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of the jury in his sincerity, more than if he had gained the point in contention. At another time, while he was encountering before the jury, an ar

graceful; because he never thought of themthe audience never considered his gestures-they were too intent upon his words. His power over the passions of his hearers was never exerted, un-gument advanced by the adverse council, he was 'til he arrived at the proper point; he in the first told by one of the judges, that it was unnecessaplace enchained all their attention; made them ry to dwell on that point, any longer. Dexter familiar with the subject, and carried them along thus improved to his own purpose this equivocal by such easy and imperceptible stages, that they opinion, "Gentlemen of the jury (said he) I was would find all their sympathies enlisted in his combatting the argument of my brother B. upon cause, while they firmly believed, that nothing this point-the court say that there is nothing in but their reason had been consulted-a great and it, and I will now proceed to the next, unless the commanding mind was operating like the princi-court will take the business out of my hands at ple of vegetation unseen. once, and declare that all the arguments of the

Mr.

We can but express our regret for the loss of gentleman are equally unworthy of an answer. such aman; indeed he was no common charac-| Thus whether the opinion of the judge was adter. In private life he was beloved and respect-verse or propitious, Dexter was equally safe. His ed; and when he could condescend to familiar luminous and compendions mode of explanation is coloquy, he illuminated and adorned the sub- evident from this circumstance; his confederate ject in debate. He was then deep and sagacious, counsel had occupied the court for nearly 2 hours or playful and sprightly, as the occasion demand-in stating and enforcing the grounds of his motion. ed, turning and veering with the question under The council on the other side declared, and with discussion. His literary taste was pure and se- apparent sincerity, that with the strictest atten verely chaste; his character presented nothing of tion, he was unable to comprehend the points those bold projections, calculated to excite mo- which he was called upon to answer. He was mentary admiration; it formed a permanent proceeding in this rigmarole manner, when he whole. When literary embellishment would was interrupted by Dexter with these words, Why adorn or illustrate a dry question of law, it seemwe say that if the declaration contains ed formed for no other purpose: it was applied any thing not stated in the policy-that this objecwith so much facility, it appeared to be forgotten || tion is fatal: We say, on the other hand, that if by the speaker at the very moment of utterance. the policy contains any thing not stated in the deWe are sensible that bon mots do not seem to be- claration, that that also is fatal. With such ease come the gravity of the present subject, and if would he comprehend all the points of an arguthey were introduced for any other purpose than ment, and so familiarly place them in the full for the illustration of character, they should be view of his antagonist. After he had laboured avoided. He was once a candidate for congress, with all his strength to convince a jury in a very and lost his election. Another candidate, and a important cause, they returned an unfavourable member of his own party from another state, was verdict. Well, Mr. Dexter, what think you of equally unsuccessful. These two lawyers met be- this verdict? inquired a lawyer, who was sitting fore the circuit court, when the following conver- by his side. Blackstone may say what he pleases sation ensued. Brother D. (said his compatriot (replied Dexter, stretching himself leisurely, at in misfortune) I am not at all astonished at the full length) about the blessings of a jury: in my loss of my election: but how in the name of won- opinion (he continued) the old form, the wager of der came you to be dismissed from public confi- battle is the shortest and the best mode of deciddence! Brother B. (replied Dexter) the devil ing the controversy! Being once engaged in an rides circuit-he has been in R- ————, and || altercation with a gentleman of the bar, on a point is now taking the tour of Massachusetts. After of law, this gentleman urged the decision of the a long and exhausting argument, to persuade the court of his native State, as favourable to his concourt to reject a certain paper from passing in evi-struction of the law. Do you produce that decidence to the jury, he found by a slight intimation || sion (enquired Dexter) as a proof that you are from one of the judges, that the opinion was against him; when as if suddenly recollecting himself, he enquired if the paper contained such and such expressions, repeating them. He was informed that it did: then (said this subtle lawyer) I abandon the point at once; for I never will contend for a principle which I know is not law. By this ingenious retreat, he increased the confidence

wrong, or that you are right? It is a decision in favour of my interpretation of the law: I have adopted one rule, by which I have been able to anticipate the decision of your court of jus. tice, and I have found it infallible: the rule is this; from a fair impartial consideration of all the parts and arguments of the case, I form my own opinion how the decision ought to be; I then go

directly contrary to that opinion and I have al- it wrought upon our senses. He displayed no unways hitherto been able to anticipate the judg-natural warmth; there was no rising above, or ment of a court of justice.

falling below the subject; no turbulent violence of manner. He enchained our reasoning faculties in the first instance and then, with those powerful auxiliaries, he approached the heart that seemed when so assaulted, to surrender at discretion.His language was remarkable for its elegant and perspicuous simplicity, over which his slow and deliberate enunciation gave him an absolute com

mand.

