Foreign Relations of the United States

INDEX

Abyssinia. See Ethiopia.
Agreements. See Treaties, conventions,

etc.
Airplanes. See under Undeclared war:

Armaments: U. S. supplies.
Alaska. See Japan: Fisheries.
Aleutian Islands, 737, 738, 750, 751
America-Japan Society, 519
American Board Mission, 362
American Book and Supply Co., 693–

694
American Metal Co., 674-675
Andersen, Meyer and Co., 586
Anti-Comintern Pact (1936), 130, 179
Armaments. See under Undeclared war.
Asia Films of China, 693
Asiatic Fleet, U. S., 303, 421, 422, 423
Australia, 26–27, 28, 31, 37, 49, 57, 60,

61, 115
Aviation:
Assistance by Japan in search for

Amelia Earhart, 814–816
Chinese, 151, 520, 521-522, 552
U. S. refusal to authorize operation of

Japanese air line from Taihoku

(Formosa) to Manila, 817-819
Belgium (see also under Brussels Con-

ference: Attitudes, etc.): League of
Nations, position in, 22, 29, 30, 49,
57, 61; miscellaneous, 72, 74, 81,

106-107, 504, 568, 592
Bellanca Aircraft Corp., 522–523
Bolivia, 59, 61, 107, 117
Boxer Protocol (1901), 151, 238, 240, 421
Brussels Conference (Nov. 8-24), con-

vened under art. 7 of Nine Power

Treaty of 1922, 67-236
Adjournment question, 175-176, 180-

181, 182-183, 185, 188, 189-190,

193, 219, 220, 225, 227
Aims and policies of Conference,

general, 84, 89, 92, 96–97, 154-

155, 205, 214, 218, 221, 222
Anglo-American consultations: Con-

ference preliminaries, 63-64, 64-
66, 67–68, 69–70, 73, 86, 99-100,
127-128, 145; exchange of views
on general situation and policies,
84-86, 88, 89-92, 98–99, 124-125,
145-147, 152–155, 160-162, 184,

224, 226-227, 228-230
Attitudes, activities, and question of

participation of various nations:
Belgium, 71, 74, 78, 79-80, 81, 82,

94-95, 106-107, 108, 110, 114,
117, 121, 156–157, 158, 165,
205, 220

Brussels Conference--Continued
Attitudes, etc.-Continued

Bolivia, 107, 117
Canada, 61, 86
China: Aid to, discussed, 90, 163,

215; position and views, 39-40,
74-75, 83, 86, 148-149, 156,
167, 178, 180, 200, 214-215;
proposals and demands, 169

170, 204-205, 207, 220–221
Denmark, 183, 186, 188, 213
France, 86, 108, 155, 157-158,

162-165, 168, 170-171, 172-
174, 184, 212, 223, 224, 226,

232
Germany, 64, 66, 68, 69, 81, 86, 89,

92, 95, 97-98, 99, 101, 106,
107, 108, 110, 111, 112, 117,
118, 121, 129-130, 147-148,

149, 156–157, 159-160, 165
Italy, 72, 78, 81, 86, 92, 95, 99,

101, 108, 111, 117, 119, 130,
141-142, 149, 155, 157, 158,

165, 183, 188, 213, 227
Japan: Invitations to, and ques-

tions concerning possible par-
ticipation, 70, 72, 74, 77, 80, 81,
83, 86, 87, 92, 93–94, 95, 96,
106, 108-109, 121, 133, 135,
148, 156-157, 158, 159, 164,
167, 178, 180; Japanese-sug-
gested formation of subcom-
mittee with which Japan would
confer, 126, 127, 128–129;
miscellaneous, 66-67, 77, 80,
90, 113, 117, 129-130, 135,
142–143, 144, 157, 158, 175--
176, 181, 182, 183, 185, 186,
189–190, 201, 207, 216, 222-
223; non-recognition of changes
brought about by armed force,
question of, 153, 154, 176-177,
185, 187, 201; pressure meas-
ures against, question of adopt-
ing, 197–198, 202, 212-213,
214, 218, 223, 224, 232; refusal
to participate, and reasons for,
100, 101-102, 105, 112-113,

