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rand, and other Members—The Debate continued for Four Nights,
after which the Amendment is rejected by 308 to 202—On the First
Reading, Lord John Russell moves the Rejection of the Bill-Speeches
of Sir Robert Peel, Mr. Raikes Currie, and Mr. Roebuck-The Amend-
ment is negatived on a Division by 286 to 188—-Progress of the Bill in
Committee-Amendment of Mr. Ricardo for exempting Terminable
Annuities is rejected-Discussion on Schedule D-Mr. Roebuck moves
an Amendment to reduce the Amount payable on Profits of Trades and
Professions-It is opposed by the Government, and rejected-Rapid
Progress of the Committee with the Clauses of the Bill-Mr. F.
Baring's Proposal to exempt Foreign Fundholders, and various other
Amendments, are defeated by large Majorities, and the Bill passes
through Comınittee-On the 'Third Reading Mr. S. Crawford moves an
Amendment which is negatived-Mr. Hume and Mr. F. Baring oppose
the Measure-Speech of Mr. Goulburn-The Third Reading is carried
by 199 to 69
[71
CHAPTER V.
New Tariff-Preliminary Statement of Sir Robert
Peel, before going into
Committee-Speeches of Messrs. Labouchere, D’Israeli, Huine, Glad-
stone, E. B. Roche, and G. Palmer-Motion of Major Vivian, respecting
alleged Suppression of Information by Government-Debate, and Divi-
sion thereon-Motion of Lord Howick against extension of differential
Duties—It is opposed by Mr. Gladstone and other Members, and
rejected by 281 to 108-The House goes into Committee on the Bill-
Debate on Reduction of Duties on Agricultural Produce - Mr. P. Miles
moves an Amendment respecting Duty on live Cattle-He is supported
by Mr. R. Palmer, Earl of March, and Mr. G. Heathcote-Opposed by
Mr. Gladstone, Lord Norreys, Mr. Gally Knight, and others-Speeches
of Lord John Russell and Sir Robert Peel-Mr. Miles's Amendment
lost by a Majority of 267–Other Amendments moved by Major Vivian
and Mr. Villiers-Rejected - The Committee discuss the Items of the
Bill seriatim— Various Amendments relating to Butter, Potatoes, Tim-
ber, Cotton-Wool, and other Articles, withdrawn or negatived-The
Bill goes through Committee—Read a Third Time on 28th June-
Remarks of Lord John Russell on that occasion-Declarations of Sir
R. Peel respecting Commercial Measures of Foreign States – Debates
on Customs-Duties Bill in the House of Lords-It is introduced by a
Speech of Lord Ripon-Earl Stanhope moves its rejection- The Duke
of Richmond supports the Amendment-Lords Clanricarde and Mont-
eagle speak in favour of the Bill—The Second Reading carried by 59
to 4-In Committee, Amendments moved by Earl Stanhope are re-
jected; and third Reading carried by 52 to 9-Debate in the House of
Commons on Sugar Duties—The Chancellor of the Exchequer moves
to continue existing Duties for one year--Mr. Roebuck moves an
Amendment to equalise Foreign and Colonial Duties-It is defeated by
59 to 18—Another Amendment for reduction of Duties, proposed by
Mr. Labouchere—Speeches of Mr. Gladstone, Mr. Hume, Lord John
Russell, Mr. Roebuck, and Sir Robert Peel --Mr, Goulburn's Resolu.
tion is carried by 245 to 164
[103
CHAPTER VI.
Debates on the State of the Country and Public Distress--Prevailing
topics of the Session---Mr. Wallace proposes a Series of Resolutions
and Address to the Queen on the State of the Nation-Speeches of Sir
James Graham, Dr. Bowring, Mr. M. Attwood, Lord John Russell,
Sir Robert Peel, Mr. Ellice, Lord Palmerston, Lord Stanley, Mr. Roe-
buck, and other Members The Debate is continued by Adjournment
for three nights-On a Division the Resolutions are negatived by 174
to 49-The same Subject comes under Discussion a few nights after-
wards on a Motion by Mr. Villiers for a Select Committee on the Corn-
laws-Mr. Fielden seconds the Motion-It is opposed by Mr. P.
