the same grounds as that which saved Cambronne. | to which it bears a great resemblance without, He has since been introduced to the king; whose permission to be married he has solicited, in order to do away a report, that after his acquittal he had determined to follow a clerical life.

and has also the same whitish veins within, when cut in two. In the centre of the fruit, when it is soft, is contained a greyish and almost liquid. substance, which grows hard in proportion as it ripens.-The extract of this nut is supposed to be the terra japonica of the shops, at least that it is a very similar substance, both in colour and taste; but according to the latter observations, the genuine drug seems to be obtained from the mimosa catechu. The fruit, when ripe, is astringent, but not palatable, and the shell is yellowish. Of this fruit there is a prodigious consump

18. Lt. Gen. Lavallette.-He was one of the household of Louis 18th, and swore allegiance to him. But when Bonaparte was advancing from || Elba, he seized upon the post office, and made it an engine for the dispersion of news favourable for the designs of the usurper. He was tried, and sentenced to death, and his escape from prison, in the clothes of his excellent lady is well known by every reader. At the last date he was at Munich,tion in the East-Indies. It is chewed with the in Bavaria; and no measures had been taken by the French court to apprehend him. His lady continued at Paris, and expected to obtain his pardon. [He may be, now, in America.]

19. Marshal Savary, Duke of Rovigo. He was formerly Minister of Police to Bonaparte; and after betraying his allegiance to the Bourbons, surrendered himself with Bonaparte to the English-was sent to Malta, and, as reported, has been released, with liberty to emigrate to America. [Doubted.] He was said to be at Smyrna at the last date.

BOTANICAL.

leaves of betel, mixing with it lime made of seashells. In order to chew it, they cut the areca into four quarters, and wrap one quarter in a leaf of betel, over which they lay a little of the lime; afterwards they tie it, by twisting it round. This is called pinang, which is a Malayan word used all over the East-Indies. The pinang provokes spitting very much, whether made with dried or fresh areca; the spittle is red, which colour the areca gives it. This mastication fastens the teeth and gums, and cools the mouth. When they have done chewing the pinang, they spit out the gross substance, and wash their mouth with fresh water, which takes off the red tinge it gives the teeth. It is pretended that areca strengthens the stomach when the juice is swallowed. Another property is ascribed to its carrying off all that might be betel-corrupt or unwholesome in the gum. When eaten by itself, it impoverishes the blood, and causes the jaundice; but it is not attended with these inconveniences when mixed with betel. The Samese call it plou. It is a considerable article in traffic, and the best comes from Ceylon: a red sort grows in Malabar, which is very proper for dyeing that colour.

From the Jamaica Royal Gazette. We copy the following account of the nut from the Hortus Jamaicensis, published in 1814, by Mr. John Luman, editor of the St. Jago de la Vega Gazette:

BETEL-NUT.-ARECA.

CL. 25, OR 1.-Monoecia enneandria.

NAT. 'OR.-Palma.

GEN. CHAR.-The male calyx is a bivalved spatho; spadix branched; proper perianth three-leav. ed; the corolla has three acuminate, rigid petals; stamina are nine filaments, the three outer longer than the rest. The flowers in the same spadix has the calyx a spathe common with the males; proper perianth three-leaved; the corolla three-petalled, accuminate, rigid; the pericarp a sub-ovate berry, fibrose, surrounded at the base with the imbricate calyx; the seed ovate.

CATECHU.

Fronds pinnate; leaflets folded back, opposite end bitten.

From the Richmond Enquirer.

AN INTERESTING CASE OF SICKNESS.

Miss,about six years old, I found very ill in the evening-she labored under a perfect degree of idiotism; she alternately muttered groaned and laughed. Every limb, and all parts of her body, were in incessant motion; she would pull or snatch at the bed clothes, her own clothes, or any thing else that came in her way; she seemed

it appeared to be accidental; she would attempt to climb the walls of the house, approach the fire as if she would go into it, if permitted; she would go against any object or person, and fall over him, as if she were blind; she was perfectly listless, and, therefore, urina sua improvidi mixit; she would neither eat nor drink; and she imagined pins stuck in her hands, and that she saw many things that were not present, as snakes, &c. In fact, I thought every object appeared to her in a disguised and in a terrifying form.

