and strategic position of Syria,
688-689, 690, 691, 694, 696-697,
699-700, 719-720
French officials in Syria: Attitude
toward Germany and specula-
tions on German strategy, 688-
689, 696-697, 699-700; Free
French sympathizers, arrest of,
715; political outlook and views
on Allied policies, 675, 688-689,
706-707, 749; relationship with
Vichy Government, 675, 689,
691, 707, 719; U. S. emphasis on
importance of preparedness for
defense in case of Axis aggres-
sion, 697-698, 700
German propaganda and infiltra-
tion, 274, 675, 680, 691, 692, 695,
706, 713-714, 715, 741; rumors
regarding dispatch of German
military mission, 691-692, 693
German use of Syrian territory for
military purposes:
Shipments of military equipment

to Iraqi insurgents from
French supplies in Syria,
questions regarding, 702-703,
704-705, 707, 708, 710, 711-
712, 714

Use of Syrian airfields by Ger-
man planes, 701-704, 709, 710,
711, 713, 714, 715, 716, 738;
British concern, request for
U. S. action, and protests to
Vichy Government, 703-705,
708-709, 710; instructions by
Vichy Government to French
officials, 701-702, 703; U. S.
urging of French resistance
to German pressures, 705-
707, 710, 713; withdrawal by
Germany of airplanes and
ground personnel, 723, 724
German views and policies regard-
ing Syrian situation, 717-718
Speculations regarding possible

British attack on Syria, and
French reaction, 701, 708, 715,
717, 718, 720

Syrian Nationalist leaders, policies
and attitudes toward Germany
and Allies, 695-696, 698-699,
700-701, 719; appeal by Sheik
Taj-ed-Din for U. S. statement
of policy, 721-722

U. S. warnings to Syria of German
tactics, 690-691
Independent governments, establish-

ment of. See New regimes, infra.
Invasion and occupation. See British
and Free French invasion and
occupation, supra.
Iraq, repercussions of events in Iraq
and pro-Iraq demonstrations,
697-698, 700, 701, 718

Syria and Lebanon-Continued
Mixed Courts, decrees issued by Free
French relative to, 787-788, 810-
811

New regimes established by Free
French, 785-813

Establishment of independent gov-

ernments in Syria and Leb-

anon:

Declaration by Gen. Catroux
upon entering Syria, 726-727
Decrees issued by Gen. Catroux
relative to Mixed Courts,
787-788, 810-811

Gen. de Gaulle's message of notifi-
cation to United States, 808-
810

Proclamation of Lebanese inde-
pendence, issued by Gen.
Catroux, Nov. 26: Discus-
sions regarding text and
British objections to certain
phraseology, 797-799, 800-
801, 804-805; issuance of,
805-806
Proclamation of Syrian independ-
ence, issued by Gen. Catroux,
Sept. 27, 786-787, 788, 791,
792-793; inauguration of
Sheik Taj-ed-Din as first
President, 786

Recognition of new regimes, ques-
tion of:

Attitudes of Egypt, Iraq, and
Saudi Arabia, 803

British recognition, and discus-
sions with United States urg-
ing U. S. recognition, 786,
793, 794, 795-797, 799, 801,
803-804, 812-813

U. S. position, and decision not to
extend recognition, 793, 794-
795, 799, 813; press release
issued Nov. 29, 807-808
Reservation of American treaty
rights, 785, 788-789, 791-793,
795, 804, 807-808, 811, 812
Termination of French mandate,
legal questions, 785, 790-791,
801-803, 806-807, 811-812
Political situation and rioting in vari-
ous cities, 675, 680-681, 689, 690,
692, 694, 695-697

Turco-Bulgarian declaration (Feb.
17), reaction to, 687-688
Vichy Government policies. See un-

der British and Free French in-
vasion, supra; also German pres-
sures, supra.

Taj-ed-Din, Sheik. See Hasani, Taj-ud-
Din-al-.