Howard and Sir C. Napier-Sir Robert Peel complains of the Obstruc-
tion offered to Business by the Opposition-He vindicates the New
Corn-law and Financial Measures, and states his Opinions respecting
the Effects of Machinery on the Employment of the People, and his
Prospects of the Improvement of Trade-Speeches of Lord John Rus-
sell, Mr. Cobden, and Lord Howick--Mr. Villiers' Motion is rejected
by 231 to 117–Lord Brougham introduces the Subject of the National
Distress in the House of Lords in moving for a Select Committee-He
discusses at large the Principles of Commercial Policy-Speeches of
Earl of Ripon, Earl of Stanhope, Lord Kinnaird, Marquess of Clanri-
carde, Viscount Melbourne, and Earl of Radnor-Lord Brougham's
Motion is rejected by 61 to 14–The great Cbartist Petition is presented
in the Houss of Commons-Its vast Bulk and Number of Signatures
- Procession of Petitioners and singular Spectacle at the Presentation
-Debate on the Petition introduced by Mr. T. Duncombe who moves
that the Petitioners be heard by Counsel at the Bar-Motion seconded
by Mr. Leader, and supported by Messrs. Roebuck, Hume, Wakley,
Villiers, O'Connell, and Muntz-Opposed by Mr. Macaulay, Lord f.
Egerton, Mr. Hawes, Mr. Oswald, Lord John Russell, and Sir Robert
Peel-The Motion rejected by 287 to 49.
[133
CHAPTER VII.
Lord Ashley's bill for restraining the Employment of Women and Chil-
dren in Nlines and Collieries—Extracts from the Report of the Com-
missioners of Inquiry-Impression made by Lord Ashley's statement
upon the House of Commons-Speeches of Mr. Fox Maule, Lord F.
Egerton, Sir J. Graham, and other Members Leave given to bring in
the Bill nem. con. --Rapid progress of the measure in the House of Commons --It is passed with slight opposition—It is introduced in an
altered form in the House of Lords. "Debates on the Second Reading
--Lord Wharncliffe states the intentions of the Government respecting
it--Lord Londonderry moves, that it be read a second time that day
six months, but the Motion is not seconded. Speech of Lord Brougham
before going into Committee-Various amendments are proposed and
negatived, and the Bill passed - Debates in the House of Commons on
the Lords’ Amendments-Charges against the Government made by
Lord Palmerston and Mr. C. Buller-Sir R. Peel vindicates the Minis-
ters-The Amendments agreed to-Bribery at Elections - Singular
result of proceedings before Committees --General reports respecting
compromises of Petitions-Mr. Roebuck undertakes an inquiry-He
addresses questions to the Members for Reading, Nottingham, Har-
wich, Penryn and Lewes-- Their answers--Mr. Roebuck states his
charges and moves for a Select Committee—Mr. Fitzroy seconds the
notion-Adjourned debate-Speeches of Mr. Wynn, Mr. Ward, Lord
Palmerston, Sir R. Inglis, Sir R. Peel, Lord J. Russell, Lord Stanley,
and others - Mr. Roebuck amends his Motion, which is then carried
without a division-Mr. T. Duncombe proposes a test for the Com-
mittee, which is rejected-Nomination of the Committee-An Act of Indemnity for Witnesses passed-Presentation of the Report of the
Committee-Particulars of compromises in the cases of Harwich, Not-
tingham, Lewes, Reading, Penryn, and Bridport-Mr. Roebuck moves
Resolutions founded on the Report-Speeches of Mr. C. Russell, Major
Beresford, Mr. Fitzroy, Captain Plumridge, and Lord Chelsea-The
Solicitor-General moves the previous question-Sir R. Peel states reasons
for opposing the Resolutions, which are negatived on a division-The
Chancellor of the Exchequer refuses Lord Chelsea's application for
the Chiltern Hundreds Lord Palmerston finds fault with the Govern-
ment-The Chancellor of the Exchequer and Sir R. Peel vindicate the
course adopted for frustrating the Compromises published by the Com-
mittee—Statement of Captain Plụmridge Suspension of the Writs for
Nottingham, Ipswich, Southampton, and Newcastle-under-Lyne-They
are finally issued-Bill for Disfranchisement of Sudbury carried in the
House of Commons, but afterwards dropped-Bill of Lord J. Russell
for the prevention of Bribery at Elections
[161
a
CHAPTER VIII.
Law Reformg-The Lord Chancellor gives notice of Bills relatiug to
Bankruptcy, Lunacy, and County Courts-His Speech on the Second
Reading-They pass the House of Lords-County Courts' Bill is post-
poned till the following Session-The other two Bills carried-Lord
Campbell proposes Bills to alter the constitution of Courts of Appeal —
They are rejected in the House of Lords—Marriage Law-Motion of
Lord F. Egerton, for leave to bring in a Bill to legalise Marriages con-
tracted with deceased Wife's Sister-Speech of Sir R. Inglis against
the Motion-It is supported by Mr. Milnes, Mr. Borthwick, Mr. C.