The following elegant tribute to patriotism, worth, and real talents as congregated in the late Samuel Dexter, appeared in the Federal Republican and Baltimore Telegraph, and is, we preWhatever the subject was, he always had the sume, the production of Paul Allen, Esq. a gen-happy address to persuade his audience that they tleman of taste, sensibility and liberality. We were perfectly at home. We now recollect one say liberality, for it will be recollected, that Mr. anecdote that will serve to explain the peculiar Allen and Mr. Dexter were political opponents; council had persuaded the jury again and again character of the orator's eloquence. The adverse and whilst the latter was on the political stage of to be upon their guard against the artful wiles of action, an apparent hostility existed, naturally his antagonist, and Mr. Dexter rose in reply under growing out of the zeal each felt in the cause he cited. He began by informing the jury that he all the disadvantages which those suspicions exhad no pretensions to eloquence. They would

was engaged to support, but as soon as the contest was over, all the feelings of opposition vanish-find him, he said, a plain man, incapable, even if ed, and their place was immediately supplied by those of good will and respect. This is a mark of a good and liberal mind; and thus far, and no farther, we are disposed to believe, is the spirit of political hostility carried in this country, (with few exceptions,) the opinion of foreigners to the contrary notwithstanding.

We received by the mail of yesterday, the melancholy intelligence of the death of the Hon. SAMUEL DEXTER, the democratic candidate for the office of governor of Massachusetts The sudden departure of a man who "filled so large a share in his country's eye," is calculated to admonish us how comparatively trifling are the honors of this world, when set in opposition to that awful change that awaits us in the midst of this turbutent career. He is now removed from the dusty region of political contest, alike insensible to censure or to panegyric.

he had the wish, to impose on their judgments, and the apparent sincerity and simplicity of his manner won the confidence of the jury. After this preparatory lodgement was made in their feelings, the wiley orator poured all the strength of his mind through that subtle channel, and the arguments, the eloquence, and the case of his opponent were gone, before the jury were sensible of the change themselves. Every man of the jury rose from his seat with à firm conviction that Dexter was not an orator, for he had the consummate art to persuade them that he was not, and they discredited, utterly discredited, the evidence of their own senses.

He never snatched a verdict from the hands of the jury; it was tendered to his acceptance. Another prominent point in his eloquence was, that he could either adopt a close, or wide range of argument, as suited his purpose. If a precedent was favourable to the cause of his client it possessed a sort of sanctity not to be approached The eloquence of this eminent orator possessed and of right, and the jury were warned not to without awe; it was the safe-guard of property a native, and to us an irresistable charm. It was an eloquence modelled on the subject which he touch the consecrated land-mark. If the prece had undertaken to illustrate, explain or to endent was unfavorable; then the reason of the force. thing came in play; general principles were urgWhere cool, dispassionate and luminous argued with all the force of his eloquence, to which ment was required, the orator was cool, dispassion- this solitary precedent was hostile, this stain on ate and luminous. He arrested attention in the the escutcheon of justice which the jury were first place by his calm and collected manner, and implored to wipe away. The mind of Dexter having once taken us captive by his powerful brous metaphors; if illustration was required, the never flagged under a mass of unwieldly and cumspells, he led us through all the intricate mazes of his argument, with so familiar a hand, that he metaphor arose, suddenly sparkled upon us and seemed rather to follow us, than to be the guide vanished. There was no exhibition of the brilof our footsteps; whenever pathos was required, beam that flashed direct upon the subject; and liant in different lights-the orator caught the our bosoms were taken by storm before we were apprized of the assault. Recovering from this while we gazed, the lustre was gone. His sarpowerful shock, we found ourselves accompany-casms were full to the point, compendious and ing this enchanter on the plain even ground of terrible; the wound was reeking before we saw argument again, who seemed to be utterly unconthe glitter of the sword. scious of the might which he had so recently put forth, or more properly to persuade us that he The following remarks upon the importance of himself had no agency in all this transaction. He regulating our foreign commerce and manufac made his audience believe while he chained themturing our own supplies we extract from the Bosto their seats, that he was no orator; that it was ton Chronicle. We are happy to see the public not the orator but the client who was telling a journals manifesting a zeal for our own country, "plain and an unvarnished tale." While we saw by calling off our attention to foreign nations, and and felt, and breathed the atmosphere of his genius, directing it to home concerns. It is quite time we were insensible of it, but by the effects which this nation, whose resources are equal to any