167, 182, 196, 206, 233
Netherlands, 69, 70, 96, 97, 157,

158, 165
Norway, 183, 188, 213
Portugal, 101, 108, 156
Soviet Union, 64, 65, 66, 68, 69, 86,

87-88, 89, 92, 95, 99, 100-101,
106, 107–108, 110, 116–117,
119-120, 155-156, 157, 158,
165, 198–199, 212

Brussels Conference-Continued Brussels Conference--Continued
Attitudes, etc.--Continued

Preliminaries--Continued
Sweden, 183, 188, 213

Invitation problems, 64, 65, 66, 68,
United Kingdom (see also Anglo-

70, 72, 78, 79, 81-82, 86, 89,
American consultations, supra):

91-92, 95, 98–99, 100-101, 110,
Foreign Secretary Eden's state-

138, 139
ment on U. S. initiative mis- Procedure considered, 72, 120, 132-
interpreted, 138–145 passim,

133, 143, 144, 147--148
189-190; invitations question, Time and place questions, 64, 66,
68, 69, 71, 77, 79, 80, 86, 89,

68, 69, 70, 71, 73, 83, 138, 140,
95, 98–99; position and policies,

141, 145; postponement of,
64, 65-66, 86, 89-91, 110,

106-107, 110
115, 117, 145, 147, 155, 156, Press comments and editorials con-
158-159, 164-165, 168–169, cerning, 122, 135, 137, 144, 159,
176, 184, 212, 213-214, 220, 172, 188-189, 197-198, 203, 217,
232

225
United States (see also Anglo-Amer- Resolutions. See Declarations and
ican consultations, supra):

resolutions, supra.
American initiative and leader- Sanctions against Japan, question of,
ship question, 138-145 passim, 88, 90–91, 152, 153, 154, 163, 218,
189–190, 194-196, 196-197,

232
211, 212, 213, 217, 222-224;
analyses of situation, 124-125, Canada, 30, 47, 61, 86, 116, 483-484,
148–149, 175–177, 200-202, 740-741, 763, 774
212–214; policies and views, Censorship: Confiscation of copies of
general,' 65, 66, 68, 72, 73, American-owned newspaper Voice
79–85 passim, 91-92, 94–95, of China in Shanghai, 685-692;
114, 115, 146-147, 154-155, Tientsin, 250, 251-252, 272-273,
156, 158, 164, 171, 175–181 278, 292, 300
passim, 183, 185–188, 193–194, Central Bank of China, 600, 611, 620–
205–210, 223, 225-226; press 621, 625
problems, 203, 221-224; sanc- Chase National Bank of New York, 625
tions or pressure against Japan, Chiang Kai-shek. See under China.
question of, 197–198, 203-204, China (see also Undeclared war; and
213, 214, 218, 232

under Brussels Conference: Atti-
Consultation by signatories to Nine tudes, etc.; League of Nations:

Power Treaty leading to Confer- Attitudes, etc., 549–702
ence, 4-5, 40, 55–56, 57, 59, 61, American and foreign forces in,
63-64, 138, 205

252-253, 264, 283–284, 362, 363-
Declarations and resolutions: Decla- 364, 370, 403-404, 421-422, 433–
ration of Nov. 15, adopted, 188;

434
drafts and consultations concern-

American and other foreign rights and
ing, 123–124, 132, 176-177, 181, interests (see also Undeclared
182-183, 186, 187–188, 193–194, war: Protection):
198–199, 201, 205–210, 220, 226– Extraterritoriality, question of aboli-
227; final report to governments,

tion of, 634-643
adopted, 227; Japanese reaction,

Government policy toward, 574-
189-190

575; Japanese respect, question
Joint action, question of, 184, 196-197

of, 238, 240, 241, 245, 250,
Mediation, question of, 122, 124-125,

251-252, 278, 602, 603
131-132, 159–160, 183, 184, 199,

Anti-Japanese activities, 35, 113, 143,
201, 215, 219, 220, 221, 228, 229-

207, 208, 249, 425-426, 549, 553,

686-689
230, 231, 233-234, 235, 236

Armaments. See under Undeclared
Negotiating Committee, proposed,

157, 158, 164, 169, 175--176, 185–
186; membership questions, 162,

Aviation, 151, 520, 521-522, 552

Chiang Kai-shek, 2, 75–76, 80, 151,
164-165, 168–169, 172, 181

166-167, 191-192, 195, 578–579,
Negotiations between China and

694-695, 696
Japan. See Undeclared war:

Chiang Kai-shek, Madame, 345, 475,
Peace negotiations and possi-

477, 523-524
bilities.

