THE NATIONAL REGISTER. tenance a faithful and liberal discharge by this, convention of all the duties confided to them; but, from, a conscientious belief that the measures against which we protest are mistaken in principle, and dangerous in their tendency; and, if effectuated, will be subversive of the rights and destructive to the liberties of the citizens. And we request, that this dissent may be entered on the journal, and remain a witness for us, that we seasonably and solemnly give our voice, and offer our reasons against them. (Signed by 71 members.) [No. 10. neral is bound by his duty to express his marked Concluded from page 137. It was then resolved, that the Hon. Mr. Holmes, and Messrs. Davis, of Augusta, and Preble, of Sa-already of the highest political and commercial co, should be a committee to publish an address in answer to the protest, and in vindication of the measures of the convention. A committee of 25 was appointed to report a constitution, a committee of five to make application to the legislature of Massachusetts, and a committee of 3 to make application to congress. From the Baltimore Patriot. than those of Carthage. This city never could SKETCHES OF THE BARBARY STATES. The ruins of Utica are far more interesting position, and its close approximation to a place have attained the magnitude and importance of Carthage-its situation, the defect in its maritime importance, would have prevented its increase beyond the site which its ruins now occupy. Ac. correct, the distance must have been computed cording to the calculations of Appian-Utica was nine miles from Carthage-If this calculation be point of Utica, as this city lies west and by north from the extreme point of Carthage to the nearest of Carthage, and according to the road which is somewhat circuitous it is at this day near sixtçen miles. We left Tunis by the gate leading to the Palace at Bardo, and passed through a modern ward, and pursued a road lined with the olive and caroob tree, and about seven miles from TuWe struck off from the aqueduct to the north. nis arrived at a country seat of the Beys, called Isabella. We have received a supplement to the Nash-aqueduct built by Charles the fifth, for the purville Whig of the 8th instant, containing six or se. ven columns of the proceedings of the court martial convened in that place for the trial of brevettion and presents a noble appearance, beyond this pose of introducing the water into the fortress of brigadier general Daniel Bissell. The charges near six miles in a westerly direction is part of the Gaspa The Aqueduct is in good preservamade against the general were, 1st, for" unoffi- the aqueduct which brought the water from Zawcer-like conduct," in gambling within the limits an to Carthage-Upwards of twelve centuries of garissons and posts, contrary to orders; in have elapsed since this work was constructedexacting severe labor from his soldiers for his own private convenience and advantage; in disobey-the difference between the solid and enterprizing ing orders to erect a fort on the Illinois river; and || works of antiquity and the weak efforts of modern its duration appears co-eval with time, and marks in requiring lieutenant Campbell, with a detach-architecture. ment of men, at a most inclement season, to ascend the Mississippi with provisions to fulfil a private contract with a citizen: 2d, "ungentlemanly conduct," in writing a most rude and scurrilous letter to colonel Nicholas: 3d, "conduct unbecoming an officer and a gentleman," in keeping divers soldiers cultivating his farm, without ordering them out in any part of the time for muster tions of romance. We look in vain for the splenThe Moorish villas and gardens bear little or and inspection; in making false returns; in wish- did vestibule, the columns of porphyry-the coolno affinity to the warm and glowing descriping to appropriate some public" tin" to his owning fountains, the light verandas, the windows of use; in wasting other public property; and in the Harem and the impervious groves of orange exercising tyranny over Lieutenant Lucas: 4th, and pomgranate-We see indeed a confused mass "disobedience of orders, unofficerlike, and ungentlemanly conduct, in various specific acts of or symmetry-long salias in the Spanish style, and gambling embezzlement of public property, arof stone and mortar thrown together without taste bitrary and ungentlemanly conduct to certain offi-groves of olive-Isabella however is said to be cers and citizens, falsehood, calumny towards the the neatest country Palace in the kingdom, and a few fruit trees scattered promiscuously among deceased lady of captain Campbell, contemptuous although the architecture is strictly Moorish the and disrespectful language towards President Madison," The court martial, of which brevet general We were received by several Neapoletan slaves to ornaments of the interior and in fact the whole of. Smith was president, found general Bissell guilty whose care the palace is assigned, and who rethe internal arrangements are in the Italian style. of writing a rude and abusive letter to Col. Ni-ceive due notice of each visit contemplated by cholas, of indulging himself in remarks injurious to the character of that officer, and of "unofficerlike conduct" specified in the 4th or additional charge abovementioned; and they sentenced him to