voir (including the extra pressure of the "Pneumatic Blow") should always be allowed absolute freedom of access to the flue or to the reed-tongue, as the case may be. If restriction. at the toe be resorted to, flue pipes become windy, and the tone quality and speed of articulation also suffer. If reed pipes have wind cut off at the toe, their tongues have to be made thinner and with less curve. This results in the production of poor, thin, and comparatively coarse tone.

That great builder, Willis, of England, enlarged the holes in the toes of his reed pipes and his stops became famous all over the world. Schultze of Paulzinelle opened out the toes of his diapasons and his name is known to every European organ enthusiast.

Let those who have disappointing organs cut off the toes of all the pipes and have their instruments revoiced to meet the new conditions, and they will be astonished at the transformation effected. For generations pipe toes have cut off the wind. The half reform initiated by Schultze and Willis is not referred to here, but of the entire removal of all restriction of the wind pressure at the toe of a pipe. Such entire removal of restriction is necessary to the production of the new tones hereinafter to be described.

removed. When the valve, V, is plucked open, the water water rushes in without restriction, strikes the languid L and squirts through the flue, F2, with all the force of the "hydraulic blow." That the pressure rises considerably above that of the water in the cistern is proved by the fact that a jet will be shot up to a considerable height through the small tube, T2.

The retention of the pallet and slider chest is advocated, the retention of its old-fashioned long and narrow pallet as opposed to the cheaper but vastly inferior little round valve. now becoming so common is earnestly urged. The removal of all restriction to the passage of wind at the pipe toe is also recommended.

If the various leading builders maintain, during the next four and a half years, the same rapid rate of progress that has been observed in their creations during the similar period just passed, there can be no room to doubt that the United States will lead the world in the production of organ tone. With this end in view, a careful study of the great field opened to exploitation by the "pneumatic blow" is suggested. In the next article some of the results already achieved by its means will be dealt with.

(To be Continued.)

Notes of Musical Literature.

The "New Library of Music" is the title of a series of volumes projected by Methuen & Co., of London, under the general editorship of Ernest Newman, the well known English critic and musical writer. Mr. Newman

is the author of the first volume, which has already been published in England. It is on Hugo Wolf, and is the first comprehensive study of the great song writer that has appeared in English. Mr. Newman holds some radical views as to Wolf, as readers of THE NEW MUSIC REVIEW have already become aware, through the essay of Wolf from his pen that we published some months ago.

intention to make the critical side especially interesting and useful, and to approach it with all the data and from the point of view furnished by the latest developments of music and recent musical criticism.

* * *

The Berlin periodical, Die Musik, publishes in the original German an interesting series of letters from Edvard Grieg to a friend in Switzerland, which originally appeared in a Swiss newspaper in a French translation. There are four of them of considerable length. The first gives a detailed account of his music to Ibsen's "Peer Gynt," much of which remains unpublished; he mentions twenty-two pieces. Many of these are short fragments, some played on the stage, some behind it. Besides the pieces published in the two "Peer Gynt" suites, others are published as separate' songs and piano pieces. The letters, which are dated 1895, 1903, 1906 and in 1907, the last being only a few days before his death, all show how frequently he was in wretched health. There are interesting glimpses into his views on art, his boundless admiration for Ibsen, his political views-"I am a republican, and always have been"-and on religion. He says, "While I was visiting England in 1888 I was deeply impressed by the views of Unitarianism, and have maintained them in the nineteen years that have followed."

Another volume of the correspondence of Richard Wagner is appearing in Germany. It is entitled "Bayreuther Briefè," and is edited by the composer's faithful and industrious Glasenapp. It becomes increasingly difficult to understand how Wagner found hours enough in his seventy years to compose his

music, write his texts and the volumes of his theoretical essays, and carry on his voluminous correspondence. The new volume contains Wagner's letters to the small band of the faithful who stood by him in the discouraging work of establishing the festival playhouse and the festival performances at Bayreuth. They show, to quote the publishers' announcement, his "iron will and his unwavering hopefulness in the success of his bold plan." The letters extend over the period from 1871 to 1883, and are said to form an important link in the series of his published letters.

Council Meeting.

