rand, and other Members—The Debate continued for Four Nights,

after which the Amendment is rejected by 308 to 202—On the First

Reading, Lord John Russell moves the Rejection of the Bill-Speeches

of Sir Robert Peel, Mr. Raikes Currie, and Mr. Roebuck-The Amend-

ment is negatived on a Division by 286 to 188—-Progress of the Bill in

Committee-Amendment of Mr. Ricardo for exempting Terminable

Annuities is rejected-Discussion on Schedule D-Mr. Roebuck moves

an Amendment to reduce the Amount payable on Profits of Trades and

Professions-It is opposed by the Government, and rejected-Rapid

Progress of the Committee with the Clauses of the Bill-Mr. F.

Baring's Proposal to exempt Foreign Fundholders, and various other

Amendments, are defeated by large Majorities, and the Bill passes

through Comınittee-On the 'Third Reading Mr. S. Crawford moves an

Amendment which is negatived-Mr. Hume and Mr. F. Baring oppose

the Measure-Speech of Mr. Goulburn-The Third Reading is carried

by 199 to 69

[71

CHAPTER V.

New Tariff-Preliminary Statement of Sir Robert

Peel, before going into

Committee-Speeches of Messrs. Labouchere, D’Israeli, Huine, Glad-

stone, E. B. Roche, and G. Palmer-Motion of Major Vivian, respecting

alleged Suppression of Information by Government-Debate, and Divi-

sion thereon-Motion of Lord Howick against extension of differential

Duties—It is opposed by Mr. Gladstone and other Members, and

rejected by 281 to 108-The House goes into Committee on the Bill-

Debate on Reduction of Duties on Agricultural Produce - Mr. P. Miles

moves an Amendment respecting Duty on live Cattle-He is supported

by Mr. R. Palmer, Earl of March, and Mr. G. Heathcote-Opposed by

Mr. Gladstone, Lord Norreys, Mr. Gally Knight, and others-Speeches

of Lord John Russell and Sir Robert Peel-Mr. Miles's Amendment

lost by a Majority of 267–Other Amendments moved by Major Vivian

and Mr. Villiers-Rejected - The Committee discuss the Items of the

Bill seriatim— Various Amendments relating to Butter, Potatoes, Tim-

ber, Cotton-Wool, and other Articles, withdrawn or negatived-The

Bill goes through Committee—Read a Third Time on 28th June-

Remarks of Lord John Russell on that occasion-Declarations of Sir

R. Peel respecting Commercial Measures of Foreign States – Debates

on Customs-Duties Bill in the House of Lords-It is introduced by a

Speech of Lord Ripon-Earl Stanhope moves its rejection- The Duke

of Richmond supports the Amendment-Lords Clanricarde and Mont-

eagle speak in favour of the Bill—The Second Reading carried by 59

to 4-In Committee, Amendments moved by Earl Stanhope are re-

jected; and third Reading carried by 52 to 9-Debate in the House of

Commons on Sugar Duties—The Chancellor of the Exchequer moves

to continue existing Duties for one year--Mr. Roebuck moves an

Amendment to equalise Foreign and Colonial Duties-It is defeated by

59 to 18—Another Amendment for reduction of Duties, proposed by

Mr. Labouchere—Speeches of Mr. Gladstone, Mr. Hume, Lord John

Russell, Mr. Roebuck, and Sir Robert Peel --Mr, Goulburn's Resolu.

tion is carried by 245 to 164

[103

CHAPTER VI.

Debates on the State of the Country and Public Distress--Prevailing

topics of the Session---Mr. Wallace proposes a Series of Resolutions

and Address to the Queen on the State of the Nation-Speeches of Sir

James Graham, Dr. Bowring, Mr. M. Attwood, Lord John Russell,

Sir Robert Peel, Mr. Ellice, Lord Palmerston, Lord Stanley, Mr. Roe-

buck, and other Members The Debate is continued by Adjournment

for three nights-On a Division the Resolutions are negatived by 174

to 49-The same Subject comes under Discussion a few nights after-

wards on a Motion by Mr. Villiers for a Select Committee on the Corn-

laws-Mr. Fielden seconds the Motion-It is opposed by Mr. P.