Tangier Zone. See under Morocco.
Taylor, Col. J. G., 539
Taylor, Col. V. D., 931
Tedder, Air Marshal Arthur W., 281
Tehernikh, A. S., 384-385, 397, 417-418,
461, 463-464, 467, 469

Texas Company, 626, 644

Thornburg, Max W., 629-632, 634-635
Tittmann, Harold H., Jr., 759-760

Transjordan, 621

tual assistance

Treaties, conventions, etc. :
Anglo-French-Turkish treaty of mu-
(1939). See
Turkey: Anglo-Turkish relations.
Anglo-Spanish provisional agreement
regarding Tangier, Feb. 21, 553–
554, 554n, 557

Montreux Convention regarding
Regime of the Straits (1936),
390, 891-892

Montreux Convention relative to abo-
lition of capitulations in Egypt,
(1937), 322, 325, 326, 327, 328, 330
Ogdensburg Declaration (1940), 130
Saadabad Pact (1937), 397, 416, 441,
486, 508

Turkish Bulgarian nonaggression

agreement, Feb. 17. See under
Turkey: Bulgarian-Turkish rela-
tions.

Turkish-German commercial agree-
ment, Oct. 9. See under Turkey:
Chrome, etc.
Turkish-German nonaggression agree-
ment, June 18. See under Tur-
key: German-Turkish relations.
U. S.-Canada. See Canada: Agree-
ments with United States.
U. S.-France, convention of Apr. 4,
1924, U. S. reservation of rights
in Syria and Lebanon under, 785–
813 passim

U. S.-United Kingdom, Base Lease
Agreement, Mar. 27. See United
Kingdom: Naval and air bases.
U. S.-United Kingdom-Canada, proto-
col concerning defense of New-
foundland, Mar. 27, citation to
text, 85

Trinidad, 60, 66, 67, 79, 81
Turkel, Harry R., 199-200
Turkey, 814-974

Anglo-Turkish relations based

on

British-French-Turkish treaty of
mutual assistance of 1939:
British obligations to furnish sup-

plies to Turkey and Turkish
contentions of nonfulfillment,
830, 852, 898, 910-911, 912, 916
British position in connection with
Soviet-British declaration as-
suring respect for Turkish
territorial integrity, and Turk-
ish reaction, 391, 891-892, 894
British pressure upon Turkey, and
concern over Turkish view-
point, 825-826, 840, 843, 846,
847; Turkish attitude toward
Allies and toward British
policy and war strategy, 842-
843, 845, 851-852, 878, 885

Turkey-Continued
Anglo-Turkish relations-Continued
Interpretation of German-Turkish

nonaggression agreement in re-
lation to Anglo-Turkish alli-
ance, 814, 830, 858-860, 866-867,
868, 876, 882, 886, 912, 916
Military consultations: Anthony
Eden's visit to Turkey and
Cyprus, 826-827, 829, 833-834,
837, 840-841, 842, 856; British-
Turkish staff discussions, 886,
896; plans for military coopera-
tion, 814-815, 825-826
British relations with Turkey. See
Anglo-Turkish relations based on
British-French-Turkish treaty,
supra; Chrome, etc., and Lend-
lease aid, infra.
Bulgarian-Turkish relations:
Turkish attitude toward German
military penetration and to-
ward Bulgaria's political posi-
tion, 815, 817, 818, 819-820, 822-
823, 828

Turkish - Bulgarian nonaggression
agreement, signed Feb. 17: In-
formation concerning, 817;
press statement by Turkish
Foreign Minister, 823; Syrian
views, 687-688; U. S.-Turkish
discussions regarding signifi-
cance and interpretation of,
819-823, 823-824, 828

Chrome, efforts by U. S. and British
Governments to acquire from
Turkey and to prevent sale by
Turkey to Germany, 936-974
Anglo-Turkish negotiations for re-

newal of contract to cover en-
tire 1942 output of Turkish
chrome:

Information concerning, and U. S.
position with regard to im-
portance of contract, 944-945,
946-950, 951-952, 956, 957
Signature of contract, Dec. 23,