At the Reformed Church on the Heights of Pierrepont street, Brooklyn, on Saturday, November 2, at 12 noon, was held the monthly Council meeting, at which the following named members were present: Messrs. Brewer, Baldwin, Woodman, Hedden, Wright, Demarest, Day, Mark Andrews, Morse, Norton and El

mer.

The New England Chapter.

The services in Portland, New Bedford, and Providence have been committed to the direction of Alfred Brinkler, F. A. O., Allen W. Swan, and Arthur H. Ryder (Grace Church) respectively. These gentlemen will form local committees for the arrangements and furtherance of the movement, and will enlist the customary assistance in the services.

The service in St. Paul's (Boston) that was proposed for the autumn is postponed to January. It will have three vested choirs in combination, about 100 in all.

A service for November is in hand.

Mr. R. Huntington Woodman has accepted an invitation of the Executive Committee of this Chapter to give an organ recital in Boston. This will take place November 29. Mr. Woodman will be the guest of the Chapter.

Other recitals by resident me low.

The third public service of land Chapter was held in St. Th Taunton, Mass., on November Swan played the Prelude, whic a Pastorale by Trillat, and "V W. Parker. Tallis's Choral Ser and Iliffe's Magnificat and Nunc used. The anthem was "O Lord God," by C. Lee Williams. Nocturne, by Wheeldon, was p W. J. Clemson, and Mr. B. J. Bach's Fantasia in G-major as p service was accompanied by Shaul.

Mr. Walter J. Clemso the Chapter at his home after th

Prize Competition

Messrs. Walter J. Clemson, R. Woodman, and Samuel A. B judges, reported that twenty-f were submitted for the Clemson at the 1907 competition, upon fo favorable comments were made. decided, however, that none of sitions reached the standard set b and that no prize would be awar

The Annual Competition (190 Clemson Gold Medal (value $50

again under similar conditions this year. A prize of fifty dollars is again added by The H. W. Gray Co., Novello's Agents, and the competition thrown open to all musicians residing in the United States and Canada, whether members of the Guild or not. The conditions of the competition are as follows:

The prize will be awarded to the composer of the best Anthem submitted, provided that it is of sufficient all-round excellence. The text may be selected by the composer; but the Anthem must be of reasonable length, say from six to eight pages of the Novello octavo. The conditions of the competition are:

1. That the manuscripts, signed with a nom de plume or motto, and with the same inscription upon a sealed envelope containing the author's name and address, be sent to the Secretary not later than October 1st, 1908.

2. That the successful competition becomes the absolute property of the Guild, and shall be published by The H. W. Gray Co.

The Adjudicators will be Mr. Walter J. Clemson, Mr. R. Huntington Woodman and Mr. Samuel A. Baldwin.

JOHN HYATT BREWER,

The Fellowship Prize.

Warden.

Through the kindness of Mr. George Foster Peabody the Guild is able to offer a prize of $100, to be awarded to the one who passes the examination for Fellowship in May, 1908, with the highest average. Full particulars as to the conditions of the award will be announced early in the Spring. The purpose of this offer is to encourage and stimulate organists to undertake the thorough and many-sided preparation necessary to a high degree of attainment in their profession.

The Annual Examination.

The next examination in New York City for Fellowship and Associateship will be held at South Church, corner Thirty-eighth street and Madison avenue, at 9.00 A. M., Wednesday, May 20, 1908.

Candidates intending to take this examination should correspond with the committee in charge through the Secretary, Mr. Robert G. Weigester, 1171 Bergen Street, Brooklyn, N. Y., for all data or papers for this examina

tion. The usual fee of ten dollars in advance is charged for either Fellowship or Associate ship examination.

Committee on Examinations: R. Huntington Woodman, F. A. G. O., Chairman; Samuel A. Baldwin, F.A.G.O.; Clifford Demarest, F.A.G. O.; Robert G. Weigester, A. A. G. O., Secretary, 1171 Bergen St., Brooklyn, N. Y.

The examination for Associateship only will take place in Boston, Mass.; Philadelphia, Pa.; Pittsburg, Pa.; Chicago, Ill.: Montreal, Canada; Syracuse, N. Y., and Beloit, Wis., on Wednesday, May, 20, 1908, before specially appointed examiners in organ work only. All paper work is examined by the judges of the New York City examination, Messrs. S. P. Warren, of New York, and Dr. Horatio Parker, of Yale University.

