The marriages of the Prince Ferdinand 7th and I doubt that the source of this extraordinary river the infante Don Carlos, with the second and third will not much longer remain a secret. daughters of the prince of the Brazils, are now placed beyond doubt by an official communication laid before the council of Castile.

The ports of Martinique are to be partially shut In the action between the frigates Chesapeake against foreign vessels, after the 16th of May next. That island is held by the British for the French, till the latter can send out troops to occupy it.

and Shannon.

Louisville, April 8. Arrived on the 5th inst. the steam-boat Dispatch -left N. Orleans on the 2d and Natchez on the 13th ult.

OBSTRUCTION OF THE STEAM NAVIGATION OF THE
MISSISSIPPI.

The circumstances of this flagrant interruption of the Steam Navigation, on the greatest highway of the western country, are, from the most careful enquiries that we have made, briefly these: Capt. Brue, of the steam-boat Dispatch, from Pittsburgh, whose machinery is quite distinct from that of Messrs. Fulton & Livingston, has been prohibited taking any return cargo from N. Orleans, under penalty of prosecution by Mr. E. Livingston, of that place, on a law of Louisiana. The sugar, we understand, was on the levee for his freight, and yet, a citizen of these United States, has been most vexatiously deterred from participating in the common trade of the country, to his private loss of 14 or 1500 dollars. The pretended authority under which these high-handed measures have been taken, is set forth in a writing signed by Mr. Livingston, and given to Capt. Bruce, calling himself the assignee of Fulton and Livingston's exclusive right to navigate the Mississippi, and its waters, by steam so far as respects the navigation from New-Orleans, to and up the Red River. In this writing, Mr. Livingston graciously "permits" Capt. Bruce, at his request, proceed out of the limits of this state, (Louisiana) "without incurring any penalty for the breach of said exclusive privilege. We have neither time nor room, to dilate on this otrageous monopoly of the inestimable steam navigation of the most important parts of the western waters-the road to the principal market.

to

PUBLIC MEETING.

ting with spring teeth, which act in the teeth of the rack wheel on one side, and trail easy on the other.

Savannah, April 13.

On thursday last the Steam Boat ENTERPRIZE, left her moorings, bound to Augusta, with freight and passengers. She got under way at half past three o'clock, in a very handsome manner, and fifteen minutes was out of sight. The departure of this boat has excited a lively interest here, and has opened prospects of trade and prosperity to the towns of Savannah and Augusta, and the state of Georgia in general. Much praise is due to the proprietors of the Enterprize for their great industry, activity and vigilance. May success crown their exertions.

|

TO THE EDITOR OF THE OHIO REPUBLICAN,

Piqua, March 30, 1816. SIR-I will thank you to insert in a conspicu ous part of the Republican, the following documents; and I request printers whose papers cir

is urgently requested, at 3 o'clock this day, at the Union Hall, on the subject of the late prohibition of the navigation of the Mississippi, by Steam-Boats, not belonging to Fulton and Livingston.

A meeting of the citizens of Jefferson county,culate near the frontiers, and in the territories, to publish them for the satisfaction and information of those concerned.

JOHN JOHNSTON, Indian Agent.
Department of War, March 2, 1816.

SIR-I enclose you an extract from the instructions which have been given to the officer commanding military department No. 5, and you are directed to make application to him for any miliintary force that may be necessary to remove such intruders on the lands of the Indians within your Agency as have not complied with the proclamation of the president of the 12th December last. I have the honor to be, with respect, Your obedient servant, WILLIAM H. CRAWFORD.

}

JOHN JOHNSTON, Esq. Indian Agent, Piqua, Ohio. Extract of a letter from William H. Crawford, secretary of War to Major General M'Comb, commanding military department No. 5, dated 27th January, 1816.

STEAM ENGINES.

Mr. William Willis, of New Bedford, Mass. we are informed, has discovered a new mode of constructing Steam Engines, by having the steam cylinders and steam pipes enclosed in the boiler, and the steam cocks worked by wires, which lead out of the boiler through small basins of oil. He has also discovered a mode of placing the steam cy-of any Indian agent, stating that intrusions of this linders horizontally, and working rack wheels, ei- nature have been committed and are continued, ther with steam altogether, or by making use of the president requires, that they shall be removed, the pressure of the atmosphere, in the common and their houses and improvements destroyed by mode. He has also discovered a new mode of com- military force, and that every attempt to return, municating the rotary motion direct by racks, fit- {| shall be repressed in the same manner."

