The above-named river, which is very large, runs continually s. collecting the waters of several other rivers, and, making various turns, enters the Negro by four mouths or arms, called Dará, Podaviri, Varaca, and the Principal mouth. From the spot where the first arm divides itself to its entrance into the Negro, it is called Paravillanas.

PARINA-COCAS. See PARINACOCHAS. [PARINA, a point n. w. of the harbour of Payta, on the coast of Peru. The country within the point is high and mountainous. Between Payta and it is a large bay, having shoals. land is low, and some white hills are found all the way.]

The

PARINACOCHAS, a province and corregimiento of the kingdom of Peru; bounded n. by the province of Aimaraes, n. w. by that of Vilcas huaman, e. by that of Chumbivilcas, s. by that Condesuyos de Arequipa, and w. by that of Lucanas. Its length from n. e. to s. w. is 35 leagues, and its width 12 by the opposite rhomb, though rather irregular, as are all the provinces of the sierra. Such being its situation, it is extremely cold, with exception of some ravines, where the temperature is so benign that pears, and other kinds of fruits, except chirimoyas, will grow all the year round, and this more particularly in the settlement of Pause, and in some others, where they grow wheat, beans, and barley in abundance. Here are breeds of cattle, particularly of the lanigerous sort, from the fineness and plenty of the pasture. They weave here some cloth, which they call chuspas, cumbes, and liellas of beautiful fabric, for which purpose they cultivate a sort of grain which they call the magno. In the mountains are found many huanacos, which are used in droves for carrying light burthens.

In the curacy of Pullo, are various mines of gold, which they dress with quicksilver; but the quality of that metal is uncertain, and the emolument it produces is not easily calculated; but it ought not to be small, as a very considerable proportion of labourers and traders find employment by it.

There are here salt mines, various streams of warm medicinal waters, and a lake of seven leagues long and one wide, on which breeds a kind of white bird, whose name, in the language of the country, is panuira, and it is from a corruption of this word, and the adjunct cucha, which signifies lake, that we have parinacocha. Many of the inhabitants, as well Indians as Mustees, are engaged in the occupation of drovers, and carry from the province of Cumaná to that of Cuzco and other parts, wine, brandy, aji, olives, dried

Rebacaico, Bellinga,

Chiapi, Quilcata, Huataca,

Opahuacho,

Alpabamba,

Casiri.

PARINACOTA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Arica in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Copta.

PARIQUIZES, a river of the province and country of Las Amazonas in the Portuguese possessions. It rises between the rivers Juamunda and Guatuma, runs s. and enters the second just

before this enters the Marañon.

PARIS, a settlement of the island of Barbadoes, in the district and parish of S. Thomas, on the w. coast, n. e. of the city of Bridge-town.

PARIS, a small river of Louisiana in N. America, which runs w. and enters the Mississippi, between those of Mine and La Roche.

[PARIS, a thriving township of excellent land in New York state, Herkemer county. It is s. w. of Whitestown six miles, from which it was taken, and incorporated in 1792. In 1795 four townships were taken from it, viz. Hamilton, Sherburne, Brookfield, and Sangersfield. It contained, by the state census of 1796, 3459 inhabitants, of whom 564 were electors. Iron ore is found in the vicinity of Paris. Hamilton academy is situated in this town, in Clinton parish, where also a Congregational church has lately been erected, and marks of rapid progress in improvements and wealth are visible.

[PARIS, an island on the coast of S. Carolina; which see.]

PARITA, a settlement of the alcaldía mayor of Natá in the kingdom of Tierra Firme, near the coast of the S. sea. It produces maize, yucas,

and pigs, with which it supplies the capital of Panamá, from whence it is 40 leagues distant. PARIVA, a river of the province and government of Maracaibo in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It enters the Zaripa.

[PARKER'S Island, in Lincoln county, district of Maine, is formed by the waters of Kennebeck river on the w. by the sea on the s. by Jeremy squam bay on the e. and by a small strait which divides it from Arrowsick island on the n. It derives its name from John Parker, who purchased it of the natives in 1650; and a part of it still remains to his posterity. It is in the. township of Georgetown; which see.]