Chinese Communists, 553, 597, 688
Oil embargo question, 232

Claims:
Preliminaries, 67–155

Damages or losses derived from
Agenda and terms of reference, 107,

hostilities, 281, 286,287, 289,
111, 114, 143

329, 451, 474, 476, 479, 480-481
Association with League, question Efforts for consideration of out-
of, 109, 111, 113, 117, 120, 121,

standing American claims,
133

662–677

war.

sur-

China-Continued
Communism, 151, 178, 596,597, 687–

689, 692-694
Confiscation of copies of American-

owned newspaper Voice of China,

685-692
Consortium agreement (1920): Dis-

solution of, discussed, 578, 587–
590, 591, 600, 601, 606, 609, 614,
615-616, 617, 624-625; miscel-
laneous, 568–569, 570, 571, 572,
573, 576-578, 620, 625; "new
association,” proposed, 587–592

passim
Customs:
Customs vessels captured by Japa-

nese, 464, 465-466, 469
Maritime and salt revenues used

for servicing and settling loans
and debts, 606, 608, 621, 626,

665, 667, 669, 670, 671
U. S. concern over imposition of

customs levies and other taxes,
643-657; Conservancy

taxes question, 650–657 passim
Economic reconstruction of China and

attitude of U. S. and other gov-
ernments respecting financial as-

sistance to China, 568-627
American interests and participa-

tion, 581-582, 592, 597, 617,

625, 626
American loans and credits: Ex-

port-Import Bank, 580, 582,
585, 586, 595, 612-619 passim;
general consideration of, 584,
585-586, 592-593, 594, 600,
604, 606, 608, 609, 613, 614-615,
618; participation in currency

loan discussed, 585, 604, 606
Claims against China, efforts for

consideration of, 662-677
Currency stabilization problems,

594, 610-611, 611-612, 620;
negotiations for foreign loan to
help, 604, 605-607, 608, 619

620, 620-621
Debt, internal, and deficit, 573,

603-604, 620, 675
Gold exchange, question of, 611,

623, 625
International and foreign loans:

General, 568, 581, 584, 591-
592, 599–600, 622, 625, 626;
railroad development, 569, 577,
581, 582-583, 584-585, 588,
590, 598–599, 600, 601, 604-
605, 614–615, 619-621, 622,
625; servicing of, charged on
maritime and salt revenues,

606, 608, 621, 669
Japanese attitude toward, 151,

,
578-579, 602, 607
National Government efforts, and

trends toward state capitalism,
573-574, 581, 582-583, 593–
594, 596-598, 644-647, 650
652, 675

China---Continued
Economic reconstruction-Con.
Silver, problem of, 610-611, 623–

624, 626-627
Educational institutions, problems

of, 247,249, 565–567
Extraterritorial rights:
Consideration of resumption of

negotiations for relinquishment
by United States and other

powers, 634-643
Jurisdiction problems, 560, 575

Taxation problems, 635, 677–685
France, relations with. See under

France.
Germany, relations with, 105, 111,

130, 199, 548, 568
Internal situation, general, 192, 573-

576, 596,597, 627-628
Japan, relations with. See Unde-

clared war; and under Japan.
Leased territories and blockade ques-

tion, 460
Loans. See Economic reconstruc-

tion, supra; Railways, infra.
“Manchoukuo," relations with, 151,

235
Monopolies: Chinese tendency to-

ward, 581, 597; U. S. representa
tions against establishment of,

658-661
Narcotic drugs and opium control,

694-702
Chinese request for cooperation by

authorities of International
Settlement of Shanghai to
enforce suppression laws, 694-

699, 701-702
League of Nations attitude toward

Chinese regulations, 699-700
National Government:
Central Executive Committee, res-

olution on resuming negotia-
tions on abolition of extrater-
ritorial rights, 636, 637–638,