"Intsion upon lands of the friendly Indian tribes, is not only a violation of the laws, but in direct opposition to the policy of the government towards its savage neighbors. Upon application

NO. 10. VOL. 1.]

WASHINGTON, SATURDAY, MAY 4, 1816.

PUBLISHED WEEKLY, BY JOEL K. MEAD, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.

DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES.

We are indebted for the following communication on the manufacture of cotton to a gentleman of the first respectability in Baltimore, whose situation has afforded him an opportunity of viewing the subject of domestic manufactures, as connected with the best interest of the United States, in no small extent; to whom we return our thanks. We have also received from another gentleman a succinct account of the several manufactures in the vicinage of Baltimore, which we intend to publish shortly. In the mean time we would thank any gentleman to communicate to us such facts, in his possession, as will enable us to give a correct account of the rise, progress and present extent of the several manufactures in that neigh-at

bourhood.—We do not wish this information confined to cotton, but to extend to all other manufactures. We also respectfully invite communications on like subjects from gentlemen in every part of our widely extended country, to which we shall pay prompt attention.

For the National Register.

The rapid progress of domestic manufactures, within a few years, in woolen and cotton goods is astonishing. The American patriot will view it

* For an account of the increase of our cotton

of

manufactures see the report of the committee
commerce and manufactures, published in our 4th
number, page 50, by which it appears that in the
short space of fifteen years they have increased
from 500 to 90,000 bales per annum. The relative
proportion between the two extremes is as one to
180. In the first five years, from 1800 to 1995,
when commerce was unrestricted, the increase
was as one to two; in the next five years, from
1805 to 1810, when commerce was interrupted by
Embargo, the inc
increase was as one to ten-from
1810 to 1815, including a period of war of two
years and eight months, it was as one to nine.
is there stated that a capital of forty millions of
dollars are now vested, which give en ployment to
sixty-six thousand women and female children;
and twenty-four thousand boys, under seventeen
years of age. These 90,000 persons are put into
employment, and become useful members of the
community.

It

[WHOLE NO. 10.

with interest and delight, as the surest means of enriching the country and securing its independence, when the manufacture of these indispensible articles of clothing shall have extended in a degree equal to the demand for home consump

tion.

It has been stated to one of the committees of congress, during the present session, that there are five hundred thousand spindles in the United States, employed in spinning cotton. I do not recollect that the number employed in wool has been mentioned-but it must be considerable.

Cloths and kerseymires of domestic fabric, and superior quality, are to be met with in almost every store throughout the country, for sale at prices

least as cheap as those of like quality imported from abroad. The government appears disposed to afford protection to these establishments, and it may be hoped that a full supply of woolen and cotton goods may, at no remote period, be derived from our own looms. The best informed on this subject are of opinion, that under complete protection from foreign competition, four or five years would be sufficient to enable our manufacturers to meet fully the home demand; and that this might be done without any sensible subduction from the labour of the field, as the work is performed in a great measure by machinery, and the labour of women and children.

manufactories 71,026 yards, making an aggregate of nine million, five hundred and ninety-nine thousand, two hundred and ninety-two yards.

From the official returns made in that year there were 431 full blooded merino, 6,133 mixed sheep-in all 1,584,652. But the returns of sheep blood, 759 broad tailed, and 726,330 common are only from five states and one territory, and turn of sheep whatever was made from the state very imperfect from those, for instance: no reed in families in that state yards of woollen cloth in one year nor was there any return of merinos from Connecticut, although from the flock of general Humphrey's alone many thousands had been derived. "It is believed from

state no less than 3,257,812

the facts stated, and considerations suggested on the subject of wool," says Mr. Cox that "the supply of 1812 does not fall short of twenty to twentytwo millions of pounds. Not only have sheep been multiplied, but their fleeces have been increased in weight and much better preserved. A very few years must increase our wool to forty,

For some account of our woollen manufactures see Coxe's statistical tables of the manufactures

of the United States, published under anthority
from the secretary of the It
stated that in fourteên states and three territories/
in 1810, the only ones from which returns were

ty

of woollens must take place-for it is not or sixty millions of pounds, when the expordoubted that our house-wives, other manufactures and machinery will continue (as they have for

made, there were manufactured in families 9,528, many years) to make up all the wool our sheep 266 yards of woollen cloth, and in twenty-four K

will yield."