be reprimanded in general orders. the Bey or any of his family-We entered a spacious gateway over which a rampart had been built and on which several small brass field pieces "Major General JACKSON approves the finding tern of water near one hundred feet square, in are placed-and pursued our way into the hall of the Court, and proceeds to fulfil its sentence. which terminated in a view of a large tank or cis"In a military point of view, abusive language || niature bearing the Ottoman flag were moored used by officers to each other, is calculated to Around this tank which by the Moors is called a which a small boat and one or two frigates in midestroy discipline, produce contention, and ulti-jerbi, and the water of which flows into the gar mate in much injury to the service, and must be, dens, ran a range of marble columns supporting under any circumstances reprehensible-the ge- a Portico from which the doors of the several 12 partments were scen. In three apartments there are no furniture, the ceiling is richly ornamented with stucco, the wall inlaid with colored marble, and a row of Ottomans on which cushions are placed, form all the convenience and ornament of these palaces. cause from ship-wreck. How often on that spot has the stern patriot vowed to live free or die, How often has the senate, released from the perplexing cares of their station, assembled on its banks to meditate on the high and solemn duties imposed on them. Here a Sempronius strongly urging and fiercely supporting a call for war, their Lucius mildly essaying to calm those turbulent feelings and wearing constantly the silver smile of peace. A view of this spot is a collateral evidence of history, the events of which pass rapidly over the mind as we trace the ruins of those splendid edifices which a spirited and liberal people had reared. We passed through a small camp of Bedouins or wandering Arabs who had pitched their tents, made of coarse hair cloth, on the banks of the river. The sun was just rising and threw a rich tint on the surrounding country. In front we had a view of the sea and the distant island of Zimbra, to the left under a bold and com The slaves prepared coffee and lemonade for us, and as the night approached they seated them selves on the marble floor and gave us a description of their unfortunate situation, the length of time they had passed in slavery, their native country, birth and family--It appeared strange to us, but no less true, that most of these Italians had been surprised by small parties of Turks who had landed from their corsairs and made them prison- || ers. We would naturally suppose that the terrors of captivity joined to the facility of approaching the coast and effecting a landing would naturally induce the government to adopt precautionary measures, such as fortifying the line of coast arming the people and embodying the militia, as wouldmanding promontory lay the town of Porta Fatend to afford a sure protection from the inroads rina near which two or three of the Bey's cruisers of these pirates-But so it is that a territory of were moored-to the right and behind us, was an near 600 miles is wholly unprepared for resistance extensive plain bounded by narrow hills covered and it does not unfrequently happen that a boats || with verdure and olive trees. The air was pure crew land under the cover of the night and carry and soft as it is in Attica, and we stopped near a away whole families into bondage. It would na- tent to survey this rich and beautiful country, turally be asked are these outrages committed for || which a revolution of ages had thrown into the the sake of gaining the value of the ransom gene- power of barbarians. We were soon assailed by rally paid for a slave? or is it from hatred to the the Arab dogs in the camp, which have the apChristians? The motives are mixed-Avarice has pearance of wolves, and are extremely fierce-its full share, but religious prejudice is the pow- our Jannissary tried to appease them in the Arabic erful incentive-Many of these slaves were of res-language, but not succeeding, he drew his pistol pectable families-Several had been twenty years prisoners and had almost lost all hope of being restored to their country. from his belt with an intention of shooting one of them, which he was prevented from doing by their being called off by their owners. At dawn of day we were awoke by the singing The Mussulmen are not fond of strangers. of birds which perched on the iron lattices of the Their cold and retiring disposition unsuits them windows and regaled us with their melody.