in the

world, should begin to learn to depend upon her- diate purposes, (in proportion to the trade we self. It will, no doubt, take some time to change have adopted) it is imposible the supply should the channel of our mercantile enterprize, while so be obtained from these sources. We will venture many foreign factors, and commercial agents are to say, that no commercial country has shipped amongst us; but, in the ordinary course of events, such large sums of solid coin to furnish a capital we think a change must take place, and the soon- for foreign trade, as the United States. We reer it is effected the better for this country. It re- lieved the exchequer of England from their hard quires no great sagacity to perceive a jealousy, money embarrassments, with a premium on our We loaded our vesand deeprooted hostility, in manufacturing nations part from 15 to 20 per cent. abroad, to our improvements in machinery and sels with dollars, when the British ministry had domestic fabrics. Witness the circumstance of scarcely a guinea to pay their allies, or to subsi Ralph Kinder of Liverpool, England, who has dize the powers whom they had hired to fight lately been convicted of shipping on board the their battles. Can it be thought then a matter of Latona, for America, divers articles used in the surprize amidst such a variety of imprudencies, cotton and silk manufactories, and sentenced to that the currency of the country has become inpay a fine of 2001, equal to $888, 88 and to be adequate to our present exigencies? Can hard imprisoned 12 months. If other proof be wanting money be had from sources which have been exof their hostility to our manufacturing improve-hausted by previous gleanings? If millions have ments it may be found in many of their munici- already been shipped to England, and millions pal regulations. Their practice of prohibiting the to India, how can we expect that a channel should consumption of foreign manufactured articles be opened to restore the equilibrium through the within the country, and the emigration of man- course of trade since pursued? We have goods in facturers and artisans, and also the exportation of superabundance to furnish all our wants, and possuch instruments as may aid our improvement,sibly an amount ten times greater than we have remay be good national policy, but we think it nar-mitted for the payment. Anticipations at the row and illiberal, as it regards the human race. Bank have probably been made by notes at market, With equal propriety might we exclude British and when the circumstances of the Bank call for an and all other agents from vending, in this country, immediate payment of at least 25 per cent. the any article of foreign growth or manufactures; difficulties which ensue are not to be wondered and in the present state of the world, we are not at. The Bank institutions have been thought raquite certain but it would be a salutary regulation.dical reliefs from such embarrassments-but they The duties established by the late tariff we hope will have a tendency to bring into fashion articles of domestic growth. Our females, who have evinced an enthusiastic zeal for our national Jiberty and independence, by furnishing articles of comfort and elegance to our soldiers, during || the late war, wrought by their own hands, will, we believe, continue to exert their influence in support of our national independence, by appearing in domestic garbs, the fruit of their own industry; which, we think, will add a brighter lustre to their native charms than the finer but flimsy fabrics of Europe or Asia.

operate quite the reverse from such expecta||tions.-They serve rather as lures to entice us to try the experiment, and when they fail they be come engines of distress and perplexity.