[Ed.

VOL. I.

Our country abounds with the raw materials for || have furnished our own supplies of woollen and these manufactures; machinery to a considerable cotton goods, principally by the aid of machinery, extent is already employed on them; and consi- and the labor of women and children. This would derable knowledge of the subject has been acquir. have amounted to about thirty millions of dollars; ed by many of our citizens. and would have been a nett saving to the country It is probable that about thirty millions of dol-" to that amount; no other branch of our industry lars is annually imported into the United States, would have suffered by it-nothing would have in woollen and cotton fabrics; now if these articles been given in exchange for it-it would have arisen from the use of machinery, and brought inwere made in this Country it would produce the to action a species of labor, hitherto in a great most beneficial results. A saving of at least thirmeasure without object, and without employ.ty millions of dollars annually, from the use of machinery, and the labor of women and children, By this course we should have avoided the expense of $30,000,000 in the cost of goods purchas and agriculture or commerce would not be inteed from foreign nations, and consequently have left rupted or diminished by it. It is said that in the the exports of the year to that amount less incumSteam Works in Baltimore, belonging to Messrs. bered. In this event, having thirty millions less to Robert & Alexander McKim, where 100 persons pay abroad, instead of a balance of seventeen due are employed in carding and spinning cotton, abroad, beyond the entire product of our surplus there is but one man employed, about fifteen produce, we should have had a balance due ús from ́ women, and eighty or ninety female children, abroad, probably of twenty six millions of dollars, from 8 to 12 or 13 years of age. These I am for the excess of our exports over our imports ;informed manufacture about 275 bales of raw and instead of a drain of specie, we would have cotton in the year, avaraging three hundred had an influx of the precious metals; and our pounds per bale, making an aggregate of 82,500 || paper medium thereby supported in credit and pounds, or 825 pounds, each. Great benefit || usefulness.

would result from having the capital thus em- In the course we pursued, we lost by the last ployed at home-our citizens would receive the year's industry, seventeen millions of dollars.price of these supplies; and, after they are paid || By manufacturing our own supplies of woollen and for, the money would still be in the country, pass-cotton goods we would have gained twenty six ing from hand to hand, diffusing life and activity millions. The difference then between loosing through every branch of our industry; and seventeen millions, and gaining twenty six milwhat is still more important, it would stop that || lions, is forty three millions of dollars, gained by drain of specie from the country, that has destroy-manufacturing these supplies, without taking ined our circulating medium. to account the benefit that would result to the country, from distributing thirty millions of dollars among our own citizens for these supplies, instead of sending it to foreign nations.

The sums here taken, excepting the unfavorable balance on the last years trade, are conjectural, and the difference, in favor of manufacturing our supplies, may be overrated: but if it should vt, It would make a most important change in the circumstances of the country.

-- བཟས འའཐབ ས ལ པས་

ww

A treasury report to Congress, at the present session, shews an excess of imports beyond the amount of our entire exports for the last year, of upwards of seventeen millions of Dollars; our specie, as far as it could be procured, has been sent

out of the country to discharge the balance due abroad, this has destroyed our medium of trade deranged every Kill of pusmess-and leaves the industry of the present year, mortgaged for the debts of the past-to the amount of seventeen millions of dollars. It is a fatal error, to purchase from foreign nations, more than we have to sell to them, it is sure to involve the country in poverty and distress; and a country that has no guards against this evil, leaves its destiny at the disposal of its worst enemies. Such has been our case, but Congress has now taken up the subject, and a remedy may be hoped for.

If manufacturing had been encouraged at home, by wholesome restraints on the importation of foreign fabrics, our situation for the last year, would probably have been nearly as follows: We should

It may be objected to this scheme of manufac turing our supplies, that it cannot be carried into effect without measures nearly equal to an exclusion of foreign goods of the kinds to be manufactured at home; and in that event the manufacturer would extort unreasonable prices. This is an objection in some measure well founded, but it ought not to go for more than it is worth; and allowing to it its greatest weight, it is not an insuperable objection; we must either manufacture our clothing, or procure it from other countries; and in either case this objection will meet us, but with more than double force, if we rely on

VOL. I.]