Organ Recitals.

The first recital of the Guild Series was given by W. C. Carl on the 11th inst., the second is to be played by Frank Wright on the 18th at Grace Church, Brooklyn, and the third by Warren R. Hedden on November 25th at the Church of the Incarnation, New York. Widor's Sixth Symphony will be on the programme. An amended list of these recitals will be published in our next number.

Clef Club Discusses Church Music.

At the first meeting for this season of the Clef Club of New York, held at the Hotel St. Andrew, the topic, "What is the future of church music in The this country?" evoked a lively discussion. subject came before the club unexpectedly, being contributed to an impromptu "Question Box," but several of the members present advanced very definite ideas upon the subject, which held the attention of the meeting for more than an hour. J. Christopher Marks, J. Warren Andrews, Louis Arthur Russell, Frank H. Shepard, H. Brooks Day and Alex McGuirk, all prominent organists and choir directors, and Dr. Edward Blitz, spoke at some length. It was pointed out that several American composers are now writing music for the church and that the better class of English compositions are being used more and more in our churches. An interesting phase of the discussion was the championship of the Gregorian chants for church use by Dr. Blitz and Mr. McGuirk. The other speakers, while questioning the practical value of the Gregorian_tones for modern church use (outside of the Catholic denomination), acknowledged their usefulness as models upon which to build a modern musical service.

November 19 the Clef Club will have a "smoker," to which a large number of non-members will be invited. The Clef Club is the oldest organization in New York devoted to the promotion of good fellowship and the advancement of pedagogic standards among musicians, and its membership roll bears many distinguished names.

Choral Societies.

The

The Apollo Musical Club, of Chicago, Ill., Harrison M. Wild, conductor, announces the following programme for its 36th season: "The Messiah," December 25 and 27; Pierne's "The Children's Crusade," February 17 and 18; and Bach's "St. Matthew's Passion," April 13 and 14. soloists for the Christmas concerts will be Miss Sybil Sammis, soprano; Miss Christine Miller, contralto; Reed Miller, tenor, and Arthur Middleton, bass. For the second pair of concerts Mrs. Viola Waterhouse, soprano; Miss Harriet Cropper, contralto; Frank Ormsby, tenor, and Gustav Holmquist, bass, have been engaged._For the "St. Matthew's Passion," Mrs. Shanna Cumming, soprano; Miss Janet Spencer, contralto; Nicholas Douty, tenor, and Herbert Witherspoon, bass. The club will also be assisted by Arthur Dunham, organist, and the Theodore Thomas Orchestra.

The Yonkers Choral Society, Will C. Macfarlane, conductor, is rehearsing Elgar's "King Olaf," which will be performed late in December. The Society numbers 120 voices, and the present is its twelfth season. It is planned to give three concerts this season.

The Handel and Haydn Society of Boston, Mass., Emil Mollenhauer, conductor, will give a miscellaneous concert, including Mendelssohn's "The First Walpurgis Night," on November 17, in Symphony Hall, Boston, Mass. The soloists will be Miss Harriet E. Barrows, soprano; Mrs. Isabelle Bouton, contralto; George Hamlin, tenor, and Emilio De Gogorza, baritone. The season's work of this Society also includes "The Messiah," December 22 and 25; Verdi's Requiem, February 23, and "Samson and Delilah," on Easter Sunday, April 19.

The Philharmonic Society, of Tarrytown, N. Y., Alfred Hallam, conductor, announces two concerts for its sixth season. The first concert will be given in the Baptist Church on December 13, and will be a miscellaneous one, including Saint-Saens's Christmas oratorio, "Noel." The second concert will be given on March 27 in the Music Hall, and Cowen's "Rose Maiden" will be performed.

The New York Festival Chorus, under the direction of Tali Esen Morgan, performed Gaul's "Holy City" on October 27 in Carnegie Hall, this city. The soloists were Mrs. Beatrice Fine, soprano; Mrs. M. Perry Mac Bride, contralto; W. R. Wheeler, tenor, and Percy Hemus, baritone.