640, 641
China Consortium, attitude to-

ward, 569, 577, 587
Chinese Communists, relations

with, 553, 597, 688
Economic and financial policies,

573-574, 581, 582–583, 584,

593-594, 596,598, 644-647, 675
Transfer to interior, 190-191, 192,

214, 216
Protection of American and other

foreign lives and property (see

also under Undeclared war):
American interests in educational

institutions in China, prob-

lems of, 247,249, 565–568
Confiscation of copies of American-

owned newspaper Voice of

China, 685–692
Income tax applied to foreigners

question of, 635, 677-685

China-Continued
Protection, etc.-Continued
Use by Communist propaganda

agencies in China of American
ownership, real or simulated,

for protection, 692-694
Railways:
American loans and credits, ques-

tion of, 579–580, 582-583, 585,

586, 592-593, 614-615
Bombing by Japanese, 300, 354,

367, 387-388, 470
Canton-Hong Kong Railway (Can-

ton-Kowloon Railway), 469,

470, 548
Canton-Meihsien Railway, financ-

ing of construction of, 569, 577,

China-Continued
Taxation:
Application of Chinese income tax

to American and other foreign
nationals, problem of, 635,

677-685
Conservancy surtax, question of

Chinese right to impose, 650-

657 passim
Government fiscal policy, 574
Imposition of import levies, U. S.

concern regarding, 643–657
Tariffs with regard to Japan, 151,

579
Trade relations with United States:
American firms' refusal to sell ar-

maments, 530,531, 536-537,

539-543
Chinese purchases of goods in

United States, 592-593, 593–
595, 609-610, 652; commercial
credits for, 592, 594, 612-613,
616-617, 618-619; transport

problems of, 450-451, 453
Conservancy surtax, question of

Chinese right to impose, 650-

657 passim
General policies, 574–576, 579, 581,

652
Imposition of import levies, U. S.

concern regarding, 643-657
Vegetable oil monopoly, question

of, 658-661
Transport and communications (see

also Railroads, supra; and under
Undeclared war): Communist
propaganda through newspapers,
radio, films and books, 693;

expansion program, 580, 583, 593
United Kingdom, relations with.

See under United Kingdom.
United States, relations with (see

also Trade relations, supra):
American fliers in China, U. S.

policy regarding, 244–245, 520-

529 passim, 538-539, 543
American relief for China, 627–634
American representations, 255, 273,

340-341, 353, 367, 368-369,
473–475, 648-649, 657, 658-

662
Application of Chinese income tax

to American citizens, U. S.

rejection of, 677-685
Armaments to China, U. S.

policies purchases and
shipments of, 22, 205, 453,
456-458, 523, 527, 532-548

584, 590, 600, 601, 605, 620
Chengtu--Chúngking Railway, 599
Chengtu-Yunnanfu Railway, 614-

615
Hankow-Canton Railway, 293, 312,

318, 324, 325-326, 328, 330-
331, 333, 343, 344, 354, 387–

388, 406, 425
Hankow-Peiping Railway, 354
Hukuang Railway loan, question of

settlement of, 663, 664, 666–

668, 669, 670, 671-672
International and foreign loans for

development of, 569, 577, 581,
582-583, 584-585, 588, 590,
598–599, 600, 601, 604-605,

620, 622, 625
International trains for evacuation

of foreign nationals, question
of Japanese respect of, 314-

315, 318, 324, 325-326, 330
Pukow-Singyang Railway, 600,

605, 620
Shanghai-Nanking Railway, 300

Tientsin-Pukow Railway, 586, 667
Relief activities on behalf of war

victims, 627-634
Shanghai (see also under Undeclared

war):
Confiscation of copies of American-

owned newspaper Voice of

China, 685-692
Opium and narcotics suppression

laws, question of enforcement

of, 694-699, 701-702
Use by Communist propaganda

agencies of American owner-
ship, real or simulated, for

protection, 692–694
Sian: Evacuation of foreign nationals,

549-556 passim; political and
military situation, 549, 550, 551,

553
Sovereignty and territorial integrity

problem, 55, 579, 607
Soviet Union, relations with. See

under Soviet Union.