Howard and Sir C. Napier-Sir Robert Peel complains of the Obstruc-

tion offered to Business by the Opposition-He vindicates the New

Corn-law and Financial Measures, and states his Opinions respecting

the Effects of Machinery on the Employment of the People, and his

Prospects of the Improvement of Trade-Speeches of Lord John Rus-

sell, Mr. Cobden, and Lord Howick--Mr. Villiers' Motion is rejected

by 231 to 117–Lord Brougham introduces the Subject of the National

Distress in the House of Lords in moving for a Select Committee-He

discusses at large the Principles of Commercial Policy-Speeches of

Earl of Ripon, Earl of Stanhope, Lord Kinnaird, Marquess of Clanri-

carde, Viscount Melbourne, and Earl of Radnor-Lord Brougham's

Motion is rejected by 61 to 14–The great Cbartist Petition is presented

in the Houss of Commons-Its vast Bulk and Number of Signatures

- Procession of Petitioners and singular Spectacle at the Presentation

-Debate on the Petition introduced by Mr. T. Duncombe who moves

that the Petitioners be heard by Counsel at the Bar-Motion seconded

by Mr. Leader, and supported by Messrs. Roebuck, Hume, Wakley,

Villiers, O'Connell, and Muntz-Opposed by Mr. Macaulay, Lord f.

Egerton, Mr. Hawes, Mr. Oswald, Lord John Russell, and Sir Robert

Peel-The Motion rejected by 287 to 49.

[133

CHAPTER VII.

Lord Ashley's bill for restraining the Employment of Women and Chil-

dren in Nlines and Collieries—Extracts from the Report of the Com-

missioners of Inquiry-Impression made by Lord Ashley's statement

upon the House of Commons-Speeches of Mr. Fox Maule, Lord F.

Egerton, Sir J. Graham, and other Members Leave given to bring in

the Bill nem. con. --Rapid progress of the measure in the House of
Commons --It is passed with slight opposition—It is introduced in an

altered form in the House of Lords. "Debates on the Second Reading

--Lord Wharncliffe states the intentions of the Government respecting

it--Lord Londonderry moves, that it be read a second time that day

six months, but the Motion is not seconded. Speech of Lord Brougham

before going into Committee-Various amendments are proposed and

negatived, and the Bill passed - Debates in the House of Commons on

the Lords’ Amendments-Charges against the Government made by

Lord Palmerston and Mr. C. Buller-Sir R. Peel vindicates the Minis-

ters-The Amendments agreed to-Bribery at Elections - Singular

result of proceedings before Committees --General reports respecting

compromises of Petitions-Mr. Roebuck undertakes an inquiry-He

addresses questions to the Members for Reading, Nottingham, Har-

wich, Penryn and Lewes-- Their answers--Mr. Roebuck states his

charges and moves for a Select Committee—Mr. Fitzroy seconds the

notion-Adjourned debate-Speeches of Mr. Wynn, Mr. Ward, Lord

Palmerston, Sir R. Inglis, Sir R. Peel, Lord J. Russell, Lord Stanley,

and others - Mr. Roebuck amends his Motion, which is then carried

without a division-Mr. T. Duncombe proposes a test for the Com-

mittee, which is rejected-Nomination of the Committee-An Act of
Indemnity for Witnesses passed-Presentation of the Report of the

Committee-Particulars of compromises in the cases of Harwich, Not-

tingham, Lewes, Reading, Penryn, and Bridport-Mr. Roebuck moves

Resolutions founded on the Report-Speeches of Mr. C. Russell, Major

Beresford, Mr. Fitzroy, Captain Plumridge, and Lord Chelsea-The

Solicitor-General moves the previous question-Sir R. Peel states reasons

for opposing the Resolutions, which are negatived on a division-The

Chancellor of the Exchequer refuses Lord Chelsea's application for

the Chiltern Hundreds Lord Palmerston finds fault with the Govern-

ment-The Chancellor of the Exchequer and Sir R. Peel vindicate the

course adopted for frustrating the Compromises published by the Com-

mittee—Statement of Captain Plụmridge Suspension of the Writs for

Nottingham, Ipswich, Southampton, and Newcastle-under-Lyne-They

are finally issued-Bill for Disfranchisement of Sudbury carried in the

House of Commons, but afterwards dropped-Bill of Lord J. Russell

for the prevention of Bribery at Elections

[161

a

CHAPTER VIII.

Law Reformg-The Lord Chancellor gives notice of Bills relatiug to

Bankruptcy, Lunacy, and County Courts-His Speech on the Second

Reading-They pass the House of Lords-County Courts' Bill is post-

poned till the following Session-The other two Bills carried-Lord

Campbell proposes Bills to alter the constitution of Courts of Appeal —

They are rejected in the House of Lords—Marriage Law-Motion of

Lord F. Egerton, for leave to bring in a Bill to legalise Marriages con-

tracted with deceased Wife's Sister-Speech of Sir R. Inglis against

the Motion-It is supported by Mr. Milnes, Mr. Borthwick, Mr. C.