974

Turkey-Continued

Chrome, etc.-Continued

Turkish-German commercial agree-

ment-Continued
Signature, Oct. 9, 962

Terms and provisions, 964-966
U. S. and British efforts to pre-
vent Turkish sale of chrome
to Germany, 940, 941-944,
945-946, 950-951, 952-956;
representations and views
concerning final arrangement
concluded between Turkey
and Germany, 958-964
Turkish request to United Kingdom
for foodstuffs, relation
chrome situation, 971, 972
German-Soviet war, Turkish views
on, 870, 871, 872-873, 880
German-Turkish relations (see also
Chrome, etc., supra):
German pressure and policies with

to

regard to Turkey, 690, 825, 847,
848-850, 852, 853, 867, 878-879,
895, 897, 926n; Hitler's message
to President Inönü and Inönü's
reply, 831-832, 835-836; Rib-
bentrop's conversation with
Turkish Ambassador, 893, 895,
897

Reports and speculations over Ger-
man attack against Turkey and
Turkish attitude toward Ger-
many, 442, 816, 848, 880-881,
882-883, 886, 895-896, 903-904;
joint Turkish-German com-
muniqué on friendly relations,
908

Transit of goods from Syria to Ger-
many, attitude toward, 680, 683
Turkish-German commercial agree-

ment, Oct. 9. See under
Chrome, etc., supra.
Turkish-German nonaggression
agreement, June 18:
Anglo-American exchange of
views, 853-855, 857; U. S.
efforts to dissuade Turkey
from signing agreement, 855,
856-857, 857-858
Interpretation of agreement, and

U. S. role in obtaining clarifi-
cation of Turkey's position
with respect to Anglo-Turk-
ish alliance, 858-861, 878,
879, 886

Reports concerning background,
negotiation, and terms, 853,
854-856, 857-858, 861-862,
864-865, 866-867, 868-869,
870, 878-879

Text of agreement and press
statements, 862-864

Turkish offer of refuge to German
nationals expelled from Iran,
445-446, 449

Turkey-Continued

Greece, Turkish attitude toward situ-
ation in, 824, 834, 839-840, 846
Iran, repercussions in Turkey of de-
velopments in, 401, 412, 416-417,
427, 440, 441-442; British-Turk-
ish conversations regarding, 438-
439, 440; British-Soviet notifica-
tion to Turkey of steps taken in
Iran and declarations regarding
their position toward Turkey,
390, 391-392, 395-396, 400-401;
Iranian-Turkish conversations,
411-412, 427; possible role of
Turkey as intermediary after in-
vasion, 422, 427; Turkish reac-
tion to Soviet policy in Iran, 390,
401, 468, 469

Iraq, Turkish attitude toward situa-
tion in, 486, 507, 508

Lend-Lease

aid (see also under
Chrome, etc., supra):

Assistance by retransfer from allo-
cations of U. S. aid to United
Kingdom, questions regarding,
828, 830-831, 833, 837-839, 853,
860-861, 887-888, 907-908, 926,
931-932, 935-936
British policy and desire for con-

tinuance of aid and mainte-
nance of existing procedure,
856, 857-858, 866, 868, 875-
877, 881, 882, 884, 886-887,
888, 891, 893, 897-898, 905,
910-913, 916; U. S. considera-
tions and policy decisions,
868, 885-886, 888-890, 890-
891, 896-897, 900-901, 901-
902, 909-910, 916

British request that Turkish de-
mands be deferred, questions
regarding, 903, 905-906, 907-
908, 931

British Supply Council, 903, 905,
908, 912, 913, 931, 932
Retransfer procedure adopted by
Lend-Lease Administration,
and British reaction, 924-925,
926-927, 928, 935-936
Direct U. S. aid to Turkey, consid-
erations regarding (see also
Assistance by retransfer,
supra), 902, 904, 906, 915-918;
British opposition to, 907, 910-
913, 916, 917, 931; decision by
United States to permit contin-
uation of aid as retransfer by
United Kingdom, and condi-
tions specified, 918-922; deter-
mination of procedure for
"cash reimbursable transac-
tions", 920-921, 922, 925, 926-
927, 931, 932, 936