This tree is a native of Providence and the East-Indies, and was brought here in his Majes-to know no person, and if she took notice of any, ty's ship Providence in 1793. It has no branches, but its leaves are very beautiful; they form a round tuft at the top of the trunk, which is as straight as an arrow. It grows to the height of twenty-five or thirty feet, marked with parallel rings, and is very ornamental. The fronds spring forth in pairs, decussated, encircling the top of the trunk at their base, and thus forming an oblong head larger than the trunk itself; they are few in number, (six or seven) unarmed, reclining six feet long, one stripe four feet in length. These fronds break and fall off in succession; from their axils issue the sheaths which enclose the flowers and fruits. The shell which contains the fruit is smooth without, but rough and hairy within: in All the information that the family could give which it pretty much resembles the shell of theme was, that "she appeared well when she sat at cocoa nut. Its size is equal to that of a pretty the table to dine; but, while eating, she became large walnut. Its kernal is as big as a nutmeg, very sick, puked, her face became spotted, white

Her pulse was little disordered, but her skin was dry, and the pupils of her eyes were considerably abated.

and red, that she soon grew very ill and out of her senses."

The family demanded of me, in a few minutes after my arrival, what I thought was the matter with her; I candidly replied, I believed she had eaten some poisonous berries.

corrodes the coats, causes inflammation and fever, with violent pain. The food, instead of being converted into nutriment, and assimilated, is decomposed, and the carbonic acid is generated, either in gas or union with water. In the former case, the gas, or wind, is sometimes let out with All the family, both white and black, assured a knife, and the life of the beast by this means inme I was mistaken, and that the child had not had geniously saved, but it is a dangerous resort, and any chance to eat any thing of the kind, and one happily a less violent and more efficacious remeperson present, who partially prcatises medicine, dy is at hand by the chemical agency of which the mentioned four complaints, with one of which, effect of the carbonic acid is obviated and a comboth he and the family thought she must be af-plete cure effected by neutralizing the acid, and fected. thus destroying its corrosive quality. By the I persisted in my opinion, and the case was con-combination of an alkali with the carbonic acid, fided to me. I freely administered Ipecac. and a neutral salt, called the carbonate of that alkali tartar emetic. She was resolutely opposed to take is produced, which is perfectly innoxious, and medicine; but I succeeded to give so much as to passes off without detriment. When symptoms vomit repeatedly; no poisonous berries came up. of founder therefore, are observed, let the public I therefore inferred they must be too far ad- be informed, that from experience, and well auvanced in the common passage, to be evacuatedthenticated information, I can confidently recomby puking; hence I gave purgative medicines, and mend to them the following directed clysters to speed their operations.-Evacuations succeeded, but no berries. She seemed to grow better, but the amendment was transi- Take of Fotash a lump of the size of an egg or tory. More purgative medicine was given, and, apple, for a cow, more for a horse, and in proporat last, twenty-five berries, of the James town tion for a sheep; dissolve it in water, and from a (Datma Stramonum) were discharged in one pas-bottle pour it down the beast's throat. If necessage. These satisfied the family I was right insary, repeat the dose in smaller quantities. An respect to the nature of the complaint. More immediate effect will be seen, in the abatement of medicine was given, and many more of the ber- the symptoms of pain, and in a few hours commonries were evacuated-the child appeared hourlyly, the beast will feed. For a beast of size, a to mend, though with some appearances of occa-pound of Glauber salts, administered in the same sional relapses. She got perfectly well in a few days.

Perhaps the preceding statement contains in formation that may be useful. The substance of it was penned down by the side of the patient; it is, therefore, more worthy of attention. It is now abstracted from a work called Medical Philoso-as phy, once announced to the public, though not yet quite ready for the press.

MORGAN.

INTERESTING TO FARMERS. Cause and Cure of Founder in Cattle. The disease in horses and cattle, called the founder, is always a serious evil; and frequently fatal. It is believed that its cause and cure are but little understood, and that the public frequently sustain much loss and inconvenience from

that cause.

There are two species of founder in cattle, that is, in horses, cows and sheep, which, though the same disease, pass under different names; that is the hove when resulting from feeding too freely on green clover; and when arising from eating too much grain, potatoes, bran, or the like, the founder, commonly so called. Cattle have been known to die from all these causes; but the disease is the same, and requires the same process of cure; which, if seasonably administered, is effectual and sure.