[PARKER'S River, takes its rise in Rowley, in Essex county, Massachusetts, and after a course of a few miles, passes into the sound which separates Plumb island from the main land. It is navigable about two miles from its mouth, where a bridge crosses it 870 feet long and 26 feet wide, consisting of solid piers and eight wooden arches. It is on the post-road from Boston n. and was built in 1758. It is supported by a toll.]

PARMUNCA, an extensive and beautiful valley of the kingdom of Peru, to the n. w. of Cuzco. It is fertile, of a sandy soil, and was anciently called Chimú, a name of one of the Indian chiefs. The Inca Pachacutec subjected and united it to the empire. La Martiniere calls it Parmonga, citing Mr. de l'Isle, who is no authority; but Garcilaso Inca calls it Parmunga.

PARNAIBA, a river of the kingdom of Brazil, in the territory of Cuyaba. It is small, runs s.s. w. and enters that of Las Porrudos.

PARNAPICABA, a settlement of the province and captainship of San Vincente in Brazil; at the skirt of a mountain of the same name, and near the river Itamán.

PARNASO, a very lofty mountain of the province and government of Guayana, or part of the country of Las Amazonas possessed by the Dutch.

PARO, a small island of the S. sea, near the coast of the province and government of Costarica in the kingdom of Guatemala. It is in the gulf of Nicoya in the middle of its entrance.

PAROQUE, a small river of the province and captainship of Todos Santos in Brazil, which rises near the coast, runs s. and enters the sea by the side of the bay.

PARQUIN, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Chancay in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Canchas.

PARRA, a small island of the gulf of Pa

namá, between the islands Chapira and Cheto, and one of those called Las Perlas, on account of the pearls found there. In lat. 8° 26' n.

PARRAL, SAN JOSEPH DEL, a settlement and real of silver mines, of the province of Tepeguana, and kingdom of Nueva Vizcaya, and one of the most populous settlements in that kingdom: of a mild temperature, fertile, and abounding in fruits, grain, and cattle; situate on the bank of the stream of Oro. In its vicinity are several mines, and different missions which were held by the Jesuits, as also the summer retreats which they call Del Canutillo, At nine leagues distance to the n. is a cultivated estate, and where there are large breeds of cattle, called San Pedro. Seventy-five leagues n. n. w. of the capital, Guadiana, in lat, 27° 10′. long. 261° 30'.

[PARRAMORE, one of the small islands in the Atlantic ocean, which line the e. coast of Northampton county, Virginia.]

PARRAS, a town of the same province and kingdom as the former settlement; situate in the vicinity of the lake of its name, or of San Pedro and the stream of the Guanabal. In its district, especially to the s. are many cultivated estates and grazing lands, such as are those of Los Patos, El Alamo, La Peña, and Oldin. Fifty leagues n. w. of the capital, Guadiana, in lať. 26° 35'. Long. 263° 40'.

[A species of wild vine found in this beautiful situation has procured it the name of Parras from the Spaniards. The conquerors transplanted to this place the vitis vinifera of Asia and this branch of industry has been found to succeed very well.]

PARRAS, another settlement, in the the same province and kingdom as the former town: one of those which compose the missions which were held by the Jesuits.

PARRAGOTES, a nation of barbarous Indians of Equinoctial France, near the n. coast of Cayenne; bounded by the nation of the Supayes, and having a communication and commerce with the Dutch, but being inveterate enemies to the French, fighting them whenever they meet them. Some geographers call them Paracotes.

PARRILLA, SANTA MARIA DE LA. See

SANTA.

PARRIPARIES, a barbarous nation of Indians of the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, descendants of the Panches. They dwell to the w. of the grand river of La Magdalena, and are bounded by the Amurcas and Calandaimas,

are few in numbers, but ferocious and cruel, and consequently feared by other nations.

[PARR Town, a new and thriving town in Nova Scotia.]

[PARR's Point, is the s. e. point of Halfmoon bay, on the n. e. side of the island of St. Christopher's, in the W. Indies. The coast here is rocky.]

