of petroleum in, 8

bitumen in, 4

natural gas in, 661
pipe line, 222, 223

trunk pipe line, passage of
the, under the Hudson
River, 225, 226

New Zealand, petroleum in, 20
Niagara limestone, 158

Nineveh, use of semi-fluid bitumen

in the construction of, 2, 3

Nitric acid as substitute for sulphuric
acid, 311, 312

Nitrogen in petroleum, 50, 51, 144
Nobel and Wittenstrom's step fur-
nace, 634

Brothers, improvements in the
Russian oil industry by the,
235, 236

improvement in tank-transporta-
tion by, 210, 211

Nobel's system of continuous distilla-
tion, 335-339

Nordhausen sulphuric acid, action of,
309

North American, marine formations
in, 130, 131

Nugent, Dr. N., account of the Trini-
dad pitch lake by, 3
Nürschau, gas shale of, 146

petroleum, sulphur combinations

in, 312

pits in, 4, 5

pressures and productions of gas
in, 108, 109

shale, bitumen of the, 162, 163
wells drilled in, 13

Alsace, photometric tests of, 529,
531

American crude, analysis of, 251
photometric tests of, 526, 528
artificial, criterion of a, 252
-balance, Stelling's, 407
Canada, purification of, 312
Caucasian, photometric tests of,
525, 527

Creek, curbed pits at, 5, 166
spring, early working of the,

Oils, blue, 667

Caucasian, results obtained by
fractional distillation of, 411-413
commercial machine, flashing

and burning points of, 457, 458
conclusions regarding the direct
testing of, as to their lubricat-
power, 509-551

crude, difference in, 155-157

shale, processes of refining,
385, 386
cylinder, 642

determination of mineral salts in,
540, 541

physical properties of,
405

the specific gravity of,
405-409

fat, and fats, determination of,
545-548

German lubricating, examination
of, 643. 645

green, 667
heavy, 75

heavy, and residuum, lamps for,
585-592

hydrocarbon, early objection to,
for lubrication, 637
illuminating, 75

classification of, 554
determination of acidity of,
539,540
odor of, 538

viscosity of, 458, 461
light, 74, 75

lubricating, apparatus for exam-
ining, 414, 416, 417

behavior of, towards sul-
phuric acid, 538, 539
chemical purification of, 365–
368

classification of, 554
cold test for, 543-545
color in judging, 537, 538
determination of acidity of,
539, 540

fat oils and fats in,
545-548
paraffin in, 541

resin and caoutch-

ouc in, 541

rosin oil in, 541-543

the constancy of,
549, 550

examination of, 414-417
flashing point of, 447–458
from residuum by simple dis-
tillation, 349

Paraffin, specific gravity of, 397
Thorn's apparatus for extracting,
403. 404

Parafins, fossil, 62

presence of, in petroleum, 59, 60
Parallel pipe-condenser, 288, 289
Paraxylol, 67

Paris-Lyons Mediterranean Railway,
testing machine of the, 494-497
Parran, theory of, 123
Parrish naphthometer, 432-434
Paul, C. M., 101, 125, 137

and Tietze, investigations by, of
the occurrence of petroleum in
the Carpathian mountains, 100

by fractional distillation of,
411-413

petroleum, formation of, 151
pits in the oil regions of, 4, 5
State Legislature, introduction of
a bill for building a pipe line in
the, 220

system of drilling, 175-184
Transportation

Co., charter

upon, 307-310

Alsace, results of distillation of,
413. 414

analyses of, 49, 50, 77, 78

and its products, use of, for driv-
ing motors, 561-578
natural gases, 105-111
petroleum products, utiliza-
tion of, as fuel, 599–636
residuum apparatuses for fir-
ing boilers with, 608-620
residuum apparatuses for fir-
ing hearths with, 634-636
residuum apparatuses for fir-
ing locomotives with, 627-
634

residuum apparatuses for fir-
ing steamers with, 620-627
Argentine, properties of, 16, 17
as an antiseptic, 648
behavior of, towards sulphuric
acid, 538, 539

benzine, 75

Besson's experiments with, as
fuel, 604

boiling point of, 47, 48

brine with, 104, 105

burning point of, 418