The Hornell Choral Society, of Hornell, N. Y., of which Angelo M. Read is conductor, is now rehearsing for Haydn's "Creation" and Mendelssohn's "Elijah." The Society consists of 250 mixed voices.

The Westminster Choral Society, of Buffalo, N. Y., Angelo M. Read, conductor, will give two concerts this season. Gaul's "Holy City" will be given at the first, and the second will be devoted to miscellaneous part songs.

The Duluth Oratorio Society, of which Horace W. Reyner is the conductor, will give the "Messiah" on December 20, with Shanna Cumming, soprano Bertha Cushing Child, contralto; John Barnes Wells, tenor; Henri G. Scott, bass, and the Minneapolis Orchestra. For the annual Festival in May next Sullivan's "Golden Legend," Hamish McCown's "Wreck of the Hesperus," Grieg's "Olaf Trygvason," and Benoit's "Into the World."

The Choral Society of Philadelphia Pa., Henry Gordon Thunder, conductor, will give two sub

scription concerts and a popular concert at the Academy of Music, Philadelphia, Pa. Bruch's "Odysseus" will be performed on January 2 with the following soloists: Sara R. Jones, soprano; Janet Spencer, contralto; Edwin Van Leer, tenor; David Bispham, baritone, and Henry Hotz, bass. On April 30 the Society will perform Bach's Mass in B-minor, with Corinne Rider-Kelsey, soprano; Gertrude May Stein, contralto; Edward Johnson, tenor, and Henri G. Scott, bass. The popular concert will be given on December 30, 1907, when the "Messiah" will be performed, with the following soloists: Mary Hissem De Moss, soprano; Mrs. Florence Hendler James, contralto; Nicholas Douty, tenor, and Herbert Witherspoon, bass. The Philadelphia Orchestra will assist at all the concerts.

Church News.

Leopold Stokovski, organist of St. Bartholomew's Church, this city, is giving an interesting series of organ recitals every Sunday afternoon, immediately after the Evensong service at four o'clock. The choir of St. Bartholomew's is in excellent condition, and the weekly service list includes the more important choral works that cannot be sung by the ordinary church choir. The morning service begins at eleven, and Evensong at four, after which follows the organ recital.

At the First Baptist Church, Commonwealth avenue, Boston, there are to be presented this coming winter the following oratorios: "Hymn of Praise," "St. Paul," "Elijah," Mendelssohn; "Redemption," "Gallia" and "St. Cecilia" Mass, Gounod; "Messiah," Handel; "Holy City," Gaul; "Daughter of Jairus," Stainer; "Stabat Mater," Rossini; Requiem Mass, Verdi; "Stabat Mater," Dvorak; "Creation," Haydn. Each work is to be repeated. These services begin November 10 and end April 19. As in the past, the quartet will be assisted by twenty professional singers in the chorus. Mr. James D. D. Comey is organist and choirmaster.

The service lists for October at the Second Congregational Church, Holyoke, Mass., of which William C. Hammond is organist and choirmaster, included the following anthems: "The woods and every sweet smelling tree," John E. West; "The Lord is my Light," Shackley; Buck's "Sing unto the Lord," Gilchrist's "The day is sinking to a close"; "My soul doth magnify," Blumenshein; Woodman's "The earth, O God, Thou visitest," and Franz's "Bread of the world in mercy broken." Gaul's "Ruth" was sung by the choir on October 27.

The new Austin organ recently erected in the Memorial Presbyterian Church, Brooklyn, N. Y., of which S. Lewis Elmer is organist and choirmaster, was formally dedicated on October 20 at the morning and evening services. The anthems were Bach's "My heart ever faithful," Whitfield's "O Praise God in His holiness," Gounod's "Glory to Thee, my God, this night," and Warren's "Inspirer and Hearer of prayer." Mr. Elmer played the following organ numbers: Handel's March from Overture to the Occasional Oratorio. The soloists at the church are Miss M. L. Githens, soprano; Miss Grace L. Hornby, contralto; George Oscar Bowen, tenor, and Perry Averill, baritone.

Gaul's "Holy City" was performed recently at the Washington Square Church, this city, of which Charles Bigelow Ford is organist and choirmaster. The choir was assisted by Miss Henrietta Harris, soprano; Mrs. J. C. Turren