-Cato for habits of social intercourse. It is also contrahad also been disturbed by these warblers a fewry to their laws and customs for their women to minutes before he fell on his sword. We were a few leagues only from Utica, and felt the analogy of the situation-every thing around us looked flourishing-the country, the high road over which the Roman legions had marched, remained unchanged-the stern patriot and his little Senate were no more. We mounted our horses, and preceded by a Jannissary as a guide, we pursued the main road for about five miles until it terminated by a narrow path cut from a mountain which opened on an extensive plain, at the extremity of which we perceived, on a rising ground, some scattered ruins. This was Utica. expose their faces-and this is strictly observed in their towns and cities, but in the country these laws are not rigidly enforced. The Arab women and girls were employed about the tents in domestic purposes-they viewed us with much indifference the sun had scorched them nearly black, they wore large silver ear rings, and bracelets around their ancles,-and their appearance strongly reminded us of our American squawsone of them brought us a few pieces of colored glass, and some coins which she found on the ruins, two of them were small copper coins, which are frequently found in the neighborhood, and are of little value, on one side is a Numidian horse, We approached a river of about twenty yards and on the reverse a wheat sheaf-one of the coins wide with steep banks-over which we crossed in was a Constantine in good preservation, and the a flat, the remains of an ancient bridge were in other was one of the empress Julia Faustina-we sight; the freshet had destroyed the piers which purchased them for a trifle, and proceeded to were decayed and partly sunken; our horses were view the ruins. Utica originally was built on an safely ferried over, and we turned to look back eminence of nearly a half mile in length, and exon the river we had passed. How frail are the tremely narrow country, contrary however to the hopes of glory-how sure is the corroding hand custom pursued at Carthage and other important. of time-it was the Bagrada of antiquity we had cities, the public buildings were built on the plain, passed, on the banks of which Regulus had kil- and only the remains of an amphitheatre are to be led the enormous serpent-its stream rolled slug-seen on the eminence. Utica must have been a gishly along, indifferent to passing events. On very small city; traces of the wall by which it the banks of this river, now called Booshata by was surrounded are still discernable, it took in the Turks, have the legions of Hannibal marched, the before mentioned eminence, and the circumthe triumphant army of Scipio encamped. How ference of the whole city according to the best often, perhaps, has Cato paced its borders deep-calculation, could not have been more than three ly revolving in his mind the state of the republic, miles. and the means necessary to save the common The remains of the amphitheatre are a great curiosity-it occupies nearly the entire width of without drapery or arms, the head of which was the eminence, but there are no vestige of founda-apparently flattened or cut off above the nose-it tion or ruins to be seen-it never could have been is evident that this head supported a part of the appropriated for gymnastic exercises, chariot dome or portico of the senate-the smaller figures races or the exhibition of gladiators, but was used may have occupied niches, several of which are for naumachia or mock sea fights. Its form is still to be found, and the Colossal figure which oval, and about four hundred feet in circumfer-appeared to be upwards of eight feet in heigin ence--the depth from the surface of the earth is might have occupied the centre of the hall. These apparently ninety feet, and as near as we could || statues collectively were a great curiosity and a judge the water must have occupied a depth of high value was in consequence placed on them by near ten feet. This chasm, for so it may be cal- the minister. led, has an appearance peculiarly grand, and testifies the liberality of the people, for whose amusement it was originally constructed. The water was introduced into the cavity from the Bagrada, by means of an aqueduct; the ruins of which are still to be seen on the eminence-it entered at one end and was let out at the other-the apertures for which, are still seen. The eminence or hill was sloped in order to give an easy entrance || into the amphitheatre-and from the present appearance it might have contained near twenty thousand people. The Romans were peculiarly attached to this species of amusement-One of the largest amphitheatres in the world and at present in the best preservation was built for mock sea fights-it is at a place called Elgin, about nine miles from the sea, between Tunis and Tripoli, near Ifax, and will contain eighty thousand spec tators. || We discovered in Utica the same number of subterraneous caverns and passages as in Carthage, and in our survey of the ruins were fre quently in danger of falling into them. One fort was strikingly apparent, that the sea had receded from Utica since its destruction nearly two miles, as on the margin of the ruins we discovered seve ral square blocks of stone, some of which were clamped together with iron and formed a part of a mole, and in one of those blocks an iron ring was fastened-these circumstances, joined to the appearance of the earth and sundry ridges or ws ter marks, left no doubt on our minds at barks or small vessels could originally come up to the city; at present there is not a sufficient depth of water in the Bagrada for the conveyance of boats or sandals. We finished our survey of Utica, which though confined to a much smaller space than Carthage. is the most interesting of the two places—and we We descended on the plain, in order to discover the ruins of the senate house, and was natural-returned to Tunis. ly attracted to the largest pile as affording the Our party consisted of Americans, with oner most reasonable belief from