seems quite ready to fall in with this scheme in principle, though we have not yet settled all its details. I have, &c., The Marquess of Salisbury. ARTHUR H. HARDINGE No. 7.-The Marquess of Salisbury to Sir A. Hardinge. (Telegraphic.) Foreign Office, October 10, 1898. YOUR despatch of the 5th September. Proposed Notification may be issued for mainland when you think circumstances allow. SIR, No. 8.-The Marquess of Salisbury to Sir A. Hardinge. Foreign Office, October 10, 1898. I TRANSMIT to you herewith copies of letters* drawing attention to the case of a father, mother, and daughter who had for some years past been living at liberty at Ribe, but who are alleged to have recently been surrendered by the judicial authorities at Mombasa to their former owner. I have to request you to inquire into the circumstances of this case and furnish me with a full report thereon. I am, &c., Sir A. Hardinge. SALISBURY. SIR, No. 9.-The Marquess of Salisbury to Sir A. Hardinge. Foreign Office, October 22, 1898 You will already have learned from my telegram of the 10th instant, which was sent after consideration of your despatch of the 5th ultimo, that, as soon as you were of opinion that circumstances permitted, you were authorized to issue a Notification in the Provinces of Seyyidieh and Tanaland, calling attention to Seyyid Khalifa's engagement that all children born after 1890 should be free. I have now to inform you that I concur in the view expressed in your despatch, that there is no occasion to issue any similar Notification so far as the islands are concerned. I have read with interest your proposals to employ destitute *Pages 258 and 259. freed children on the Government shamba at Tundawa, and I shall be glad to hear further from you on the subject. You should report as to the number and character of the persons now employed there, as to the nature of their employment, and as to the measure of success that has so far attended the operation. Sir A. Hardinge. I am, &c., SALISBURY. No. 10.-Sir A. Hardinge to the Marquess of Salisbury.—(Received November 15.) MY LORD, Zanzibar, October 17, 1898. I HAVE the honour to transmit herewith a copy of a despatch which I have addressed to Her Majesty's Sub-Commissioners in the Provinces of Seyyidieh and Tanaland instructing them to publish a Notification issued by me, on receipt of your Lordship's telegram of the 10th instant, respecting the freedom of children born after 1890. The substance of the despatch in question has also been communicated by me, together with a copy of the Notification, to the Acting Judicial Officer for the East Africa Protectorate. I propose, unless your Lordship should send me further instructions, to confine myself for the present to the formal promulgation of the view taken by Her Majesty's Government of the law, and to its enforcement in any future cases that may arise; but as regards the past to leave the initiative to be taken by the parents or friends of the children concerned, who will thus, when they have obtained for them their retrospective emancipation, which the Courts will, of course, be bound to grant, be themselves responsible for their maintenance. I have, therefore, addressed to Sir Lloyd Mathews the note of which I have the honour to inclose copy herewith. The Marquess of Salisbury. I have, &c., ARTHUR H. HARDINGE. (Inclosure 1.)-Sir A. Hardinge to Sub-Commissioner Craufurd.* SIR, Zanzibar, October 17, 1898. You are aware that some uncertainty has for a long time prevailed as to whether the engagement entered into by Seyyid Khalifa-bin-Saïd in 1889, a copy and translation of which is inclosed, *Also to Mr. MacDougall. that all children born in his dominions after January 1890 should be free, has any legal validity in the Zanzibar mainland territory, where no evidence exists of its ever having been promulgated as a Decree, and that the Courts have, in consequence, hitherto abstained from enforcing it. The question was recently referred by me to Her Majesty's Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, who has now informed me. that Her Majesty's Government regard this engagement as having the force of law throughout the dominions of the Sultan of Zanzibar, and has instructed me, for the removal of all further doubts on the subject, to issue a formal Notification to that effect. I have accordingly the honour to inclose herewith a Notification in English and Arabic, which has been issued by me in accordance with his Lordship's directions, and which you should *[publish in the usual manner at Mombasa and] communicate to the various collectors and assistant collectors in your Province whose districts include any of the Sultan's mainland territories. It will not, I think, be necessary for you, unless you receive further instructions from me on the subject, to make this Notification retrospective in the sense of calling up and emancipating o your own initiative all children who may be affected by it and fo many of whom we have no means of providing; but in the event o any application being made to you on behalf of such children you should grant them letters of freedom, and in any future division of property in slaves, you should be careful to exclude from it, and to register as free, any children born since 1890. C. H. Craufurd, Esq. I have, &c., ARTHUR H. HARDINGE. (Inclosure 2.)