his parents.

He was arrested without a warrant and promptly transferred to Athens for interrogation by the Special Investigation Section of the Greek military police. More than a month later, he is still detained in secrecy although no charge against him has been made public.

Christos Sartzetakis is known throughout the world for having been the examining magistrate in the Lambrakis case the subject of the film "Z”. This case gave him the reputation of a magistrate with an exemplary conception of his office.

Nothing, since then, has tarnished this reputation. Since his dismissal in 1968, Mr. Sartzetakis has been living in Athens and has taken no part whatever in politics.

The undersigned express their grave anxiety as to his fate. They consider that the conditions of his arrest, and those under which he is still detained, can only be regarded in the eyes of the world as a particularly shocking interference with justice and the independence of the judiciary.

They intend to see that this appeal is widely diffused and to do everything possible to ensure the safety of Judge Sartzetakis.

Name

Profession

Paris 30 January 1971.
Signature

BIBLIOGRAPHY

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