Buller, and Mr. C. Wood; and opposed by Mr. Goulburn, Lord Ashley,

the Solicitor-General, and Mr. O'Connell-On a Division it is negatived

by 123 to 100_Bill for the better Protection of the Royal Person, intro-

duced by Sir Robert Peel, in consequence of the outrages of Bean and

Francis-It is carried immediately in both Houses-Church Rates ; Sir

John Easthope's Bill for their Abolition-It is opposed by Sir R. Inglis

and Mr. Goulburn, and rejected by 162 to 82-Grant to Maynooth

College-Mr. Plumptre, Mr. Bateson, Sir H. Smith, Colonel Verner,

and other Members speak against it-Speech of Lord Eliot-It is

affirmed by a majority of 47- Poor Law Amendment Bill, introduced

by Sir J. Graham-Principal objects and Provisions of the Measure -

A few of the Clauses are carried, and the rest postponed-Mr. Escott

makes a motion against the principle of excluding Out-door Relief-Sir

James Graham opposes it, and it is rejected after a Discussion, by 90 to

55—Review of the Session-Lord Palmerston moves for Returns to

show the number of Bills brought into the House of Commons, and the

Result as to each-He reviews the Domestic and Foreign Policy of the

Government at great length, and with much sarcasm-He is ably an-

swered by Sir Robert Peel, who retorts severely on the Whig party-

Prorogation of Parliament by the Queen, on the 12th of August-Her

Majesty's Speech-Concluding Remarks

[198

a

CHAPTER IX.

INDIA.

AFFGHANISTAN.-Collision with the Eastern Ghilzieg-Causes of the

Quarrel. Reduction of stipulated Payment-Kafila seized at Tezeen

-Sir Robert Sale sent to force the Khoord Cabul Pass-The Pass

carried—March of Sir R. Sale to Jellalabad-Severe contest in the

Jugdulluck Pass-Arrival at Jellalabad-Position of the British Forces

at Cabul-Situation of the Cantonments-Outbreak of the Insurrection

at Cabul-Cause of this-Murder of Sir Alexander Burnes and other Offi-

cers—Troops withdrawn into Cantonments from the Seeah Sung Camp

-Attacks of the Affghans upon the British Cantonments-Sir W. Mac-

naghten negociates with the hostile Chiefs—Terms agreed upon-Plot

laid for the Envoy—Secret Agreement entered into between Sir W.

Macnaghten and Akbar Khan-Murder of Sir W. Macnaghten and

Captain Trevor-Renewal of Negotiations with the Affghan Chiefs-

Additional Terms agreed upon- The British troops leave the Canton-

ments—Treacherous Attacks of the Affghans-Perfidy of Akbar Khan

-Hostages given up to him-Continued attacks of the Affghans—The

Ladies are placed under the Protection of Akbar Khan-Destruction

of the native Indian Troops in the Huft Kothul Pass-Miserable Situa-

tion of the British Forces in the Tezeen Valley-General Elphinstone de-

tained Prisoner by Akbar Khan-Destruction of H. M.'s 44th Regiment

-Massacre of the Officers, and Escape of Dr. Brydon—The Affghans

invest Jellalabad-Gallant Conduct of Sir Robert Sále-Measures taken

by the Indian Government-Lord Ellenborough arrives at Calcutta-

Troops collected at the Mouth of the Khyber Pass under Brigadier Wild

- Failure of attempt to force the Pass

[233

CHAPTER X.