What then is to be done? This is a question which involves in it the most important considerations. Can the exports of our solid coin to India, furnish us with a supply of specie currency which is now so loudly called for? We have exchanged our money for articles which are not necessary to our wants, either as a commercial, agricultural or manufacturing nation. We have sent away that article which of all others is now most wanted. We have millions of dollars in nominal value, of HARD MONEY, AND “PUBLIC UTILITY." foreign goods, but a small proportion of this imThe recent pecuniary difficulties in which our mense sum to pay for them. We purchased manmercantile affairs are involved, cannot but excite|ufactures with vessels freighted with silver, and unpleasant feelings, as they will produce events, when they arrive, the specie sent to procure them, greatly disastrous to the individuals who may be is double the real value to the very merchant who within their destructive vortex. But reflecting imported them! But admitting, that the indiviminds might long since have anticipated these dual makes a large profit, yet the community at troubles, from the excessive zeal which urged large is suffering under the pressure which an exmany after the war to renew their commercial con- haustment of hard money brings upon every other nections in Europe and India. Caution and deli- class of citizens. The manufacturer is distressed; beration are the principal ingredients which com- the merchant is cut off from any temporary assist. pose a well regulated commerce. The circum- ance from the Banks; and the farmer is unable to stances of the war have led many to make impor- dispose of his produce, from a deficiency of curren tations, vastly beyond what the real necessity of cy which prevails in every commercial connection. the country required. Importations from Eng- The great object now to be pursued is, the encouland have glutted our markets, and the importer ragement of DOMESTIC MANUFACTURES. By pursu has brought a burthen upon himself, which ouring this system, we may restore our currency, and pecuniary situation cannot readily remove. The keep our money within ourselves. It cannot be state of the Banks is at present peculiarly derang-necessary to furnish articles from abroad, which ed, from an excess of exportation of currency, to India and elsewhere. It could not be expected that the solid coin could have been restored, within the short period since we shipped to England millions of hard currency, and in addition to which, millions have been called for to furnish cargoes to India, The Banks have been exhausted, and when discounts are to be made to answer imme

we can more readily produce at home. Instead of sending our dollars on a long and hazardous voyage to procure manufactures, we can employ them much better in our own country, and thereby give vigor and encouragement to our enterprizing and industrious citizens. Let a cargo of India Cottons be opened at the "Long Rooms on India-Wharf," and exposed to sale; at the same time exhibit the

William Jones, Stephen Girard, Pierce Butler, of the city of Philadelphia.

James A. Buchanan, of the city of Baltimore. John Jacob Astor, of the city of New-York. The president has appointed the following named commissioners, to superintend the subscriptions towards constituting the capital of the Bank of the U. States.

1. At Philadelphia, in Pennsylvania.—William Jones, Stephen Girard, Thomas M. Willing, Thomas Leiper, Cadwallader Evans, jun.