Cure for the Founder.

way, to work the whole off, might be proper; though the cure is principally to be attributed to the agency of the alkali. When potash is not at hand, a lie, made of ashes, on the occasion will answer the purpose. Pour water on ashes, and take the liquor in larger quantities, in proportion it is of less strength. It is believed that by following the above directions, the loss of many valuable animals might be prevented, which are otherwise likely to perish, to the private loss of their owners, and to the general detriment of the community.

From the Richmond Compiler. DEGENERACY OR IMPROVEMENT ? A wise man has said, that there is no opinion so absurd but what has been advocated by some Philosophers.

The able Raynal has verified this remark of Cicero, by taking it into his head that human nature had degenerated in America.

The author of the Notes on Virginia has successfully combatted the absurd proposition, by show. ing the several improvements which we had made, and furnishing a satisfactory reason for our not equalling the Old World in a few others.

Every day is exhibiting new proofs of the folly of the Abbe;-and astonishing the natives of the Old World by the ingenuity of the new.

The founder shows itself by the swelling of the The United States have introduced a form of body, by symptoms of violent pain, by gripings, political power, which permits man to enjoy hapvoiding blood, stiffness of the limbs, by trembling,piness, without reducing him to the situation of a groans, debility; and after a time by a shedding of the hoofs and hair, from the effect of a burning fever. The cause of this violent derangement of the animal system, is repletion of nutriment on the stomach. The powers of digestion are over done; and acidity arises on the stomach, which

slave-Not a king, nor a prince, nor a noble, crawls like a leech on the body politic-Yet have the inhabitants of the new world degenerated!

We have formed a society, which permits man to enjoy all the rights of conscience, without organizing a privileged priesthood to preach up the

truths of religion-Each man seeks God after his own manner, and yet there is no want of a rational religion. This great truth of Toleration, so consoling to the friends of humanity, had been dreamed of by the Philosophers of Europe, but is reduced to practice by the politicians of America -and yet man has degenerated in America!

The Abbe Raynal has even insinuated that the powers of multiplication are also weakened in America; that love was more indifferent, and its fruits "fewer and far between." But some how or other, what with emigrations, and what with marriages, we contrive to double our population in 20 or 25 years-A degree of multiplication, which astonishes the natives of the old world.

"I have omitted to mention, that on our way from Malta we touched at the island of Milo, where the inhabitants have lately discovered a theatre of white marble, which appears, from the little that has yet been exposed to view, to be in very perfect preservation. The seats at present opened are seven in number, beautifully worked out of large masses of the finest marble, forming a segment of a circle, whose diameter, if complete, would be 116 feet. The situation of this theatre is one of the finest that can be imagined: it stands a hundred feet above the level of the sea, and commands in front a noble prospect over the harbour to the mountains on the opposite side, and is backed by lofty hills rising one behind the other up to the turreted village of Castro.

In martial atchievements, by which we have been brought fairly into contact and comparison "Immense ruins of solid walls stand close by, will the Europeans, we have been able to stand and a few remains of inscriptions have been found our ground with some success-The war was not in the neighbourhood, two fragments of which I apparently between a race of giants and one of enclose; the former is cut on a white marble pepygmies-but as our vanity has whispered us, destal which has been much injured, and the latsometimes we conquered even the Conquerors of ter is said to have formed part of a large inscripEurope. On the Ocean, our triumphs have been tion which a bigotted Papa obliged the inhabitindisputable-not too over the degenerate nativesants to break in pieces, to prevent the Europeans of Spain, or the gallant sons of France; but the from disturbing his holy retreat-a cottage which self-styled sovereigns of the seas. Our fir-built he had built on an adjoining hill, where many refrigates, with their calico sides and striped bits of mains of a white marble temple are still to be bunting, have proved superior to the Old English traced. The priest is luckily dead, or otherwise Live Oak-And yet the inhabitants of the New the theatre would have stood great danger of sufWorld have sunk into a shameful degeneracy! fering the same disastrous fate. From the scite of this theatre I should conceive that it was in

Our commerce spreads to every sea-as active as the Dutch commerce ever was at its most for-tended for naval exhibitions in the ports below, tunate period and much more daring—and yet we have degenerated.