[PARSONSFIELD, a township of the disSFIEL trict of Maine, in York county; situate on the New Hampshire line, between Great and Little Ossipee rivers, and is 98 miles n. of Boston. It was incorporated in 1785, and contains 655 inhabitants.]

PARTIDAS, ROCAS, some shoals of the S. sea, close to the coast of the province and government of Veragua in the kingdom of Tierra Firme, opposite the settlement of San Pablo.

PARTIDO, a river of the province and alcaldía mayor of Nicoya, in the kingdom of Guatemala. It rises near its capital, runs n. n. w. and enters the great lake of Nicaragua.

[PARTIDO, a small island, under the high hill of St. Martin, in the s. w. part of Campeachy gulf. It lies in the fair-way across the bay from cape Catoche to Vera Cruz.]

[PARTRIDGEFIELD, a township of Massachusetts, in Berkshire county; 26 miles w.n. w. of Northampton, and 128 w. of Boston. It was incorporated in 1775, and contains 1041 inhabitants. 1

PARU, a town of the province and country of Las Amazonas, in the part settled by the Portuguese; situate towards the n. and on the shore of that river, where the Portuguese have built a fort. The town is in lat. 1° 39' s.

PARU, a river of this province, called by the Portuguese, Ginapape, it flows down from the Sierras de Tumucucuraque to the s. and enters the Amazonas on the n. side, at no great distance from its mouth.

PARU, another river, of the province and government of Caguan, in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It rises in a llanura, runs n. e. and enters the Caura.

PARU, a whirlpool of the river Caura, very large and rapid in the part where this river is entered by the Iniquari.

PARUASI, a river of the province and government of Guayana, or Nueva Andalucia. It runs n. through the territory of the Mapoyes Indians, abounds in excellent fish, and enters the Orinoco by its s. part.

PARUIPA, a small river of the province and captainship of Portoseguro in Brazil. It rises

near the coast, runs e. and enters the sea between the rivers Caravelas and Perecipe.

PARULARI, a river of the province and country of Las Amazonas in the Portuguese possessions. It is the same as the Apulaila vare, which at its source has this name.

PARARUMA, a river of the province and government of Guayana or Nueva Andalucia. It is one of those which enter the Orinoco, opposite the mouth of the Sinaruco. Mr. Bellin calls it Paruma.

PARUPO, a river of the same province and government as the former. It rises from a lake which is near the settlement of Tapia, and enters the Arui by the e. part.

PARURO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Chilques and Masques in Peru. PASAGE, or DOTACIONES, a settlement and garrison of the kingdom of Nueva Vizcaya, where there are 33 men and a captain to guard against the incursions of the infidel Indians. It is situate in a very fertile territory, where there are many gardens, in which are cultivated in abundance fruit trees and vines. It is equally surrounded by many estates, which are fertile in grain and cattle. Towards the n. runs a spacious and pleasant plain. Thirty leagues n. n. e. of the capital.

PASAGE, a small city of the island of Jamaica; situate in the road which leads from Puerto Real to Spanish Town, seven miles s. e. of the latter, at the mouth of the river Cobre, where the English have a fort furnished with 10 or 12 canon. It is a place of much commerce, and its population consists of 400 houses.

PASAGE, a settlement of Indians of the nation of Los Colorados, who dwell in the mountains of this name in the province and corregimiento of Latacunga in the kingdom of Quito.

PASAGE, another, of the province and government of Tucumán in the district and jurisdiction of the city of Salta; situate on the shore of the river of its name, or otherwise called Salado.

PASAGE, a river of the same province. See SALADO.

PASAGE, another river, in the strait of Magellan, which enters the sea opposite the narrow pass of this name.

PASAGE. This narrow pass is where the strait is most contracted, and is the third and last pass to enter the S. sea.

PASAGERO, a small isle of the N. sea, between the Antilles, e. of the island of Puerto Rico, and between this and St. Thomas.

PASAGOCHI, a settlement of the missions which were held by the Jesuits in the province of Taramara and kingdom of Nueva Vizcaya. Thirty-two leagues w. s. w. of the town and real of the mines of San Felipe de Chiguagua.