2. At Portland, in Maine.-Thomas C. Thornton, Asa Clapp, Nathaniel Gilman.`

3. At Portsmouth, in New Hampshire.-John F. Parrot, Henry S. Langdon, George Washington Prescot.

4. At Boston, in Massachusetts.-William Gray, and John Parker, of Boston, and Nathaniel Silsbee, of Salem.

5. At Providence, in Rhode-Island-Seth Wheaton, Ebenezer II. Dexter, James D'Wolf.

6. At Middletown, in Connecticut.-Joshua Stow, Isaac Spencer, Jun. Levi H. Clarke.

7. At Burlington, in Vermont.-James Fisk, Herman Allen, Ozias Buel.

8. At New York, in the state of New York-John Jacob Astor, Peter H. Schenck, of New York, and Isaac Dennison of Albany.

9. At New Brunswick, in New Jersey.-Samuel Southard, of Hunterdon county, Silas Condict, of Newark, Barney Smith, do.

manufactures of our own fabric, and the difference of staple would convince every purchaser, and more particularly every consumer, of the folly of sending our solid coin to obtain the former. We are enriching India nabobs, while we are impoverishing our own citizens. Liverpool also is increasing in affluence, and the seaports of foreign nations are thriving from our prodigality, while Boston and the mercantile cities of the U. States are famishing for want of that pecuniary nourishment which we foolishly squander among those, who do not thank us for our liberality, and "who laugh at our calamity, and mock when our fear cometh." This is the more to be regretted, when we reflect, that we involve ourselves in pecuniary embarrassments for numerous articles which neither our necessities or convenience require. We inconsiderately deprive ourselves of that proportionate medium which is absolutely required to facilitate our intercourse between each other; our negociations and contracts are subject to be frustrated by the difficulty of procuring the means by which we had contemplated to fulfil them. Of what real "utility” are a large proportion of cargoes from India, or from Britain, when we exhaust almost every species of hard money from circulation to procure them? The importer it is true can display bales, chests and trunks, but the money which has been shipped to procure their contents, is left in foreign ports, while our own manufacturers of more solid | fabric, are suffering for want of that very patro-|| nage we so liberally bestow on others. One quar 10. At Wilmington, in Delaware.-Cæsar A. Rodter part of the hard money we yearly ship to In-ney, George Milligan, Victor Du Pont. dia, if expended in promoting domestic manufactures, would produce double the quantity of valuable articles of cotton, and at the same time would give a general circulation of bona fide currency, which would invigorate every other branch connected either with commerce or agriculture. We complain of pecuniary embarrassments; that Banks will not discount, and that money is scarce; but if we glean every bank of solid coin, import four times the quantity of goods wanted, and make contracts which it was not probable could be ful filled at the time of making them, is it strange that the evils should arise of which we now complain? We might as well be surprised, if our pumps should not produce water, after the springs were dried up. There is nothing mysterious in. our embarrassments; for we at first originate the cause, and then stare about alarmed at the consequences. Let us restore our languid state by rad.cal reforms; attend to our own domestic concerns, and give pccu-graves, of Augusta. niary aid to industrious citizens; and instead of compassing earth and sea to find ports to which we can ship our money, and thereby deprive ourselves of every substantial currency, let us confine our commerce within our means of payment, and spurn swindlers from our exchange. Let us do this, and every honest industrious man in the U. States, may "sit under his own vine and fig-tree, and have none to make him afraid."

PUBLIC DOCUMENTS,

UNITED STATES BANK,

The president and senate have appointed the following named, directors of the bank of the U. States, to serve until the end and expiration of the first Monday of the month of January next.

11. At Baltimore, in Maryland, James A. Buchanan, Robert Gilmor, James W. M'Culloh. 12. At Richmond, in Virginia.-John Preston, Francis Corbin, John Ambler.

13. At Lexington, in Kentucky-John W. Hunt, and John Telford, of Lexington-Thomas Prather, of Louisville.

14. At Cincinnati, in Ohio.-Oliver M. Spencer, of Cincinnati-Thomas James, of Chillicothe-David Chambers, of Zanesville,

15. At Raleigh, in North-Carolina. Robert Locke, of Rowan-Sherwood Haywood, of Raleigh -John Branch, of Halifax.

16. At Nashville, in Tennessee.-J. Whiteside, John Rhea, James Trimble.

17. At Charleston, in South Carolina.-Robert Howard, James Horlbeck, James Carson.

11. At Augusta, in Georgia.—Charles Harris, of Savannah-James S. Walker and George Har

19. At New-Orleans, in Louisiana.-Dominic A. Hall, Peter Derbigny, Wm. Flood,

20. At Washington, in Columbia.-John Mason, of Georgetown-Thomas Swar, of AlexandriaJohn P. Van Ness, of Washington.

The secretary of the treasury has addressed a circular letter of instructions to the bank commissioners. The following is a copy of the letter addressed to the commissioners at Philadelphia:

Treasury Department, April 1816. GENTLEMEN-You will perceive by the enclosed commission, that the President of the United States has appointed you commissioners, for superintending the subscriptions towards constituting the capital of the bank of the United States, to be opened on the first day of July next, at Philadelphia, in the state of Pennsylvania. Several copies of the act of congress entitled "An act

to incorporate the subscribers to the bank of the 7. Having, in the case of a redundant subscripUnited States," are now transmitted to your trust; tion, reduced and apportioned the number of shares, and in the execution of your trust, I have the hon-you will, with all convenient dispatch, cause a list or to request particular attention to the following points:

1. The subscription books, being prepared in the form of the annexed schedule marked A, are to be opened on the first day of July, and to continue open every day, for the term of twenty days, exclusively of Sundays, between the hours of ten o'clock in the forenoon and four o'clock in the afternoon.