its situation and ex- two exceptions, and here it would not be impro tent, to be all that the ravages of the Goths and per to remark, that though separated from these Vandals had left of that celebrated edifice. It interesting spots by a world of waters, inhabitants was of stone mixed with a strong cement, and so of an infant country, where science and the arts, completely crumbled in ruins, that no correct idea || though progressing with rapid strides, have not could be formed of its architecture or internal de- attained maturity and perfection-they were anicorations. A circumstance, however, lately oc mated by a zeal and industry-an enterprising c curred, which left no room to doubt that this was riosity and a perfect knowledge of the events in the senate house. It is contrary to the religious history relating to this country which did credk customs of Musselmen to dig for the purpose of to their studies and pursuits; and when it is condiscovering any antiques, or as they term it, any dered that a favourite breeze will wait us to the coins or images belonging to the Christians. ruins of Carthage and Utica in thirty days, it is to The first minister was building a splendid mosque be hoped that when the north of Africa becomes at Tunis, and had given orders to dig among the more tranquil that many of our citizens whose ruins of Carthage and Retira for columns of marleisure and means unite to justify a voyage there, ble, many of which and several of various colours will enrich their country withra more general deswere found, and were new polished for the cription of the soil and climate-natural curiosi mosque. While the Moors were digging in Utica & ties and historical facts than we are yet in possesclose to the pile of ruins which we concluded ||sion of, relative to the states in Barbary. had been the senate house, they discovered several marble statues which they brought to the minister of marine at the fortress of the Goletta, who permitted us to view them. They were all imperfect, but had been rendered more so by the barbarous custom of the Moors who mutilate every statue they discover by striking off the nose or breaking an arm. One was a Collossal figure in Roman dress, and was said to be a statue of Trajan-it had lost its head, and at some distance from the figure a head was found and placed awkwardly on the shoulders of the statue-the head evidently did not belong to the figure-it had a wreath of laurel bound round it, but was so mutilated, and the features destroyed, that no traces of them were left.-There were two figures of Vestals without heads or arms, the drapery of which was in the most perfect and delicate style of execution, the feet and sandals were in com- During a late visit to Lancaster, I learned that plete preservation. There was also a plain figure || the German inhabitants of the Manor in the coun BOTANICAL. N. From the United States Gazette. At a stated meeting of the Philadelphia Linnean Society, held October 17th, 1816, the following communication was made by the President; and from the importance and utility of the facts stated therein, the Society ordered it to be published. GEORGE S. SCHOTT, M. D. Recording Secretary. Some account of a Plant used in Lancaster County, as a substitute for Chocolate; and which appeara to be the Holcus bicolor of Wildenow's Species Plantanum-read to the Philadelphia Linnean Society, October 17th, by the President, Dr. BAR TON. ty of Lancaster, near the Susquehanna, cultivated nor in Lancaster county, where the plant is said a plant, from the seeds of which they made a kind to be much cultivated, and the beverage a good of beverage resembling in colour, taste, and nu- deal in use. How the Germans of that settlement tritious qualities, common chocolate. The first became acquainted with the plant, or from whence accounts I had of this beverage, were received they received the original seeds, I had no opporfrom Dr. Eberle, and Wm. Barton, esquire, of unity of learning. Should I visit Lancaster in Lancaster. The latter informed me he had drunk the course of the next summer, I will endeavour, it once or twice, and that a member of his family by personal inquiries at the Manor, to become had breakfasted on it, supposing it to be choco-possessed of the knowledge of these interesting late, without perceiving the deception. particulars. From the information I received respecting the At present I have given all the facts concerning stature, growth, and habit of the plant, I supposed this vegetable, with which I became acquainted. that it was a species of Sorghum, though it had It appears to me, first: That as the plant is reabeen taken for a species of Genista by Dr. Eberle.dily cultivated, is hardy, and produces plentifully -Learning, however, that a quantity of the plant it is worthy of some attention, on account of was growing in a neighbouring garden, I procured the farina yielded by its seed. This is sensibly a few specimens of it, together with a quanti-mild and mucilaginous upon mastication, and ty of the seeds, then sufficiently ripe for use. I may consequently prove extremely nutritious. Sefound the plant belonged to the genus Holcondly: That, as it is proved to yield a pleasant eus, but having no books with me by which 1 beverage, with the addition only of a little butter, could ascertain the precise species, I brought