passim
Brussels Conference situation,

consultations on, 39-40, 75–

76, 103, 148-149, 199–200
Confiscation by Chinese of copies

of American-owned newspaper
Voice of China, U. S. objection
to, 685-692

on

China-Continued

Fisheries (see also under Japan), 867,
United States-Continued

869, 874
General, 3-5, 30–32, 203, 216, Foreign Bondholders Protective Coun-

262-263, 336, 349, 368-369, cil, Inc., 666-667, 668, 672
421, 430–431, 433, 452–453, France (see also under Brussels Confer-
458, 464, 513, 530-532, 551, ence: Attitudes, etc.; League of
552, 594, 597, 639

Nations: Attitudes, etc.):
League of Nations, consultations China, relations with:

in connection with, 4-5, Armaments, prohibition of ship-
8-9, 11-12, 18, 21-22, 26,

ments through Indo-China,
45–46, 475, 531-532

question of, 136, 163, 170–171,
Neutrality Act, U. S., problems

172, 184–185, 199–200, 212,
regarding application of, 30,

538
456–457, 530-531

Economic and financial questions,
U.S. Court for China, 521, 526, 529

568, 572, 581, 584, 594, 599,
China Foundation, 676-677

654, 657, 682
China Inland Mission, 557

Franco-American consultations, 9,
China National Aviation Corp., 295,

10–11, 28, 29, 36, 162-164, 168,
521-522

170-171, 172-174, 184-185, 447–
China Vegetable Oil Corp., 658–661

449, 691
Church of the Brethren Mission, 400

Germany, relations with, 173–174, 175
Communism in China, 151, 178, 553,

Indo-China. See Indo-China.
596–597, 687-689, 692-694; in

Japan, relations with, 163, 184-185,
Japan, 722

243, 251–252, 356, 358, 372, 437,
Conferences:

824
Brussels Conference. See Brussels

Freedom of the high seas, principle of,
Conference.

736
Chinese Customs Conference (1925–

Fur seals arbitration case of 1893, 745-

747
26), 608
Inter-American Conference for the
Maintenance of Peace (1936),

Germany (see also under Brussels Con-
114-115

ference: Attitudes, etc.):
Continental Illinois National Bank and

China, relations with, 105, 111, 130,
Trust Co., 664, 665, 666

199, 548, 568
Conventions. See Treaties, conventions,

France, relations with, 173–174, 175
etc.

Japan, relations with, 104-105, 111,
Cuba, 833, 845, 856, 862, 874

130, 179, 581, 582, 584, 594
Customs. See under China.

League of Nations, question of partici-
Czechoslovakia, 622

pation in Advisory Committee,

28, 29, 30, 32, 37

United States, relations with, 97–98,
Denmark, 59, 61, 183, 186, 188, 213, 824
Dollar Steamship Co., 259, 260, 287–289, Granich, Max, 686-689, 691-692

110-111, 175
293, 361, 453, 473–484
Du Pont de Nemours, E. I., & Co., 536, Greece, 504

Great Britain. See United Kingdom.
539-540, 541-542
Dutch East Indies, 232

Guam, 813

Hainan, 199
Earhart, Amelia, 814–816

Hong Kong:
Eastern Publishing Co., 685–692

Armament shipments to China
Ecuador, 49, 60

through, question of, 136, 137,
Ethiopia, 12, 21, 153

204, 522, 544, 545, 548
Eurasia Aviation Corp., 552, 553, 555 Miscellaneous, 51, 136, 137, 289, 319,
European situation, 120, 170, 173-174, 469, 470, 471, 623–624, 626-627
504, 518

Refugees and relief in, 267, 275, 324,
Export-Import Bank of Washington,

354
580, 582, 585, 586, 595, 612-619 Transshipment of Japanese textiles
passim

for Philippines, 786–787, 788–
Extraterritoriality. See China: Extra-

790, 797, 798, 802, 803-804, 806
territorial rights.

Hong Kong and Shanghai Banking

Corp., 585, 619, 620, 621, 624
Far Eastern situation, analyses of, 33– Honolulū, unwarranted action by Japa-

34, 42–44, 62–63, 84-86, 145–147, nese Consul General with respect to
152–155, 159, 163, 170, 173, 517

photographer taking picture of
Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 625 Japanese group on U.S. Navy pier,
Finland, 826

807-811

Books

Foreign Relations of the United States: Diplomatic Papers, Volume 4