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the term of 15 Years, to be reckoned from the date of the exchange of the Ratifications of the Treaty; and further, until one or other of the High Contracting Parties shall give notice of its termination. In which case, this Treaty shall terminate at the end. of 2 Years from the date of such notice.

XXIX. The present Treaty shall be ratified by the High Contract ing Parties, and the Ratifications thereof shall be exchanged within the space of 4 months, or sooner if possible.

In witness whereof, we the Undersigned, Plenipotentiaries of His Britannick Majesty, and of His Imperial Majesty, in virtue of our respective Full Powers, have signed the present Treaty with our hands, and have caused the Seal of our Arms to be affixed thereunto.

Done in the City of Rio de Janeiro, the 17th day of August, in the Year of our Lord, 1827.

(L.S.) R. GORDON.

espaço de 15 Annos, que principiarão á decorrer desde a data da troca das Ratificações deste Tratado, e por mais tempo até que huma ou outra das Altas Partes Contractantes dê parte da sua terminação. No qual caso este Tratado se acabará no fim de 2 Annos depois da data da dita parte.

XXIX. O presente Tratado será Ratificado pelas Altas Partes Contractantes, e as Ratificações serão trocadas dentro do espaço de 4 mezes, ou mais cedo se for possivel.

Em testemunho do que, nos os abaixo assignados Plenipotenciarios de Sua Magestade o Imperador do Brasil, e de Sua Magestade Britannica, em virtude dos nossos Plenos Poderes, temos assignado o presente Tratado com os nossos punhos, e lhe fizemos pôr o Sello das nossas Armas.

Feito na Cidade do Rio de Janeiro, nos 17 dias do mez de Agosto, do Anno do Nascimento de Nosso Senhor Jesus Christo de 1827.

(L.S.) MARQ. DE QUELUZ.
(L.S.) VISCONDE DE SAO
LEOPOLDO.

(L.S.) MARQ. DE MACEYO.

[The Ratifications of this Treaty were exchanged in London, on

the 10th of November, 1827.]

PAPERS relative to the Negociations for Peace, and the Preliminary Convention (not ratified) between Brazil and the United Provinces of the Rio de La Plata.

No.

April to July, 1827.

1. Instructions to Don M. J. Garcia,

Page

Plenipotentiary from Buenos Ayres.. Buenos Ayres, 19th April, 1827. 1026

2. Preliminary Convention.....

Rio Janeiro, 24th May,

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Buenos Ayres, 6th July,

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3. Resolution of the Government........ Buenos Ayres, 25th June, 4. Exposé of Don M. J. Garcia..

(1.)—Instructions which are to govern Don Manuel Jose Garcia, in the discharge of the Commission with which he has been entrusted to the Court of Rio Janeiro. (Translation.)

Buenos Ayres, 19th April, 1827.

THE principal object which the Government proposes to obtain by means of the Mission of Don Manuel Jose Garcia to the Court of Rio Janeiro, is to accelerate the termination of the War, and the re-establishment of Peace between the Republick and the Empire of Brazil, which the interests of the Nation imperiously demand. The Government leaves to the ability, prudence, and zeal of Señor Garcia, the adoption of the means which may be employed for the execution of this important object; for this reason it confines itself to making the following remarks:

1st. As soon as Señor Garcia shall arrive at the Port of Rio Janeiro, in the character which he bears, of Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the Republick to His Britannick Majesty, he shall enter into communication with Mr. Gordon, Minister Plenipotentiary of Great Britain at the Court of Brazil, and the moment he shall obtain, by his intervention, an assurance of being properly received by His Imperial Majesty to treat concerning Peace, and, in consequence, the necessary passport, he shall proceed to his disembarkation, and take the other steps which belong to the fulfilment of his Mission. If, unfortunately, this cannot be obtained, he shall return to this Capital in a Ship of War belonging to His Britannick Majesty, for which purpose he shall solicit the necessary assistance from the said Mr. Gordon,

2d. In case the Government of Brazil shall consent to treat concerning Peace, Señor Garcia is fully authorized to adjust and conclude any Preliminary Convention or Treaty, which may tend to the cessation of War, and the re-establishment of Peace between the Republick and the Empire of Brazil, on honourable terms, and with the reciprocal guarantees of both Countries; and which shall have for basis the restitution of the Oriental Province, or the erection and acknowledgment of the said Territory as a separate State, free and independent, under the forms and rules which its own Inhabitants shall choose and sanction.