the to those articles which are necessary to render specimens to the city; and after carefully com- coffee, tea and chocolate palatable-it might, paring them with the descriptions of the different from the ease with which it is propagated, be species of Holcus in Willdenow's work, I find that rendered, by being well known, a cheap and nuit is the Holcus Bicolor of that author, and was tritious substitute for tea, coffee, or chocolate, at known to Linnæus. the tables of the country poor, and those residing in country towns and villages, where each hut, however miserable, is generally furnished with a tolerable sized garden-plot. The method of making the beverage, which has a real or fancied resemblance to chocolate, is this: The seeds which are farinaceous, together with the glumes, or as they are commonly called husks, I believe that a single plant will yield seed which are persistent and black-are ground in a enough to produce, by second year's crop, a sufcommon coffee mill, into grains somewhat small ficiency of flower to furnish a poor family of six er than ground coffee. This coarse farina is then or eight persons one entire year, with a good and boiled over a slow fire, with the addition of a suffi-nourishing substitute for the meagre and unhealthcient quantity of inilk and a small piece of butter, ful liquors used by them under the names of tea until the beverage assumes a chocolate colour, and coffee. which it receives from the colouring matter of I do not, however, profess myself competent at the husks. The liquor should be then strained this time to offer more than conjecture on these through gauze, sweetened till palatable, and points. I have made no experiments with the brought to table for use. I have drank it thus plant as yet, to ascertain the proportions of mucide, except that it was unstrained, and though lage and farnia contained in the seeds; but have I could perceive no taste resembling choco-merely thrown thus hastily together, a few facts late, yet it was a beverage quite savoury and plea sant. and hints, which may perhaps prove indirectly serviceable to the poor and the peasantry. The plant in question resembles common broom I take the liberty of recommending the plant corn very much. It is eight or ten feet in height to the attention of surgeons and commanders of -an annual of rapid growth-and requires no navy yards, forts or barracks, for to all such posts particular care in its cultivation. The leaves are a sufficiency of ground generally appertains to long-channelled, nerved, and sheathing the stem. admit the cultivation of enough to supply the The fruit, and of course the inflorescence, which sailors, marines, or soldiers, with an occasional I have not seen, is born in a terminal, close, and meal of a grateful, and, I believe, a healthful becompact panicle, of an oblong-ovate form; in this verage. My experience, both in the navy and respect differing widely from Sorghum, saccha-army practice, induces me to believe that the diet ratum, or common broom, the panicle of which is diffuse and spreading. It differs also from the broom in the colour of the husks, they being in the Chocolate broom, (for so I shall call the plant in question for want of a better name) of a deep shining black colour, and glabrous; and in the common broom of a reddish brown hue, and pubescent, sometimes even hairy. The seeds are white, roundish, and hard, enclosed in shining black husks. of seamen, marines, and soldiers, cannot be too strictly attended to, in order to preserve their health and vigour; and when an opportunity is presented of furnishing all those on shore stations, and in barracks or garrisons, with a comfortable vegetable diet like the one above mentioned, and that too without any cost, it should certainly not be suffered to pass without at least a trial. WILLIAM P. C. BARTON. N. B. Applications for seeds of the above menHolcus Bicolor, the plant in question, is a native tioned plant, addressed to Aaron B. Tucker, M. of Persia, according to Lerche. It is most un- D. Corresponding Secretary of the Philadelphia questionably, not a native of any part of the Unit-Linnean Society, and post paid, will be attended ed States, or even of North America; though to without any charge. Pursh says that Sorghum saccharatum, which is nearly allied to it, is sometimes found wild in our country. The seeds which produced the specimens now before the society, were procured from the Ma Extraordinary Property of the Onion.-The magnetic power of a compass needle will be entirely destroyed or changed by being touched with the juice of an Onion. This fact may seem trifling; but we regard it as one of the first im- SOUTH-AMERICA. by our hands, sealed with the seal of the congress, and countersigned by the representatives acting secretaries. (Signed) Francisco Marino de Laprido, Pt (Here follow the signatures of twenty-seven representatives.) Jose Mariano Serrano, Sec'ry. Juan Jose Passo, Sec'ry. Translated for the New York Evening Post, from the Buenos Ayres Official Gazette, of the 17th Au-A form of the oath to be administered to all the gust last. THE DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE OF THE UNITED The representatives of the United Provinces of Rio de la Plata, in congress, assembled, at the city of Tucuman, on the ninth day of July, in the year one thousand eight hundred and sixteen; the dispatch of the usual and ordinary business being over, they took again into consideration the motions and speeches made on the preceding days, upon the great and important subject of the independence of the people represented by the same congress, and who most earnestly, decidedly and universally wish and claim a solemn act of their emancipation and freedom from the des. potic power of the kings of Spain. inhabitants of the United Provinces of South America. Do you swear by our Lord God, and the sign of the Cross, to promote and defend the liberty of the United Provinces of South America, and its independence, from the king of Spain, Ferdinand VII. his successors and metropolis, as well as from the dominion of any other power?