foreign countries for necessary supplies. Whenever commerce is disturbed by war, the price of goods imported from abroad will be enhanced; we have seen them at three or four times their usual price, for years together, from this cause; and as often as our commerce on the ocean shall be disturbed by war, this evil will recur, if we continue to rely on foreign supplies: but if we manufacture for ourselves, it can happen but once. When manufactories are established in extent equal to the supply of our wants, the evil will cease, and cannot recur; a competition for the market will keep the prices moderate, so that whatever force there may be in this objection, it bears much more powerfully against relying on foreign countries for supplies, than against mak-the money paid for them; but when all circumstances are considered, it is believed we are paying them at home. ing very dearly for this nominal cheapness.

and power which has accrued to the nation from it. We have been much inclined to follow the footsteps of that nation, in many branches of her internal policy; and why we should differ from her in this particular, is not easy to be accounted for, or reconciled with the public interest of the coun. try. A nation does not prosper so much by buying cheap bargains, as by selling much and buying little; and a nation that continues to buy more than it sells, although it gets great bargains in all it buys, will soon be involved in misery and distress. This is mentioned to rebut an argument in favor of unrestrained importations founded on the idea of the country procuring cheap supplies-supplies are now cheap, if we regard only

It will also be objected that the measures necessary to the introduction of home manufactures, would lead to smuggling, and destroy the morals of our people. This two has some weight, it lies also against ali duties and restrictions on imports for the support of the treasury: but shall this objection be allowed to deprive the nation of an annual benefit of forty three millions of lars? The individual that would allow it such weight, in the management of his private concerns, would be thought a fit tenant for a madhouse. Many other objections of some weight might be offered against manufacturing our supplies of clothing at home. But when put in competition with the benefit to be derived from it, by the nation, and by individuals, they will deserve

but little consideration.

TARIFF OF THE UNITED STATES.

AN ACT to regulate the duties on Imports and
Tonnage.

Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Repredol-sentatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, That from and after the thirtieth day of June, one thousand eight hundred & sixteen, the duties heretofore laid by law, on goods, wares, and merchandise, imported into the United States, shall cease and determine, and there shall be levied, and collected, and paid, the several duties hereinafter mentioned, that is to say:

First. A duty of seven and a half per centum ad valorem, on all dying drugs and materials for composing dyes, not subject to other rates of duty; gum arabic, gum senegal, salt petre, jewelry, gold, silver, and other watches, and parts of watches, gold and silver lace, embroidery, and epaulettes; precious stones and pearls of all kinds, set or not set; bristol stones or paste work, and all articles composed wholly or chiefly of gold, silver, pearl, and precious stones; and laces, lace veils, lace shawls, or shades of thread or silk.

Second. A duty of fifteen per centum ad valorem, on gold leaf, and on all articles not free, and not subject to any other rate of duty.

Third. A duty of twenty-five per centum ad valorem on hempen cloth or sail cloth, (except Russian and German linens, Russia and Holland duck) stockings of woo!, or cotton, printing types, all pro-articles manufactured from brass, copper, iron, steel, pewter, lead or tim, or of which these metals, or either of them, is the material of chief value, brass wire, cutlery, pins, needles, buttons, button moulds, and buckles of all kinds, gilt, plated and japanned wares of all kinds, cannon, muskets, firearms and side. arms; Prussian blue, china ware, earthen ware, stone ware, porcelain and glass manuse,ufactures, other than window glass and black glass quart bottles.

It would be a most desirable object, if some eligible mode could be adopted, of keeping our imports within the amount of our exports, or of extending our exports, so as fairly to contravail our imports. Without this we will always be subject to occasional drawing of specie, that will render our circulating medium fluctuating and insecure; and no mode appears more likely to secure this object, than such measures as will insure the manufacture of a considerable portion of our supplies at home. On this subject we bably might borrow principles of action from England with advantage-the leading maxim of her internal policy is, to permit the consumption of nothing in the country, that she can make at home, or do without. So strictly has she adhered to this principle, that she will not permit the even of foreign bread stuffs, until the price has Fourth. A duty of twenty-five per centum ad varisen to a point that threatens starvation. But lorem, on woolen manufactures of all descriptions, or of which wool is the material of chief value; exshe encourages exportation and manufacturers to the utmost extent in her power, by bounties, draw-ceping blankets, woolen rugs and worsted or stuff backs and debentures; and the wisdom of this goods, shall be levied, collected and paid, from and course is evinced by the increase of that wealth after the thirtieth day of June next, until the thir