In computing the steam received by the engine, I have taken the portion of the cylinder filled at seventy-five pounds gauge pressure, it being on the clearly defined expansion

In computing the amount of steam delivered to the exhaust pipe, I have taken the volume of the cylinder up to the point of closing of the exhaust valve.

Portion of cylinder exhausted against 11 pounds back press

ure:

No. 1 card,

No. 2 card,

No. 3 card,

No. 4 card,

Total,

Area of 38-inch diar piston,

area of 5 piston rod,

Average net area of piston,

1.123.288 X 4

=

144

.840

.845

.853

.905

3.443*

Square Inches.

1,134.118

10.823

1,123.288

31.2024 cubic feet swept by piston per stroke. 31.204 X 1.211 37.786 cubic feet of steam at 75 pounds pressure,

4.831.1 cubic feet per pound =7.82 pounds per revolution at 75 per year. 429.72 cubic feet rejected by the engine per

124.81 X 3.443

=

revolution at 11 pounds.

* Cylinders full per revolution.

429.72

4 x 15.39

=

6.95 pounds rejected per revolution at 11 pounds press

7.82 x 78 x 60 1.4 64.79 horse-power

6.95 x 78 x 60 1.4 64.79

ure.

24.98 pounds of water per hour per horse-power accounted for by cards as received.

22 pounds of water accounted for by cards as exhausted against 11 pounds.

The cards account for 24.98 pounds of water received by the engine, and it is safe to say that this is 80 per cent. of water pumped to boiler, therefore 24.98 31.22 pounds of water per horse-power required by the boiler.

80

==

The exhaust steam had more heat in it when it was received in the engine; part of the heat of that steam has passed into waste, and the engine is chargeable with the heat which the steam has lost, and is to be credited with 22.2 pounds of steam at 11 pounds pressure per gauge; or, stated in other terms, 31.2222.2 9.02 pounds of steam at 92 pounds gauge pressure, and the difference in the heat valve of 22.2 pounds of steam at 92 pounds and at 11 pounds.

At 92 pounds gauge pressure the total heat in steam above 32° is 1,182.95 units, and the average feed temperature of water supplied to boiler is 150°; therefore it will require 1,182.95 (150.32) = 1,064.95 heat units per pound, or 1,064.95 9.02 9,605.84, for the portion of steam not accounted for in the exhaust.

=

=

The total heat at 11 pounds gauge pressure is 1,155.96, then 1,182.95-1,155.96 26.99 units of heat given up per pound of steam before exhausted and 26.99 × 22.2 599.178 heat units; therefore 9,605.84+599.18 10,205.02 total heat units expended per hour per horse-power.

With the type of boiler in use I have by test obtained 11,379 heat units per pound of coal burned, and this would make a horse-power cost 11,375.89 pounds of coal per hour.

10,205

It is safe to say the cost of running this mill is less than one pound of coal per horse-power per hour.

That is true as long as we have use for the exhaust steam,

but it is not absolutely true for the whole sixty hours a week that we run. Along about half-past eleven generally the work is shut off at the dye house, and there is a loss of exhaust steam, and the engine will go up to three pounds of coal per horse-power, two and a half or three. The same is true late in the afternoon; but there is a margin during the rest of the day inside of a pound of coal. So, taking the day through, if we should stop that mill it would reduce our coal expenditure in the boiler house less than 1,400 pounds an hour.

That I consider merely as one instance coming under the general head laid down in the programme, but not covering the whole announcement.

The PRESIDENT. Before proceeding with the discussion of this subject, we will listen to the report of the committee on nominations.

Mr. W. E. PARKER. The committee appointed to bring in nominations beg leave to report the following: For President, ROBERT MCARTHUR; Vice-Presidents, E. W. THOMAS, A. M. GOODALE; Directors, W. H. WHITIN, W. J. KENT, A. F. KNIGHT, F. C. McDUFFIE, GEORGE W. BEAN, F. M. MESSENGER.

The PRESIDENT. You have heard the names of the persons nominated for officers for the ensuing year. I presume it will be necessary to vote by ballot.

Mr. W. F. DRAPER, Jr. I move that the Secretary be instructed to cast one ballot for the list of nominees brought in by your committee.

The PRESIDENT. If there is no objection, we will proceed in that way.

The SECRETARY.

I cast one ballot in behalf of the Association for the list of officers as reported by the committee.

President MCARTHUR. I thank you most sincerely for this second manifestation of your favor, and I shall endeavor to serve you during the ensuing year to the best of my ability. I trust that the members of the Board of Directors, when they are called upon, which will be soon, to prepare topics for our next meeting, will respond promptly, and will not only appear, but will be prepared to present topics of interest for discussion. We will now proceed with the discussion of the paper just read by Mr. MANNING.

Mr. W. E. PARKER. I shall be glad to hear from Mr. CHARLES T. MAIN, who, I think, has some facts of a kindred

nature.

Mr. MAIN. Before the engine at the Lower Pacific Mills was changed, it was a cross-compound, with high-pressure