-Notification. WHEREAS His late Highness Seyyid Khalifa-bin-Saïd agreed, on the 13th September, 1889, with Her Majesty's then Agent and Consul-General at Zanzibar, that all persons born in his dominions after the 1st January, 1890, should be free; And whereas some doubt has arisen, owing to the non-publication of this Agreement in His Highness' mainland dominions, whether it is valid and operative in them: It is hereby declared by Her Majesty's Commissioner and Consul-General for the East Africa Protectorate, under authority from Her Majesty's Government, that the said Agreement is valid and operative in the aforesaid mainland dominions of His Highness *To Mr. Craufurd only. the Sultan of Zanzibar, and that no person born subsequent to the 1st January, 1890, can be legally claimed as a slave within them. Zanzibar, October 17, 1898. ARTHUR H. HARDINGE, Her Majesty's Commissioner and Consul-General. Certified to be a true copy: ARTHUR H. HARDINGE, Her Majesty's Commissioner and Consul-General. Zanzibar, October 17, 1898. No. 11.-Mr. J. A. Pease to the Foreign Office.-(Received MY DEAR BRODRICK, December 13.) Snow Hall, Gainford, Darlington, I HAVE been asked by the Anti-Slavery Committee of the Society of Friends to support their request for an interview with you. You will see by the inclosed letter, which I have been asked to hand you, that the interview is sought so as to enable your attention to be drawn to certain points in connection with the slave population in the Zanzibar Protectorate. It is our desire to eliminate all party feeling from questions connected with emancipation, and the deputation would only press for practical steps to be taken in the future. The industrial mission they have established in Pemba gives them, I think, a locus standi for being heard, and I do hope you will see your way to name a day before Parliament meets to receive a deputation. Believe me, &c., JOSEPH A. PEASE. SIR, (Inclosure.)—Mr. E. W. Brooks to the Foreign Office. Duvals, Grays, Essex, December 11, 1898. THE Anti-Slavery Committee of the Society of Friends, having charge of the Society's Industrial Mission in Pemba, being thereby brought into regular communication with the islands, are much disappointed at the slow progress of the emancipation, and respectfully request the favour of an interview in order that they and others interested in the anti-slavery cause may lay before you their views on the present situation, and their desires for the future. They wish to point out 1. The exceeding slowness of progress of the emancipation; 2. The apparent causes of the slow progress; and 3. To suggest a practical means of accelerating the changes. They would desire to impress upon you how the anti-slavery sentiment of this country continues to be offended, and the slave disappointed of his promised freedom. They desire also to ask that freedom should be extended to women and to men equally, and to the mainland as well as to the Islands of Zanzibar and Pemba. They wish that an early date should be fixed beyond which no compensation should be granted to the slave-owners; and in order that the poverty of the Zanzibar Government should not be an obstacle to the early conclusion of the change, they would be gad to see the needed financial assistance rendered by this country. The Committee desires to be allowed to enter into more details under these heads, and ask that they and others who agree with their views may have a personal interview. I am, &c., E. W. BROOKS, Honorary Secretary to the Committee. No. 12.—The Marquess of Salisbury to Sir A. Hardinge. (Telegraphic.) Foreign Office, December 23, 1898. TELEGRAPH number of slaves emancipated up to the 31st December, giving numbers in each quarter of 1898. No. 13.-The Marquess of Salisbury to Sir A. Hardinge. (Telegraphic.) SURRENDER of slaves. Foreign Office, December 28, 1898. Please send Report asked for in my despatch of 10th October. SIR, No. 14.-Foreign Office to Anti-Slavery Society. Foreign Office, December 29, 1898. I HAVE laid before the Marquess of Salisbury your letter of the 17th instant, and I am directed by his Lordship to inform you that Mr. Brodrick will receive a deputation of the Anti-Slavery Committee of the Society of Friends on the 13th proximo, on questions of East African slavery. His Lordship would suggest that a deputation from your Society might attend at the same time, and, |