United Kingdom-Continued
Naval and air bases, agreement im-
plementing declaration of Sept.
2, 1940, for establishment of U. S.
bases in areas leased from United
Kingdom, 53-85
Negotiations:

Developments and discussions
preceding London negotia-
tions, 53-64

Location of negotiations, question
of, 53-55, 57-58
Meetings in London of Base

Lease Commission: Agenda
and progress of meetings, 64
68, 77-82; exchanges of
views between U. S. and
British officials on procedure
and progress of, 68-77
Newfoundland and Bermuda, prob-
lems in connection with, 58–64,
66, 67, 78, 79, 82-83, 84; U. S.-
British-Canadian protocol con-
cerning defense of Newfound-
land, 85
Signature of agreement, Mar. 27,

83-85

Post-war relief and international con-

trol of commodities, Anglo-Amer-
ican discussions regarding, 85-
112
Exchange of views on commodity
surpluses and other aspects of
problem, 85-97; joint Anglo-
American committee, proposed,
89, 92, 106

Inter-Allied meeting:
British proposal, texts of draft
note to Allied Governments
and draft resolution, 98-100;
U. S. views and discussions
with United Kingdom, 100-
103, 107-109

Meeting of Sept. 24 setting up an

Inter-Allied Committee, 109-
111; U. S. representative, ar-
rangements relative to, 110-
111, 112
Inter-American program of cooper-
ation, relation to, 86-87, 88
Supplementary trade agreement with
United States, discussions re-
garding negotiation of, 112-128
Exchange of views between U. S.
and British Governments, 112-
113, 119-120, 121

United Kingdom-Continued
Tangier: Anglo-Spanish relations re-
garding situation at Tangier, 551,
552-553, 554n, 557, 573, 575, 577:
position on Spanish seizure of
Cape Spartel Lighthouse, 582-584
Transportation of war material to
Soviet Union through Iran, U. S.
discussions looking toward Brit-
ish cooperation in improving
Iranian facilities for, 477-485
U. S. policy of aid to United Kingdom,
5, 56-57, 113, 155, 215-217, 224-
225, 227, 230, 706, 733
United Lutheran Church in America,
210, 211
United Press, 413-414
U Saw, 181, 183, 185
U. S. citizens.

U.

U.

U.

See Morocco: French
Zone, Spanish Zone, and Tangier
Zone: Reservation of American
treaty rights.

S. Congress, 68-69, 84, 87, 158-159,

168

S. consular and diplomatic represen-
tation (see also Morocco: Tangier
Zone: Informal relations, etc.):
Dispatch of a U. S. consular officer
to Jidda, Saudi Arabia, suggestion
regarding, 655-656; informal ex-
change of representatives on recip-
rocal basis between United States
and India, consultations regarding,
170-176; Legation at Kabul, ques-
tion of opening, 256, 259, 260
S. defense (see also Turkey: Chrome,
efforts by U. S. and British Govern-
ments to acquire, etc.; United
Kingdom: Naval and air bases), 11,
14, 57, 357, 363, 687, 815, 923; Pres-
ident Roosevelt's letter to Edward
R. Stettinius listing countries
whose defense is found vital to U. S.
defense, 316; St. Lawrence Water-
way, construction of, in relation to
defense program, 154–155, 155–156;
U. S. opposition to proposal for es-
tablishment of Canadian military
mission in Washington, 129–136
S. Maritime Commission, 239, 247,
248, 249, 280, 289

U.

U.

S. Navy Department, 130-132, 134-

135
Üstün, H. Cavad, 486

sions to Australia, New Zea-
land, and Union of South Af-
rica, 120, 121, 123-124; prelim-
inary exchange of views with
the three countries, and ar-
rangements for dispatch of del-
egations to Washington, 113-
119, 121-123, 124-128

Uriarte, Col., 575, 576, 578, 579
Van Deusen, Leila R., 210

Vatican, discussions regarding declara-
tion of Beirut as an open city, 747,
750, 752, 753, 757-758
Viljoen, P. R., 126, 127