In this latter case, no compensation to be demanded by the Belligerent Parties..

3d. Señor Garcia may assure the Government of Brazil, that, this step being effected, he will enter into a Treaty concerning the regulation of limits between the Republick and Brazil, and to establish and regulate the Relations of Amity, Commerce, and Navigation, in such manner as shall conduce to the prosperity and reciprocal aggrandizement of both Countries.

4th. The Preliminary Convention, or Treaty of Peace, as described in the Second Article, being made, Señor Garcia shall remit it to the Government by the Secretary of Legation, informing it as may be proper, and he will await its Ratification and Orders.

5th. If, unfortunately, the Government of Brazil, without lending an ear to reason, should absolutely refuse an honourable and worthy Convention, Señor Garcia shall demand his Passport, and return to this Capital to inform his Government.

Don Manuel José Garcia.

RIVADAVIA.

FRANCISCO DE LA CRUZ.

(2.) Preliminary Convention between Brazil and the United Provinces of the Rio de La Plata. Signed at Rio Janeiro, 24th May, 1827.

En Nombre de la Santisima é Indi

visivel Trinidad.

LA República de las Provincias Unidas del Rio de la Plata, y Su Magestad el Emperador del Brasil, deseando sinceramente poner término á las desavenencias sucitadas entre ambos Estados; hacer cesar cuanto antes las calamidades de la Guerra; y restablecer la armonia, amistad y buena inteligencia que deben existir entre Naciones vecinas, especialmente cuando la riqueza y prosperidad de ellas estan tan íntimamente ligadas; resolvieron ajustar una Convencion Preliminar, que sirva de base al Tratado definitivo de Paz, que debe celebrarse entre ambas las Altas Partes Contratantes; y para este efecto nombraron por sus Plenipotenciarios, á saber:

(Translation.)

In the Name of the most Holy and
Undivided Trinity.

THE Republick of the United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata and His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, sincerely desiring to put an end to the differences that exist between both States; to cause a speedy termination of the calamities of War; and to re-establish the harmony, friendship, and good understanding which ought to subsist between neighbouring Nations, especially when their riches and prosperity are so intimately connected: have resolved to draw up a Preliminary Convention, which shall serve as a basis for a definitive Treaty of Peace, which is to be concluded between the High Contracting Parties; and for this purpose they have appointed their respective Plenipotentiaries, to wit:

La República de las Provincias Unidas del Rio de la Plata, al Ciudadano Don Manuel J. García. Su Magestad el Emperador del Brasil al Illmo. y Exmo. Marques de Queluz, de su Consejo de Estado, Senador del Imperio, Gran Cruz de la Orden Imperial del Crucero, Comendador de la de Cristo, Ministro y Secretario de Estado de los Negocios Estrangeros; al Vizconde de San Leopoldo, de su Consejo de Estado, Grande y Senador del Imperio, Oficial de la Orden Imperial del Crucero, Caballero de la de Cristo, Ministro y Secretario de Estado de los Negocios del Imperio; y al Marquez de Maçaio, de su Consejo, Gentil-hombre de su Imperial Cámara, Oficial de la Orden Imperial del Crucero, Comendador de la de Cristo, Caballero de las de Torre y Espada y San Juan de Jerusalen, Teniente Coronel del Estado Mayor del Ejército, Ministro y Secretario de Estado de los Negocios de Marina.

