22. From that moment neither party to the difference should directly or indirectly do anything which could be interpreted as an attempt or indication of persistence in the conduct or acts which led to the difference.

23. If the nature of the difference is such that a modus vivendi pending the settlement is necessary and cannot be arrived at by mutual agreement, the Tribunal should be requested to arrange the same, each of the two disputant nations sending in writing, within a time to be limited, its view of what the character of the modus vivendi should be.

24. On receipt of the same the Tribunal should nominate a Committee of itself, consisting of three members, not being of the nationality of the disputants, to arrange the terms of the modus, and should, if the same be not accepted, sit as a Court of Appeal from the decision of such Committee, and finally determine the same.

25. The Tribunal should appoint a time within which the disputant powers should prepare and send in their respective cases and counter-cases.

26. On receipt of such cases the Tribunal should consider the same, and therefrom frame distinct issues of facts and law for decision.

27. Such issues should then be communicated to the disputants for their observations and assent. If they agree, then a day should be appointed, when the Tribunal will hear the case. If the parties do not agree on the issues, the hearing must be deferred until, with the assistance of the Tribunal, they are framed to meet the views of the litigants.

28. The disputant Powers should, if either think fit, nominate agents to represent them, as also counsel to argue the respective cases on the hearing.

29. All documents, including cases and counter-cases, may be

22. A partir de ce moment, chacune des parties en cause s'abstiendra de tout acte qui, directement ou indirectement, pourrait être interprété comme une agression de sa part ou comme indiquant qu'elle persiste dans la conduite ou les faits qui ont provoqué le litige.

23. Si le différend est de telle nature qu'un modus vivendi, en attendant sa solution, soit nécessaire et ne puisse être fixé à l'amiable, le Tribunal sera invité à le déterminer, après que chacune des nations litigantes lui aura fait connaître par écrit, dans un délai limité, sa manière de voir sur le caractère que doit revêtir le modus vivendi.

24. A la réception de ces pièces, le Tribunal nommera une commission de trois membres, dont aucun ne peut être ressortissant d'un des Etats en cause, et la chargera d'arranger les termes du modus vivendi; si ce dernier n'est pas accepté, le tribunal siégera comme cour d'appel et prononcera en dernier ressort.

25. Le tribunal fixera aux Etats litigants un terme avant l'expiration duquel ils devront préparer et envoyer leurs mémoires pour et contre.

26. Après réception de ces mémoires, le tribunal les examinera et rédigera un exposé des questions de fait et de droit, soulevées dans l'espèce.

27. Cet exposé sera soumis aux parties pour qu'elles l'acceptent ou fassent leurs observations. S'il est accepté, on fixera le jour où la cause sera appelée. S'il n'est pas accepté, la cause doit être ajournée jusqu'à ce que, avec le concours du Tribunal, il soit rédigé conformément aux vues des parties en cause.

28. Les Etats litigants peuvent, s'ils le jugent à propos, désigner des agents pour les représenter et des avocats pour soutenir leur cause devant le Tribunal.

29. Tous les documents, y compris les mémoires des deman

in the respective languages of the disputants, but must be accompanied by verified translations in French, and all oral arguments must be in French.

30. The Tribunal should have full power to call for the production of any documents it may require, and for such other evidence as it may desire; and it should be empowered proprio motu to issue commissions for the purpose of obtaining evidence, appoint commissioners, and enable them to administer oaths; and to receive and consider the evidence thus obtained, if it thinks desirable, in private; the same being preserved, under the seal of the Court, in the archives thereof.

31. On the settlement of the issues, the Tribunal should possess the power to permit the intervention of third Powers on due and sufficient cause being shown that their interests are affected, or likely to be affected, by any decision the Tribunal may arrive at, and in its decisions on the main issue between the original parties to the dispute the Tribunal should be empowered to make such terms as regards such intervening parties as will safeguard their interests.

32. The mode in which the decisions or judgments of the Tribunal are to be given should be as follows:

After consultation and discussion, each member of the Tribunal should draw up his judgment in the first instance in draft, and each judgment should be identified by a private mark, so that the author of the same should be unknown to his colleagues. Copies of each judgment, unmarked and unauthenticated, should be supplied by the chief Secretary to every member of the tribunal, each member thus having the opportunity of becoming acquainted with the views and opinions of his colleagues before the same are finally settled, without however knowing whose views and opinions they are, so that each Senator may have the opportunity of considering such views and opinions, of pointing out fallacies and errors, or correcting or modifying his own views. Then each

deurs et des défendeurs, peuvent être rédigés dans la langue des parties, mais ils doivent être accompagnés de traductions vidimées en langue française et tous les débats oraux doivent avoir lieu en français.

30. Le tribunal a le droit d'exiger la production des documents qu'il juge utiles et des autres moyens de preuves qu'il peut désirer; il peut nommer de son propre chef des commissions pour s'assurer de certains faits et nommer des commissaires ayant la faculté d'assermenter des témoins; et de recevoir et apprécier à huis clos les preuves ainsi obtenues. Les rapports de ces commissaires sont conservés dans les archives sous le sceau de la Cour.

31. Dans ses exposés, le Tribunal peut permettre l'intervention de tierces parties lorsqu'il est évident pour lui que leurs intérêts sont ou seront vraisemblablement mis en cause par le jugement qui sera rendu, et, dans la décision sur la partie essentielle du litige entre les litigants primitifs, il a le droit de faire des stipulations en vue de sauvegarder les intérêts des intervenants.

32. Les jugements seront rendus dans les formes suivantes :

Après la consultation et la discussion, chaque membre du Tribunal opinera en première instance par écrit et sous pli cacheté portant un signe connu de lui seul, de telle sorte que ses collègues ne sachent pas quel a été son jugement. Le Chef-secrétaire remettra une copie de ces avis à chacun des membres du Tribunal, de manière à ce qu'il connaisse les opinions de ses collègues avant le vote définitif, sans toutefois savoir lequel d'entre eux a émis tel ou tel avis De cette façon, chaque Sénateur pourra apprécier ce qu'il y a de juste ou d'erroné dans les appréciations des autres membres de la Cour et aura la possibilité de corriger ou de modifier sa propre opinion. Chaque membre du

member should draw up his final judgment, affixing thereto his private mark, and send the same in a sealed envelope to the chief Secretary.

33. The chief Secretary should then, after perusing the same, determine in whose favour the majority of the judgments is, and should draw up from the same minutes, and submit the same to the authors of the majority of the judgments, which minutes as finally settled, should constitute the judgment of the Tribunal.

34. Such judgment should then be officially delivered to the disputants, and within one month of such delivery to all the Concurring Nations. If the judgment be complied with, then the judgments, accompanied by a precis of the case and counter-case, should be communicated in extenso, so that every nation may know the views of the Tribunal on the law and the facts.

35. No appeal should lie from such judgment. All the judgments as well those of the minority as those of the majority, together with the final judgment-should be made matter of record, and should be published, with the names of the respective authors, together with the precis of the case and counter-case, at the end of a term-say-of three years.

36. The Tribunal, besides hearing and deciding judicially matters in difference, should be also prepared at the instance of any two or more nations to express an extra-judicial opinion on any question of law or interpretation of treaties, with the object of preventing differences arising in the future.

37. It should also be ready, in view of Conferences or Congresses of Sovereigns and Statesmen, to suggest modifications and alterations with reference to international law on points of difference which remain unsettled-such as privateering, right of search, neutral rights, blockade, &c., &c.-and on which differences of opinion exist.

38. The Concurring Powers should also confer on the Tribunal in its character of a "College of International Law," a faculty to