PASAMACADIE. [See PASSAMAQUODDY.] PASAMACADIE, an island situate near the coast, of the same province, within a bay, to the n. of Grand Menan.

PASAMAYO, or PASAMAYU, a river of the kingdom of Peru. It rises in the province and corregimiento of Canta, in the sierra which divides this province from that of Chancay, from whence it runs w. and then into the S. sea, forming a small bay. Eighteen miles s. of the town of Chancay.

PASAO, or PASADO CABO, a point of the coast of the S. sea, in the province and government of Guayaquil and kingdom of Quito. It is about 25 miles to the s. of the equinoctial line, and on it is a signal-house to give intelligence of vessels appearing on the coast.

PASAOS, or PASAVES, a barbarous nation of Indians, of the province and government of Guayaquil and kingdom of Quito. They inhabit the w. part, and were bounded formerly by the nation of the Mantas. The emperor HuainaCapac, thirteenth monarch of Peru, conquered it, and fixed in its territory the boundary of the empire by this part, on the coast of the Pacific

sea.

This nation is at the present day extinct. PASATARIA, a river of the province and country of Las Amazonas in the Portuguese possessions. It is an arm of the Marañon or Amazonas, which runs in a curve, and forming an island, returns back into itself.

PASATRES, a settlement of the province and captainship of Rey in Brazil; situate at the source of the river Negro.

PASCA, a settlement and head settlement of the district of the corregimiento of this name, in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada. It is of a benign temperature, abounding in the vegetable productions of a warm and cold climate, and is very healthy. Forty-eight miles s. with a slight inclination to the w. of Santa Fé.

PASCA, another settlement, of the province and corregimiento of Cicasica in Peru; on the shore of the lake Chinchaicocha.

[PASCA, another, of the province and government of Mariquita, in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, on the shore of the river Cauca.]

PASCA, another, a large and abundant river which irrigates the province of Tocayma, in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada, and which united

with the Sumapaz, enters the grand river Magdalena, with the name of Fusagasuga. In its vicinity a famous battle was fought between Saguanmachipa, sipa or king of Bogotá, and Uzatama of Tunja, when the former was victorious.

PASCAGOULA, a settlement of Indians of the province and government of Louisiana, on the shore and at the mouth of the river of its

name.

[These Indians live in a small village on Red river, about 60 miles below Natchitoches; are emigrants from Pascagola river in W. Florida; 25 men only of them remaining speak Mobilian, but have a language peculiar to themselves; most of them speak and understand French. They raise good crops of corn and garden vegetables; have cattle, horses, and poultry plenty.]

PASCAGOULA, a bay of the above province, between the bay of Movila and the river Pascagoula.

PASCAGOULA, this river runs s. e. and enters the sea between the former bay and that of San Luis.

[The river Pascagoula passes through the Georgia western territory, pursues a s. by e. course through W. Florida, and empties into the gulf of Mexico by several mouths, which together occupy a space of three or four miles; which is one continued bed of oyster-shells, with very shoal water. The westernmost branch has four feet water, and is the deepest. After crossing the bar there is from three to six fathoms water for a great distance, and the river is said to be navigable more than 150 miles. The soil on this river, like that on all the others that pass through Georgia into the gulf of Mexico, grows better as you advance to its source.]

PASCAMAYO, a port of the coast of Peru in the province and corregimiento of Saña: near it are the ruins of the ancient Lambayeque.

PASCATA, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Asangaro in Peru; annexed to the curacy of Sandia, in the province of Carabaya.