AFFGHANISTAN continued-General Pollock takes the command, and de-

termines to force the Khyber Pass-Description of the Defile-The Fort

Ali Musjid taken by the British Troops-March of the Army through

the Khyber Pass-Arrival at Jellalabad-Account of the Operations there

previously-Important Victory of the Garrison over the Affghans headed

by Akbar Khan-Death of General Elphinstone-Occurrences at Cabul

-Murder of Shah Soojah—His son Futteh Jung proclaimed King-Long

Detention of the British Troops at Jellalabad-Akbar Khan treats for

the Surrender of his Prisoners-Situation of the Prisoners - State of

Affairs at Cabul-General Pollock advances from Jellalabad-Futteh

Jung joins the British Camp-Conflict at Jugdulluk-Description of

the different Passes and Defiles-Final Defeat of Akbar Khan in the

Tezeen Valley—The British Army reaches Cabul-Release of the Pris

S--Proclamation by the Governor-General for the Evacuation of

Affghanistan-General McCaskill sent into Kohistan-Defeat of the

Affghans at Istaliff-Destruction of the Grand Bazaar at Cabul-The

British Forces evacuate Cabul-March to Peshawur-Jellalabad de

stroyed-Arrival at Peshawur-Evacuation of Quetta by General Eng-

land-March through the Bolan Pass-Proclamations by the Governor-

General. -CANDAHAR and GuuzNEE.-The Insurrection spreads to the

Candahar District-Colonel Maclean fails in attempting to reach Cabul

-Candahar invested by the Insurgents-Victory gained by General

Nott Failure of the Affghans in a nocturnal Attack on Candahar-

General England attempts to reinforce General Nott—Ill-success of this

Enterprise-State of Garrison at Ghuznee-Treachery of the Inhabit-

ants-Surrender of Ghuznee by Colonel Palmer-His Reasons for

evacuating the Fortress-Treachery of the Ghazees-Attack upon the

British Troops-Destruction of the Sepoys, and Captivity of the Officers

Prisoners sent to Cabul-General Nott advances from Candahar to .

join General Pollock at Cabul-Description of his Line of March

General England advances to Quetta—Victory by General 'Nott over the

Affghans at Gonine-Ghuznee abandoned by the Affghans, and de-

stroyed by General Nott-Another Victory gained by General Nott-

He effects a Junction with General Pollock at Cabul

[243

CHAPTER XI.

CHINA-Departure of the British squadron from Hong-Kong to Amoy

Account of the Fortifications of Amoy--Attack upon the City and suc-

cessful result-Proclamation by Sir Henry Pottinger-- Arrival of the

Armament at Chusan—Ting-hae taken by the British-Expedition pro-

ceeds to Ningpo-Description of the city of Chinghae—Taking of

Chinghae by assault-Taking of Ningpo-Chinese fortify the banks of

the Canton river-Sir H. Pottinger returns to Canton-Attempt of the

Chinese to retake Ningpo-Rout of the Chinese at Tse-kee-Ningpo

evacuated by the British-Capture of Chapoo-Description of the city

of Chapoo-Subsequent operations of the British squadron-It enters

the Yang-tze river-Elepoo appointed High Commissioner-Arrival of

the Armament at Chin-keang-foo-Description of the city-Attack

upon Chin-keang-foo-Taking of it by assault-The Squadron sails to

Nankin-Description of Nankin-Suspension of hostilities–Negotiaa

tions for peace between the Chinese Commissioners and Sir Henry Pot-

tinger-Terms of the Treaty-Report from the Chinese Commissioner

to the Emperor

[264

CHAPTER XII.

FRANCE.-Resolutions of the Parisian Editors of Newspapers on the occa-

sion of the conviction of M. Dupoty-Speech from the Throne at the

opening of the French Chambers—Elgction of President and Vice-Presi-

dents-Addresses presented to the King on the Jour de l'an-Replies of

the King-Debates in the Two Chambers on the Address-Question of

right of Search in the case of the Slave-Trade-Dispute with Spain on

point of Etiquette--Speech of M. Guizot in the Chamber of Peers, re-

specting the relations of France with Spain-Speech of M. Guizot in

the Chamber of Deputies, relating to the Affairs of the East-Melan-

choly Death of the Duke of Orleans-Funeral Procession-Question on

the choice of a Regent-Extraordinary Session of the French Chambers

convoked-Affecting Speech of the King –Election of President-Re.

gency, Bill proposed by Ministers-Discussion thereon-Ministerial

Speech of M. Thiers-Dreadful Accident on the Paris and Versailles Rail-

way-Regency Bill carried-Prorogation of the French Chambers (279

CHAPTER XIII.

SPAIN.- Opening of the Spanish Cortes-Speech of the Regent-Election

of Presidents and Vice-Presidents-Discussion on the Address in the

Senate—Discussion in the Chamber of Deputies—Insurrection at Barce-

lona-Combat between the Troops of the Garrison and the National

Guard—Suspension of the sittings of Cortes-Arrival of Espartero at

Barcelona-Negotiations on the part of the Junta--Bombardment of

the Town-Surrender by the Insurgents - Proclamation by General

Van Halen-Execution of Carcana, Leader of the Insurgents—Fine

levied upon the City. PORTUGAL.-Municipal Elections at Lisbon-