The natives of the Old World have been the first to muzzle the savages of Barbary, and to teach justice to Africa-And yet the natives of America have sunk below the standard of the man of Europe!

We have presented him with the steam-boatwhich is penetrating all his rivers, and will gradually spread over the whole civilized world-Sixteen of them are already in the Clyde-and wherever she goes, she carries with her the triumphs of American genius.

An old invention, which is now in familiar use with us, is about to be introduced into Holland, and we suspect, will gradually make its way over the rest of Europe.-We mean the invention of the decimal money, which Jefferson first brought into fashion-and which every nation conversant with figures, will find it convenient to employ.

And yet the Abbe Raynal has said that man has degenerated in America!

With the intrepidity of thought and of enter prise inspired by a free government, our triumphs over the Abbe will daily increase. We cannot excel in all the Arts at once. As the old saying is," Kome was not built in a day"-But there are many discoveries which lie like fire in the flintwhich the hardy spirit of American enterprize will gradually strike out.

ANTIQUE REMAINS.

INTERESTING DISCOVERY.

as it is constructed immediately on the brow of a hill, having in its front scarcely room for the proscenium. Of this, however, it is not possible to judge very correctly till the whole shall have been laid open-an operation neither very expensive nor difficult to accomplish, as the inhabitants are almost like a colony of English, and would be glad to give their assistance in any work that would tend to the renown of the island."

The following persons have already been elected to supply the vacancies in the first class, whose term commences next 4th of March, viz. Jas. Burrill, of R. I. in the place of Mr. Howell. David L. Morrill, of N. H. Mr. Thompson. Mr. Varnum.

A late London paper, says: We are happy to announce to the public another interesting disco-Harrison G. Otis, of Mass. very which has been lately made in the classic register. The following is an extract of a letter from that intelligent traveller, Mr. Salt, to a friend in England:

The place of Mr. Gore, of Massachusetts, in the 3d class, who has resigned, has been filled with Eli P. Ashmun. We believe there are, at present, no vacancies in the senate.

SUMMARY-FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC.

FOREIGN.

to appointment. All the members appeared, except Gen. Miller. Gen. Gaines appeared, and the Judge Advocate read the general orders in relation to the trial; after which the President, Maj. Gen. Scott, adjourned the court until 10 || o'clock the next day.

Specie. Eighty thousand five hundred dollars, specie, have lately arrived at Philadelphia from Lisbon.

the same day are to form a constitution for the new State. We have not yet received the result; but there is reason, says the Boston Daily Advertiser, to believe there will be a large majority in favour of the measure.

In Europe nothing of moment has transpired since our last. The affairs of the continent remain stationary-sometimes in agitation and sometimes in tranquillity-Lord Exmouth's expedition seems to have met with considerable disapprobation in Europe, and a new one has been under-in taken, which the noble admiral is to command. Com. Decatur would, perhaps, do more than the The question on the separation of Maine from whole combination. They will, however, be Massachusetts was to have been decided on the aided by the American fleet, if the Dey does not || 2d inst. by ballot; and if five ninths of the votes acknowledge the treaty.In Italy 1,000 peasants given were in favour of the separation, it would have destroyed the rice fields near Bologna, undertake effect; and the delegates to be chosen on the pretence that they poisoned the air.-In India the war progresses with great violence between Great Britain and the Hindoos.-The French government have appropriated 24,000 francs for the education of vice consuls: all between 20 and 25 are to be admitted.-The British have on the lakes one 98 gun ship, one 74, two 24's, one 10, and seven other smaller vessels.-In Prussia a printer has lately published the Lord's prayer in "Col. Clinch embarked from this place with 500 languages.-Lieut. Gen. Drummond has re- 116 men, and four officers, for the purpose of turned to England, and been received very gra- bringing up the supplies which had arrived at the ciously by the Prince Regent. He is to receive bay of Apalachicola, in two transports, accompaseveral military honours and a pension.-It is nied by two gun boats. His intention was, if opstated that the royal cause droops in South-Ame-posed, to destroy the fort, the garrison of which rica, and that Mexico, by next winter, will be in was composed of Indians and negroes, principalthe hands of the republicans.-In England a manly the latter. On the third day he arrived within 70 years old has been for 30 years in prison for a contempt of court.