Buller, and Mr. C. Wood; and opposed by Mr. Goulburn, Lord Ashley,
the Solicitor-General, and Mr. O'Connell-On a Division it is negatived
by 123 to 100_Bill for the better Protection of the Royal Person, intro-
duced by Sir Robert Peel, in consequence of the outrages of Bean and
Francis-It is carried immediately in both Houses-Church Rates ; Sir
John Easthope's Bill for their Abolition-It is opposed by Sir R. Inglis
and Mr. Goulburn, and rejected by 162 to 82-Grant to Maynooth
College-Mr. Plumptre, Mr. Bateson, Sir H. Smith, Colonel Verner,
and other Members speak against it-Speech of Lord Eliot-It is
affirmed by a majority of 47- Poor Law Amendment Bill, introduced
by Sir J. Graham-Principal objects and Provisions of the Measure -
A few of the Clauses are carried, and the rest postponed-Mr. Escott
makes a motion against the principle of excluding Out-door Relief-Sir
James Graham opposes it, and it is rejected after a Discussion, by 90 to
55—Review of the Session-Lord Palmerston moves for Returns to
show the number of Bills brought into the House of Commons, and the
Result as to each-He reviews the Domestic and Foreign Policy of the
Government at great length, and with much sarcasm-He is ably an-
swered by Sir Robert Peel, who retorts severely on the Whig party-
Prorogation of Parliament by the Queen, on the 12th of August-Her
Majesty's Speech-Concluding Remarks
[198
CHAPTER IX.
INDIA.
AFFGHANISTAN.-Collision with the Eastern Ghilzieg-Causes of the
Quarrel. Reduction of stipulated Payment-Kafila seized at Tezeen
-Sir Robert Sale sent to force the Khoord Cabul Pass-The Pass
carried—March of Sir R. Sale to Jellalabad-Severe contest in the
Jugdulluck Pass-Arrival at Jellalabad-Position of the British Forces
at Cabul-Situation of the Cantonments-Outbreak of the Insurrection
at Cabul-Cause of this-Murder of Sir Alexander Burnes and other Offi-
cers—Troops withdrawn into Cantonments from the Seeah Sung Camp
-Attacks of the Affghans upon the British Cantonments-Sir W. Mac-
naghten negociates with the hostile Chiefs—Terms agreed upon-Plot
laid for the Envoy—Secret Agreement entered into between Sir W.
Macnaghten and Akbar Khan-Murder of Sir W. Macnaghten and
Captain Trevor-Renewal of Negotiations with the Affghan Chiefs-
Additional Terms agreed upon- The British troops leave the Canton-
ments—Treacherous Attacks of the Affghans-Perfidy of Akbar Khan
-Hostages given up to him-Continued attacks of the Affghans—The
Ladies are placed under the Protection of Akbar Khan-Destruction
of the native Indian Troops in the Huft Kothul Pass-Miserable Situa-
tion of the British Forces in the Tezeen Valley-General Elphinstone de-
tained Prisoner by Akbar Khan-Destruction of H. M.'s 44th Regiment
-Massacre of the Officers, and Escape of Dr. Brydon—The Affghans
invest Jellalabad-Gallant Conduct of Sir Robert Sále-Measures taken
by the Indian Government-Lord Ellenborough arrives at Calcutta-
Troops collected at the Mouth of the Khyber Pass under Brigadier Wild
- Failure of attempt to force the Pass
[233
CHAPTER X.
