Transactions, Issues 26-32

Front Cover
1879
Includes its Constitution, by-laws and list of members.

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Page 44 - The effect of atmospheric changes upon the fibre of textile bands renders it impossible, with the present method of constructing frames, to keep them at a uniform tension, but this variation can be reduced by a little care. Is it not worth while for each spinner to learn the proper band tension required for his special work, and then keep within those limits? The whole power required to run the frame would not vary in direct proportion to the varying resistance due to the friction of spindles at...
Page 42 - Oil, made by the same firm, yielded for a coefficient of friction as the result of five different trials, .1246, .1195, .1297, .1201, .1221: mean, 1233. Much of the irregularity, slight as it is, is due to the variable speed of the engine. Concurrent results were obtained under equal circumstances, but the coefficient of friction varied, not merely with the lubricants used, but also with the temperature, pressure, and velocity. The results of my own experiments on mediate friction do not agree with...
Page 48 - The result of bleaching does not affect the anti-frictional properties of the oil, although it undoubtedly reduces its gumming qualities. The friction of sperm oil is subject to sudden variations which occur at certain temperatures for the same sample of oil. The explanation of this lies in the fact that sperm oil consists of a large number of varieties of spermaceti, each of which is liquefied at certain temperatures, at which the oil is relieved of waxy or at least gelatinous particles and becomes...
Page 43 - ... one and a half million are of this manufacture, and in a large number of the remainder, the conditions of lubrication are quite similar. The apparatus is used in the following manner to measure the coefficient of friction of oil. After cleaning with gasoline and wiping carefully with wash leather, the disks are oiled and run for about five hours, being kept cool by a stream of water circulating through the upper disk. From time to time they are taken apart, cleaned, and oiled again. After using...
Page 88 - ... on the part of those who are more eager than discreet in their effort to rise, yet, on the whole, the relation of the various classes, which must in the nature of things always and everywhere exist, is that of mutual respect, and anything like the old-world distinctions of caste and rank would seem about as absurd to one as to the other. The common school is the solvent of race, creed, nationality, and condition. In another way, the discipline of the school affects the processes of manufacture....
Page 42 - ... rounded end of the upper shaft fits into a corresponding depression in the top of the upper disk. This method of connection retains the disk over the proper centre, yet it is allowed to sway enough to correct any irregularity of motion caused by imperfection of construction or wear of the lower disk. To obtain the desired condition of pressure, weights are placed directly upon the upper spindle. The axes of the upper and lower spindles do not lie in the same straight line, but are parallel, being...
Page 40 - ... each other. The coefficient of friction is the relation which the pressure upon moving surfaces bears to resistance. I have devoted some time to the examination of this subject, in the interests of the Mill Mutual Insurance Companies of New England. In this report of my •work upon the measurement of friction of lubricating oils, I shall restrict myself to a description of the apparatus designed especially for the purpose, the method of its use, and the results obtained with a number of oils...
Page 87 - ... applied. What he fails to notice is that the school itself, entirely apart from its instruction, is the great educator of the children who attend it. The school is, first of all, no respecter of persons : the stupid son of a rich man, led in every class by the son of a mechanic, cannot in...
Page 41 - ... coefficient of friction. The operation of these machines, by their failure to obtain correct data, adduced certain negative evidence which established positive conditions as indispensable in the construction of a machine capable of measuring the friction of oils. The following circumstances must be known or preserved constant, — temperature, velocity ,-pressure, area of the frictional surfaces, thickness of the film of oil between the surfaces, and the mechanical effect of the friction. In...
Page 82 - The principal market for our own fabrics is found among the thrifty working-people, who constitute the great mass of our population. It has therefore happened that, although we have not until recently undertaken the manufacture of very fine fabrics, the average quality of the fabrics that we do make is better than that of any other nation, with the possible exception of France. It is for the wants of the million that our cotton factories are mainly worked, and we have ceased to import staple goods,...

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