Los cuales, despues de haber cangeado sus respectivos Plenos Poderes, que fueron hallados en buena y debida forma, acordaron y convinieron en los Artículos siguientes:

ART. I. La República de las Provincias Unidas del Rio de la Plata reconoce la Independencia é integridad del Imperio del Brasil, y renuncia á todos los derechos que podria pretender al Territorio de la Provincia de Montevideo, llamada hoi Cisplatina. Su Magestad el Emperador del Brasil reconoce igualmente la Independencia é integridad de la Repúb

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The Republick of the United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata, the Citizen Don Manuel J. Garcia. His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, the Most Illustrious and Most Excellent, Marquis of Queluz, of his Council of State, Senator of the Empire, Grand Cross of the Imperial Order of the Cross, Commander of the Order of Christ, and Minister Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs; Viscount St. Leopoldo, of his Council of State, Grandee and Senator of the Empire, Officer of the Imperial Order of the Cross, Knight of the Order of Christ, Minister Secretary of State of the Empire; and the Marquis of Maçaio, of his Council, Gentleman of his Imperial Chamber, Officer of the Imperial Order of the Cross, Commander of the Order of Christ, Knight of the Orders of the Tower and the Sword, and St. John of Jerusalem, Lieutenant-Colonel of the Staff of the Army, Minister Secretary of State of the Department of Marine.

Who, after having exchanged their respective Full Powers, which were found to be in good and due form, resolved and agreed uponthe following Articles :

ART. I. The Republick of the United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata acknowledges the Independence and integrity of the Empire of Brazil, and renounces all rights to which it might pretend to the Territory of the Province of Monte Video, now called Cisplatine. His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil, equally acknowledges the Independence and in

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lica de las Provincias Unidas del integrity of the Republick of the
Rio de la Plata.
United Provinces of the Rio de la
Plata.

II. Su Magestad el Emperador del Brazil promete del modo mas solemne, que, de acuerdo con la Asamblea Legislativa del Imperio, cuidará de arreglar consumo esmero la Provincia Cisplatina, del mismo modo, ó mejor aun, que las otras Provincias del Imperio, atendiendo à que sus Habitantes hicieron el sacrificio de su Independencia por la incorporacion al mismo Imperio; dándoles un regimen apropiado á sus costumbres y necesidades, que no solo assegure la tranquilidad del Imperio, sino tambien la de sus vecinos.

III. La República de las Provincias Unidas retirará sus Tropas del Territorio Cisplatino, despues de la Ratification de esta Convencion; las cuales principiaràn su marcha 24 horas despues que fueran notificadas. La misma República pondra las dichas Tropas en pié de Paz, conservando solamente el número necesario para mantener el órden y tranquilidad interior del Pais. Su Magestad Imperial, por su parte, harà otro tanto en la misma Provincia.

IV. La Isla de Martin Garcia se pondrá en el statu quo ante bellum, retirandose de elle las Baterías y pertrecos.

V. En atencion à que la República de las Provincias Unidas ha empleado Corsarios en la Guerra contra el Imperio del Brasil, halla justo y honorable pagar el valor de las presas que se probare haber

II. His Majesty the Emperor of Brazil promises in the most so lemn manner, that, in accordance with the Legislative Assembly of the Empire, he will regulate with the utmost attention the Cisplatine Province, in the same or even a better manner than the other Provinces of the Empire, in consideration of the Inhabitants having sacrificed their Independence to be incorporated with the said Empire; and will give them a form of Government suited to their customs and necessities, which may not only secure the tranquillity of the Empire, but also that of its Neighbours.

III. The Republick of the United Provinces shall withdraw its Troops from the Cisplatine Territory after the Ratification of this Convention; the said Troops shall commence their march 24 hours after receiving notification thereof. The said Republick shall place the said Troops on a peace establishment, keeping only the necessary number to maintain the internal order and tranquillity of the Country. His Imperial Majesty, on his part, will do the same in the said Province.

IV. The Island of Martin Garcia shall be placed in statu quo ante bellum, the Batteries and warlike stores being withdrawn from it.

V. Considering that the Republick of the United Provinces has employed Privateers in the War against the Empire of Brazil, it finds it just and honourable to pay the value of the Prizes which shall

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