soners
AFFGHANISTAN continued-General Pollock takes the command, and de-
termines to force the Khyber Pass-Description of the Defile-The Fort
Ali Musjid taken by the British Troops-March of the Army through
the Khyber Pass-Arrival at Jellalabad-Account of the Operations there
previously-Important Victory of the Garrison over the Affghans headed
by Akbar Khan-Death of General Elphinstone-Occurrences at Cabul
-Murder of Shah Soojah—His son Futteh Jung proclaimed King-Long
Detention of the British Troops at Jellalabad-Akbar Khan treats for
the Surrender of his Prisoners-Situation of the Prisoners - State of
Affairs at Cabul-General Pollock advances from Jellalabad-Futteh
Jung joins the British Camp-Conflict at Jugdulluk-Description of
the different Passes and Defiles-Final Defeat of Akbar Khan in the
Tezeen Valley—The British Army reaches Cabul-Release of the Pris
S--Proclamation by the Governor-General for the Evacuation of
Affghanistan-General McCaskill sent into Kohistan-Defeat of the
Affghans at Istaliff-Destruction of the Grand Bazaar at Cabul-The
British Forces evacuate Cabul-March to Peshawur-Jellalabad de
stroyed-Arrival at Peshawur-Evacuation of Quetta by General Eng-
land-March through the Bolan Pass-Proclamations by the Governor-
General. -CANDAHAR and GuuzNEE.-The Insurrection spreads to the
Candahar District-Colonel Maclean fails in attempting to reach Cabul
-Candahar invested by the Insurgents-Victory gained by General
Nott Failure of the Affghans in a nocturnal Attack on Candahar-
General England attempts to reinforce General Nott—Ill-success of this
Enterprise-State of Garrison at Ghuznee-Treachery of the Inhabit-
ants-Surrender of Ghuznee by Colonel Palmer-His Reasons for
evacuating the Fortress-Treachery of the Ghazees-Attack upon the
British Troops-Destruction of the Sepoys, and Captivity of the Officers
Prisoners sent to Cabul-General Nott advances from Candahar to .
join General Pollock at Cabul-Description of his Line of March
General England advances to Quetta—Victory by General 'Nott over the
Affghans at Gonine-Ghuznee abandoned by the Affghans, and de-
stroyed by General Nott-Another Victory gained by General Nott-
He effects a Junction with General Pollock at Cabul
[243
CHAPTER XI.
CHINA-Departure of the British squadron from Hong-Kong to Amoy
Account of the Fortifications of Amoy--Attack upon the City and suc-
cessful result-Proclamation by Sir Henry Pottinger-- Arrival of the
Armament at Chusan—Ting-hae taken by the British-Expedition pro-
ceeds to Ningpo-Description of the city of Chinghae—Taking of
Chinghae by assault-Taking of Ningpo-Chinese fortify the banks of
the Canton river-Sir H. Pottinger returns to Canton-Attempt of the
Chinese to retake Ningpo-Rout of the Chinese at Tse-kee-Ningpo
evacuated by the British-Capture of Chapoo-Description of the city
of Chapoo-Subsequent operations of the British squadron-It enters
the Yang-tze river-Elepoo appointed High Commissioner-Arrival of
the Armament at Chin-keang-foo-Description of the city-Attack
upon Chin-keang-foo-Taking of it by assault-The Squadron sails to
Nankin-Description of Nankin-Suspension of hostilities–Negotiaa
tions for peace between the Chinese Commissioners and Sir Henry Pot-
tinger-Terms of the Treaty-Report from the Chinese Commissioner
to the Emperor
[264
CHAPTER XII.
FRANCE.-Resolutions of the Parisian Editors of Newspapers on the occa-
sion of the conviction of M. Dupoty-Speech from the Throne at the
opening of the French Chambers—Elgction of President and Vice-Presi-
dents-Addresses presented to the King on the Jour de l'an-Replies of
the King-Debates in the Two Chambers on the Address-Question of
right of Search in the case of the Slave-Trade-Dispute with Spain on
point of Etiquette--Speech of M. Guizot in the Chamber of Peers, re-
specting the relations of France with Spain-Speech of M. Guizot in
the Chamber of Deputies, relating to the Affairs of the East-Melan-
choly Death of the Duke of Orleans-Funeral Procession-Question on
the choice of a Regent-Extraordinary Session of the French Chambers
convoked-Affecting Speech of the King –Election of President-Re.
gency, Bill proposed by Ministers-Discussion thereon-Ministerial
Speech of M. Thiers-Dreadful Accident on the Paris and Versailles Rail-
way-Regency Bill carried-Prorogation of the French Chambers (279
CHAPTER XIII.
SPAIN.- Opening of the Spanish Cortes-Speech of the Regent-Election
of Presidents and Vice-Presidents-Discussion on the Address in the
Senate—Discussion in the Chamber of Deputies—Insurrection at Barce-
lona-Combat between the Troops of the Garrison and the National
Guard—Suspension of the sittings of Cortes-Arrival of Espartero at
Barcelona-Negotiations on the part of the Junta--Bombardment of
the Town-Surrender by the Insurgents - Proclamation by General
Van Halen-Execution of Carcana, Leader of the Insurgents—Fine
levied upon the City. PORTUGAL.-Municipal Elections at Lisbon-