[PASCATAQUA, or PISCATAQUA, is the only large river whose whole course is in New Hampshire. Its head is a pond in the n. e. corner of the town of Wakefield, and its general course thence to the sea is s. s. e. about 40 miles. It divides New Hampshire from York county in the district of Maine, and is called Salmon Fall river, from its head to the lower falls at Berwick, where it assumes the name of Newichawannock, which it bears till it meets with Cochecho river,

which comes from Dover, when both rum toge ther in one channel to Hilton's point, where the w. branch meets it: from this junction to the sea the river is so rapid that it never freezes ; the distance is seven miles, and the course generally from s. to s. e. The w. branch is formed by Swamscot river, which comes from Exeter, Winnicot river, which comes through Greenland, and Lamprey river, which divides Newmarket from Durham; these empty into a bay four miles wide, called the Great Bay. The water, in its further progress, is contracted into a lesser bay, and then it receives Oyster river, which runs through Durham, and Back river, which comes from Dover, and at length meets with the main stream at Hilton's point.

The tide rises into all these bays, and branches as far as the lower falls in each river, and forms a most rapid current, especially at the season of the freshets, when the ebb continues about two hours longer than the flood; and were it not for the numerous eddies, formed by the indentings of the shore, the ferries would then be impassable.

At the lower falls in the several branches of the river are landing-places, whence lumber and other country produce is transported, and vessels or boats from below discharge their lading; so that in each river there is a convenient trading place not more than 12 or 15 miles distant from Portsmouth, with which there is constant communication by every tide. Thus the river, from its form and the situation of its branches, is extremely favourable to the purposes of navigation and commerce. A light-house, with a single light, stands at the entrance of Piscataqua harbour, in lat. 43° 4' n. and long. 70° 43′.]

PÁSCO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Xauja in Peru; the residence of the treasurer, and place of the royal coffers."

PASCO, another settlement, in the province and corregimiento of Tarma, of the same kingdom. PASCONO, a settlement of the province and government of Antioquia in the Nuevo Reyno de Granada; situate on the shore of the grand river Magdalena.

[PASCUARO. See PASAUARO.]

PASIGA, a river of the province and government of Darien in the kingdom of Tierra Firme. It rises in the mountains of the s. coast, and runs into the sea at the side of the point of Menglares.

PASIMONI, an abundant river of the province and government of Guayana or Nueva Andalucia. It rises in the mountains to the w.

of the great lake Parime, and enters, divided into two arms, by the one into the river Negro, by the other into the channel of Casiriaque, forming a great island. Its shores are covered with trees of wild cacao.

PASO, a settlement of the province and corregimiento of Cochabamba in Peru.

PASO, another settlement, which is small, in the government of Neiva and Nuevo Reyno de Granada; situate on the shore of the grand river Magdalena, where it is entered by the Pao. It is much reduced, and its inhabitants, who scarcely amount to 20 Indians, are employed in procuring the gold from the lavaderos (washingplaces) in which it abounds. It is eight leagues from its head settlement.

PASO, another settlement and garrison, with the additional title Del Norte, in the Nuevo Reyno de Vizcaya of N. America; founded to restrain the infidel Indians. One hundred and seventy-five leagues n. of the capital, Durango.

[This presidio, or military post, on the right bank of the Rio del Norte, is separated (says Humboldt) from the town of Santa Fé by an uncultivated country of more than 300 miles in length. We must not confound this place, which some manuscript maps in the archives of Mexico consider as a dependance of New Biscay, with the Presidio del Norte, or De las Juntas, situated further to the s. at the s. side of the mouth of the Rio Conchos. Travellers stop at the Paso del Norte to lay in the necessary provisions for continuing their route to Santa Fé. The environs of the Paso are delicious, and resemble the finest parts of Andalucia. The fields are cultivated with maize and wheat; and the vineyards produce such excellent sweet wines that they are even preferred to the wines of Parras in New Biscay. The gardens contain in abundance all the fruits of Europe, figs, peaches, apples, and pears. As the country is very dry, a canal of irrigation brings the water of the Rio del Norte to the Paso. It is with difficulty that the inhabitants of the presidio can keep up the dam, which forces the waters of the rivers when they are very low to enter into the canal (azequia). During the great swells of the Rio del Norte, the strength of the current destroys this dam almost every year in the months of May and June. The manner of restoring and strengthening the dam is very ingenious. The inhabitants form baskets of stakes, connected together by branches of trees, and filled with earth and stones. These gabions (cestones) are abandoned to the force of the current, which, in its