Petroleum: Its History, Origin, Occurrence, Production, Physical and Chemical Constitution, Technology, Examination and Uses; Together with the Occurrences and Uses of Natural Gas

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H.C. Baird & Company, 1894 - Gas industry - 715 pages

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Contents

Irwin and Petersons well
55
Combinations rich in carbon
69
Methane marsh gas or paraffin Saturated hydrocarbons Combinations
79
Analyses of natural gases from Murraysville Speechley and Fre
82
Oil lines Angells belt theory
93
The process of formation not identical with the processes of distillation
99
Issuance of oil springs along the anticlinals Favorable influence of
101
Difference in opinions regarding the origin of petroleum Peculiar view
121
Peckhams view Zinckens observations O Fraas on the bituminous
142
Alexejews apparatus 342
147
From plants and animals Prof Lesleys view of the formation of Penn
151
Process of the formation of petroleum
158
CHAPTER VII
165
Method of cutting hard rocks employed by the ancient Egyptians
171
The derrick and its construction The engine and its connections
178
Freefall drill Fabians freefall drill Kinds boring instrument
184
Arrangement of the boring transmission
190
Auxiliary tools Tubing of boreholes Various kinds of tubing
196
Isomerides isolated from American crude
199
Value of torpedoes Method of employing torpedoes in the Pennsylvania
202
57
208
Number of tank cars in use in the United States and in Russia Regions
209
59
214
Statistics showing the progressive importations of Russian and American
217
United Pipe Lines Association
221
Storage tanks and specifications for their construction
229
Pipe lines in the Caucasus
235
CHAPTER VIII
241
Content of paraffin in various oils Constitution and properties
243
Englers apparatus Results of Englers examinations of various kinds
248
Distillation with the thermometerbulb in the gas space
254
Table for the reduction to the normal temperature of 59 F of
259
Worthington and Knowles pumps Knowles compressor
269
Cylinder stills Cylinder still much used in this country
276
Parallel pipe condensers
284
Flashing point of the distillates Manufacture of light products
296
Heckmanns naphtha still
302
Washing of the distillate and its treatment with solution of caustic
312
Barrelling Apparatus for filling barrels
329
Nobels system of continuous distillation
335
103
340
Dolinins continuous still Lissentos method Utilization of residuum
346
Formula for calculating the quantity of heat that is transferred by
352
105
353
Quantity of superheated steam used Condensation
358
Table showing the gradual increase in the specific gravity of the distil
364
Formation of hydrocarbons in the process of distillation
370
Nature of the decomposition of heavy oils on coming in contact with
371
Gasbearing strata of Pennsylvania The Sheffield well
372
Bernsteins tester
434
Source of error in apparatus provided with an oil flame for igniting
440
151
448
Mud volcanoes or salses Some peculiarities in the occurrence of petro
459
Importance of the viscosity of lubricating oils and their behavior when
461
Wilsons viscosimeter
467
Prof Stefano Paglianis viscosimeter for the determination of the
473
Stahls apparatus Simpler tests employed by manufacturers Tests as
476
Ingham and Stapfers lubricanttesting machine Prof R H Thurstons
486
Table showing the results obtained in testing a series of vegetable
494
Jaehns testing machine for the examination and choice of lubricants
500
Value of experiments with testing machines
507
Preparation of the standard candles for making experiments Munich
514
Condition of the room in which the photometric measurements are
522
Results of comparison of German varieties of petroleum with Caucasian
529
An older form of colorimeter
535
Determination of paraffin Of resin and caoutchouc Of rosin oil
541
Detection of smaller quantities of fat oils Quantitative determination
547
Crude oil as a remedial agent Petroleum products
553
Gasoline and its use for the manufacture of illuminating and fuel gas
555
Use of petroleum and its products for driving motors Methods by which
561
Priestman petroteum motor
568
Lamps for heavy oils and residuum Arrangement for lighting the yard
585
Apparatuses for stationary boilers Apparatus described by Peclet Primi
607
Audouins method of firing Aydon Wise and Fields nozzlesprinkler
609
Drorys tar and oil sprinkler
615
Körtings pipe sprinkler
629
Petroleum stoves and furnaces for domestic purposes Uses of lubricat
636
Classification of lubricating oils Künklers investigations of Russian
642
Englers investigations of German and Alsace lubricating oils with tables
643
Action of officinal petroleum Cosmoline and its properties
649
Analysis of naphtha candles by the Technological Institute of St Peters
655
Introduction of natural gas in the mill of Messrs Spang Chalfant Co
661
Use of natural gas for burning lime in the Surachani district and
662
A Hilgers analysis of oilgas S Lamanskys report on the examination
668
R Schwarzs furnace D H Knapps apparatus Pintschs gas producer
675
Content of crystallized and anhydrous salts in solutions of carbonate
681
Fossil paraffins Ethylene olefine type Actual ethylenes
689
Eogene Uppereocene oligocene
692
Members of the ethylene series in American crude oils Presence of
697
Semonian Cenomanian Gault Neocomian including Wealden
699
Thorns extractor 403
704
Peterson and Dales refinery
708
Technical questions with a veinlike occurrence of the oil Importance
711
The Seneca Oil Company E L Drakes success in drilling Increase
714
Canada and South America Location of the oil territory of Canada
17
23
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