-Do you swear, to our Lord God, and promise to our country, to uphold these rights even to the loss of your life, fortune and fame?-Yes, I do-so help you God, and keep you stedfast,; but should you fail in your duty, may he and our country claim it from you. DR. SERRANO, Sec'ry. (Signed) In the session of the 20th of June, it was enacted that the sky blue, and white flag heretofore used, be henceforth considered as the national || flag. ALGIERS. They, therefore, weighed this momentuous matter, with the utmost attention and care, devoting to its resolution all their talents, with that purity of intention requisite in sanctioning their own fate, that of the people they represent, and their posterity. On the question being put whether it was their wish that these united provinces should If we rightly understand the situation of Albe free and independent from the kings of Spain, giers, the houses are built on the sea shore on and its metropolis, it was voted in the affirmative the side of a mountain, so that these ranges of by an unanimous acclamation of all the said repre-buildings resemble in form an amphitheatre as sentatives; who likewise, each of them individually, ratified and confirmed their respective, spontaneous, unanimous and decided_vote for the independence of the country. In consequence whereof, the following resolution was determined on, to wit: they gradually approximate the mountain. The buildings are all white, with flat roofs, and so closely joined together, that the public walks for the benefit of the air may be said to be on the tops of the houses. As the ranges are more elevated as they recede from the sea, those in the We, the people of the United Provinces of rear are not excluded from the benefit of the sea. South America, in a general congresss assembled, breeze, nor from the prospect by those which are invoking the Almighty, who presides over the placed in front. The bay is protected by a mole universe, and in the name and by virtue of the au- in a circular form, defended by heavy batteries. thority of the people we represent, protesting be- || At each extremity of this crescent, are strong for fore heaven and the nations, and men all over the tifications to command the entrance into the bay. world, the justice that guides our intentions, Do Here we presume that the Algerine fleet rode at SOLEMNLY DECLARE, in the face of the universe, anchor under the protection of the batteries, athat it is the indubitable and unanimous will of waiting tha approach of the squadron commandthese provinces to break off the violent ties thated by Lord Exmouth. A better mode of defendunited them to the kings of Spain; to reinstate ing the city it would be difficult to imagine, an themselves in the rights of which they have been impregnable mole in front of the city, defended dispossessed, and to assume the rank and charac-by strong batteries and a fleet riding at anchor, ter of a nation free and independent from king under cover of the fortifications to secure the Ferdinand VII. his successors and metropolis. avenue where the hostile squadron were approachThese same provinces, therefore, are henceforthing. The result proves how superior skill and invested by act and right, with full and absolute enterprize may overcome the best founded cal power to devise for themselves such forms of culations. The British commander found that his government as justice and the state of the present bombs made but little or no impression, as the circumstances may require. Each and every of roofs of the houses were flat and so well protectthe said provinces thus publish, declare and ratifyed by earth, that they did but little damage. An the same, binding each one to the other, through English officer volunteered his services to burn us, to the fulfillment and support of this their will, the first Algerine frigate which was anchored to under the pledge, and warranty of their own lives, command the entrance of the mole. He appre fortunes and fame. Let this resolution be com-hended no further injury than the destruction of municated to the department it doth belong to a single ship. This offer was accepted, and make the same public; and out of the respect the wind setting strongly in one direction, des due to other nations, let a manifest be issued, de-troyed, we presume, the whole of the enemy's tailing the great and weighty reasons, that have fleet riding in a line at anchor, and unable to esmoved and constrained us to make this solemn cape in season from the sweeping conflagration declaration. Done in the hall of sessions, signed Telegraph. |