A Practical Treatise on the Construction and Formation of Railways: Showing the Practical Application and Expense of Excavating, Haulage, Embanking, and Permanent Waylaying; Also, the Method of Fixing Roads Upon Continuous Timber Bearings ... |
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Page 2
... rivers , where his frail bark afforded him a species of conveyance , of which the Indian canoe , and Welch river coracle , are admirable spe- cimens . Such , it is obvious , would be the incipient progress of society . Let us travel ...
... rivers , where his frail bark afforded him a species of conveyance , of which the Indian canoe , and Welch river coracle , are admirable spe- cimens . Such , it is obvious , would be the incipient progress of society . Let us travel ...
Page 4
... rivers , artificial canals were con- structed , chiefly by Feroze III . about 1351 , and who persevered in making these improvements for 37 years . " The country between Delhi , upon the Jumnah ( a branch of the Ganges ) and the Punjab ...
... rivers , artificial canals were con- structed , chiefly by Feroze III . about 1351 , and who persevered in making these improvements for 37 years . " The country between Delhi , upon the Jumnah ( a branch of the Ganges ) and the Punjab ...
Page 5
... river Hydroates of Alexander . This noble river has its source in the mountains near Nagerkote ; it enters the plains near Shapoor , or Rajapan ; and it is from this place the canal of Shah Ñehr has been carried a distance of about 73 ...
... river Hydroates of Alexander . This noble river has its source in the mountains near Nagerkote ; it enters the plains near Shapoor , or Rajapan ; and it is from this place the canal of Shah Ñehr has been carried a distance of about 73 ...
Page 6
... rivers in Sweden , Norway , and Finland , which cannot fail to be interesting .- " Very light and tender boats , of from 20 to 24 feet in length , con- taining from three to five men , run down the middle of the stream with incredible ...
... rivers in Sweden , Norway , and Finland , which cannot fail to be interesting .- " Very light and tender boats , of from 20 to 24 feet in length , con- taining from three to five men , run down the middle of the stream with incredible ...
Page 7
... rivers , or mountains . In flat districts , the middle part of the road was raised into a terrace . In mountainous districts , the roads were alternately cut through mountains , and raised above the valleys , so as to preserve either a ...
... rivers , or mountains . In flat districts , the middle part of the road was raised into a terrace . In mountainous districts , the roads were alternately cut through mountains , and raised above the valleys , so as to preserve either a ...
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Common terms and phrases
27 feet 30 feet adjoining barrow Batter of Slopes blocks bottom Breadth at Formation bricks bridge canal cast-iron cause chain in length chair coals commences conveyed cube yds cubic content cubic yards decimals Depth of Cutting descending planes distance draught draw effect embankment empty waggons equal equalised erected excavated earth expense feet span fence foot 24 feet force of 150 Formation Level foundation friction gross load gullet hedge horse inches per chain Inclinations of Ascending latter layers Loch Eil locks malleable iron masonry method mile per day miles in length mortar mound navigation Newcastle-upon-Tyne North Shields Ouseburn valley palm oil perpendclr foot 24 perpendclr foot Cutting Perpendicular Foot plants quantity railroads railway ratio river river Tees river Tyne road side sleepers soil stone thickness timber tion tons total resistance tractive force tractive power transverse tunnel underneath wall weight drawn wheels wrought-iron
Popular passages
Page 127 - And they said, Go to, let us build us a city, and a tower, whose top may reach unto heaven; and let us make us a name, lest we be scattered abroad upon the face of the whole earth.
Page 127 - Ye shall no more give the people straw to make brick, as heretofore: let them go and gather straw for themselves. And the tale of the bricks, which they did make heretofore, ye shall lay upon them; ye shall not diminish ought thereof: for they be idle; therefore they cry, saying, Let us go and sacrifice to our God. Let there more work be laid upon the men, that they may labour therein; and let them not regard vain words.
Page 28 - The manner of the carriage is by laying rails of timber from the colliery down to the river, exactly straight and parallel; and bulky carts are made with four rowlets fitting these rails ; whereby the carriage is so easy that one horse will draw down four or five chaldron of coals, and is an immense benefit to the coal merchants.
Page 26 - A level way was covered with a broad platform of strong and solid planks; and to render them more slippery and smooth, they were anointed with the fat of sheep and oxen. Fourscore light galleys and brigantines of fifty and thirty oars were disembarked on the Bosphorus shore, arranged successively on rollers, and drawn forwards by the power of men and pulleys.
Page 28 - Master Beaumont, a gentleman of great ingenuity and rare parts, adventured into our mines with his thirty thousand pounds; who brought with him many rare engines, not known then in these parts — as, the art to boore with iron rodds, to try the deepnesse and thicknesse of the coale, rare engines to draw water out of the pits, wagons with one horse, to carry down coales from the pits to the stathes to the river.
Page 31 - railways have been in use in this kingdom, time out of mind, and they were usually formed of scantlings of good sound oak, laid on sills or sleepers of the same timber, and pinned together with the same stuff...
Page 144 - ... the speed of the carriages may be increased to a very high velocity without any risk of breaking the rails; their toughness rendering them less liable to fracture from an impulsive force, or a sudden jerk. To have the same advantages in this respect, the cast-iron rails would require to be of enormous weight, increasing, of course, the original cost. " From their construction, the malleable iron rails are much more easily kept in order. One bar is made long enough to extend over several blocks...
Page 123 - Watson found by experiment that upon an average every ton of limestone produced i icwt. iqr. ^.Ibs. of quick-lime, weighed before it was cold ; and that when exposed to the air it increased in weight daily at the rate of a hundred weight per ton for the first five or six days after it was drawn from the kiln.
Page 49 - Rule. — To the tonnage in each direction add the weight of the waggons required to carry the greater tonnage, divide the greater sum by the less, and make the quotient, diminished by 1, the numerator, and the same quotient, with 1 added, the denominator of a fraction. Multiply this fraction by the fraction representing the resistance on the level rails, and the result will be the fraction shewing the best inclination for the trade.
Page 29 - There are afterwards arranged along the whole breadth of this excavation, pieces of oak wood, of the thickness of four, five, six, and even eight inches square ; these are placed across and at the distance of two or three feet from each other ; these pieces need only be squared at their extremities, and upon these are fixed other pieces of wood, well squared and sawed, of about six or seven inches breadth, by five in depth, with pegs of wood : these pieces are placed on each side of the road along...