2. Any individual. company, corporation, or state, may subscribe for any number of shares not exceeding three thousand; and at the time of Subscribing there must be paid upon each share five dollars in gold and silver coin of the United States, or of foreign coins, and twenty-five dollars more in like coin, or in funded debt. The value at which the foreign coins, and, also, at which the funded debt, strati be received, are specified in the third section of the act.

3. Each subscriber must deliver to the commissioners, at the time of subscribing, the certificates of funded debt, to the amount of the first instalment of the funded debt, together with a power of attorney, in the form of the annexed schedule marked B. And the commissioners will thereupon give a receipt in the form of the annexed schedule marked C.

4. The commissioners will inclose each subscriber's deposit of coin and funded debt in a separate envelope, to be sealed, and to be labelled with the name of the subscriber. They will place the whole amount of deposits of coin and funded debt, in a secure chest, having at least two locks of different construction; the keys whereof to be separately kept by different commissioners. And they will lodge the chest in the vault of some bank, or in some other place of secure and safe keeping, so that the same and its contents shall be specificially delivered and transferred, as they were received, to the president, directors and company of the bank of the United States, or their order.

of the apportioned subscriptions to be made out, for each place, and transmit it to the proper commissioner. And thereupon you will return to the subscribers at Philadelphia, lawfully entitled thereto, the surplus of the deposit of coin and funded debt, beyond what is necessary to complete the payments for the number of shares apportioned to them respectively.

8. In case the aggregate amount of the subscription, at all the designated places, shall not amount to 28,000,000 of dollars, the subscriptions to complete that sum are to remain open at Philadelphia, under your superintendence; and the subscriptions may then be made by any individual, company, or corporation, for any number of shares not exceeding the deficient amount.

9. As soon as the sum of 8,400,000 dollars in coin and funded debt, shall have been actually received on account of the subscription to the capital of the bank (exclusively of the subscription of the United States) you will give notice thereof in at least two newspapers, printed in each of the places designated for receiving subscriptions; and you will at the same time, and in like manner, notify a time and place within the city of Philadelphia, at the distance of at least thirty days from the time of such notification, for proceeding to the election of twenty directors, who are to be chosen by the stockholders; at which time and place the election shall be made, in the manner prescribed by the act of Congress: that is to say,

RULE I.

(1.) The number of votes shall be in a specified proportion to the number of shares held by the voter, but no voter is entitled to a greater number than 30 votes.

RULE XVI.

(2.) No stockholder, unless he be a citizen of the United States, can vote in the choice of directors.

RULE I.

(3.) Stockholders actually resident in the United States, and none other, may vote by proxy. RULE II.

I am, very respectfully, gentlemen, your most obedient servant,

5. As soon as the subscription is closed, or at least seven days after it is closed, the commissioners in the several states, other than Pennsylvania, will make two transcripts, or copies, of (4.) None but a stockholder, a resident citizen the subscription books; they will retain one of the United States, can be a director. copy themselves; they will send the other to the I have the honor to inclose a copy of the circuSecretary of the Treasury at Washington, in the lar, which has been addressed to the other comDistrict of Columbia; and they will send the ori-missioners, for your information. ginal subscription book (certifying the same to be genuine) to the commissioners at Philadelphia. 6. On the receipt of the subscription books from the commissioners of the several states, you will immediately convene; and if, upon taking an account of all the subscriptions, it appear that more than the sum of 28,000,000 of dollars has been subscribed, you will proceed to reduce the amount in the manner directed by the act; that is to say. (1.) The amount of the excess to be deducted from the largest subscriptions in such manner,

as that no subscription shall be reduced in amount, while any one remains larger. (2.) If the Subscription, at any of the places designated for receiving them, does not exceed 3,000 shares, the amount is not to be reduced at such place.

(3.) If the subscription at any of the designated places, exceed 3,000 shares, it may be reduced to that number of shares, but not lower.

A. J. DALLAS, Sec'y. of the Treasury. To Messrs. William Jones, Stephen Girard, Thomas M. Willing, Thos. Leiper, Cadwallader Evans, jr. The Schedules referred to in the preceding letters are in the following form:

SCHEDULE A.

Form of a subscription book.

What

Date of Names of No. of paid, the debt, & the

subscrib- subscrib-
ing. ers.

shares.

amount. amount.

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