DOMESTIC.

Extract of a letter to a gentleman in Charleston, dated Camp Crawford, August 4.

one mile of the fort; he then proceeded to reconnoitre, and placed our Indians around it, in order to prevent the escape of the garrison. The Elections.-In Kentucky, George Madison has negroes immediately commenced firing from 24 been chosen Governor by an unanimous vote; and pounders, and throwing shells. These instruGabriel Slaughter Lieut. Governor, by a largements of destruction had been supplied them by majority over his opponent, Richard Hickman. In their English allies-who must have taught them Louisiana, the candidates for Governor were Gen. the use of them. Their firing, which was entireVillere and Judge Lewis: the former received thely inefficient, continued for 6 days. Col. Clinch greater number of votes; but the legislature have the power to confirm him or appoint the latter in his place. In Indiana, Jonathan Jennings has been chosen Governor by the people, and Christopher Harrison Lieut. Governor-Wm. Hendrick is chosen a Representative to Congress. In Maryland the election for senatorial electors for that State took place on Monday last, which has resulted in a federal majority; so that the legislature may be expected to be federal for five years-Peter Little has been elected a Representative to Congress in the place of Mr. Pinkney, resigned. In RhodeIsland, James B., Mason and John L. Boss have been re-elected to Congress.

finding it necessary to bring up our large guns, (which had been forwarded from New-Orleans) despatched Lieut. Wilson with a corporal and 13 men, for the purpose of aiding in the approach of the boats-during which time we erected a battery. On the arrival of the boats, the colonel ordered the sailing-master, who was the senior officer on board, to try the distance. The experi ment was accordingly made, whether our guns could reach the horde of banditti. It succeeded.

"The fifth shot passed through the magazine, and a dreadful explosion ensued. Some of the negroes and Choctaws were found at a considerable distance from the fort-all torn to pieces! Gen. Jackson, the hon. Jesse Franklin of North-Nearly every soul in the den of robbers perished. Carolina, and Gen. Merewether of Georgia, have The number of men, women, and children abeen appointed to hold a treaty with the Chicka-mounted in all to about 300. The chief of the saw Indians on the 1st inst.

It is said that Gen. Coffee and the hon. John Rhea have been appointed commissioners to treat with the Chactaws in October next.

Mr. Barkley, the British commissioner, appointed under the 4th article of the treaty of Ghent, arrived in Boston on the 30th ult. on his way to St. Andrews, there to meet Mr. Holmes, the commissioner on the part of the United States, to decide on the disputed claim of their respective governments to the islands in Passamaquoddy Bay and the Island of Grand Menan. After they meet they have the privilege to adjourn to some convenient place for a final adjustment.

Th court martial for the trial of Gen. Gaines convened in New-York on the 2d inst. agreeably

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Choctaws was found alive, but very much bruised and burnt. The chief of the negroes (whom they called sergeant-major) was also found alive-but quite blind. These two the Indians scalped & shot.

"The only loss sustained on our side was Midshipman Luffborough and three sailors, who were sent on shore for the purpose of procuring water, and were killed and scalped by the Indians. This happened before our troops arrived. The officers attached to this command were Col. Clinch, Maj. Mulenburg, Capt. Taylor, Lieuts. M'Gavock, Wilson, Randolph, and Dr. Buck. Our only regret, notwithstanding our complete success, is, that Nicholls and Woodbine, the British agents who planted this virtuous community, were not included in the explosion."

NO. 3. VOL. II.] WASHINGTON, SATURDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1816. [WHOLE NO. 29.

PUBLISHED WEEKLY, BY JOEL K. MEAD, AT FIVE DOLLARS PER ANNUM.

The last accounts from England represent that country in a state of unexampled distress, occasioned partly by the weather, and partly by the condition of things in Europe. It is stated also,|| that Sweden is nearly in a similar state. The weather in this country has likewise been very unfavourable to the production of corn this season, and it is conjectured that not more than the fourth of a crop will be made. It would be well, in order to prevent distress here, to suggest to the farmers and planters the propriety of retain-populated the new city, by entirely extirpating ing their grain for the consumption of their own countrymen, from whom it is probable they will be able to get as good a price as they can any where else, and, at the same time, do a service to their country.