tion of the Statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency by the United States: The General Department of United Church Women which is made up of 10 million women of the 31 cooperating denominations through 2,200 State and local councils located in the 48 States, Washington, D. C., Hawaii, and Alaska, wishes to urge that the establishment of the International Atomic Energy Agency be speeded by the early ratification of the statute by the United States. The board of managers of United Church Women, made up of leaders from all States, at its meeting in Chicago, April 30, 1957, unanimously adopted a resolution which in part stated: "Believing that the establishment of the Agency will protect the interests of the United States and at the same time make available knowledge and materials for more widespread use of atomic energy for peaceful purposes; Be it "Resolved, That the board of managers of United Church Women brings this question to the attention of its constituency by pointing out the need to speed the establishment of the International Atomic Energy Agency by the early ratification of the statute by the United States." This position taken by United Church Women is in keeping with the National Council of Churches of Christ in the United States of America as expressed in a letter to the United States delegation to the 10th General Assembly of the U. N.: "It is our hope that the 10th General Assembly will take such steps as will hasten the establishment of the International Atomic Energy Agency envisaged by President Eisenhower in his address of December 1953, to the General Assembly." The United Church Women have supported the establishment of an agency to promote the positive use of atomic power since 1954. At that time President Eisenhower was commended for his proposal to the United Nations to create an atomic energy agency. It was believed, as stated by the board of managers, that the establishment of the Agency would encourage the use of fissionable materials now devoted to weapons of war for raising standards of living in all countries. Church women were encouraged to study all proposals for the constructive use of atomic energy, to help form public opinion on the subject, and to make their opinions known to representatives of the Government. They have considered it their Christian responsibility to see that the new power of atomic energy be used for the development of human well-being everywhere. The U. N. observer of the United Church Women has attended sessions of the U. N. at which the atoms-for-peace program was discussed since it was first proposed in 1953. She attended almost all the sessions of the Conference at which the statute was drafted and adopted by the 81 nations, October 23, 1956. Local councils throughout the country have received reports and study material on the atoms-for-peace program for the past 3 years. Their approval of the proposed Agency stems from the understanding of the need for a supervisory body through which technical information and know-how can be exchanged. The system of controls and inspection of fissionable materials which would be achieved through the Agency, as outlined in article 12 of the statute, it is believed will prevent the risk of the diversion of atomic materials from peaceful to miliary application and go far in preventing additional nations from joining the atomic arms race. The United Church Women have repeatedly urged that the United Nations be used increasingly for assistance to other nations and to build world cooperation and understanding. Atomic power offers new hope to the power-starved countries of the world. According to statements made by the delegates during the U. N. debates, the Agency since first proposed has caught the imagination of the peoples of the world. Since the United States proposed the International Atomic Energy Agency, it should now help to bring the Agency into being in order to continue the dynamic leadership the United States has offered to the newer nations and underdeveloped areas of the world in their search for a better life. AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF UNIVERSITY WOMEN, Senator THEODORE F. GREEN, Senate Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, Washington, D. C. DEAR SENATOR GREEN: The international relations committee of the AAUW had its annual program planning meeting here in Washington last weekend. The 92318-57--16 relationship of the United States with other countries in many aspects was under discussion. Particular attention and consideration was given to the question of ratification by the United States of the statute enabling an International Atomic Energy Agency by the committee which includes in its membership: Mrs. Walter H. Bennett, 8 Beech Hills, Tuscaloosa, Ala. Mrs. Arthur L. Brandon, 2108 Copley Avenue, Ann Arbor, Mich. Dr. Meribeth E. Cameron, Mount Holyoke College, South Hadley, Mass. Dr. Gwendolen M. Carter, Smith College, Northampton, Mass. Miss Dorothy B. Robins, Foreign Policy Association, New York, N. Y. Mrs. Ivar Spector, 8012 20th Street, NE., Seattle, Wash. Because of your courtesies in the past in connection with our study program in the field of international relations, we feel that you will be interested in the conclusions of this committee and in the fact that "cooperation with other countries for the use of atomic energy toward peaceful purposes" is a principle which we support in our national legislative program. We would like to ask that you include the accompanying statement into the record of the hearings on the Interntaional Atomic Energy Agency which are now in progress. Sincerely, ALISON G. BELL, Legislative Associate. STATEMENT ON THE INTERNATIONAL ATOMIC ENERGY AGENCY SUBMITTED FOR THE RECORD TO THE SENATE COMMITTEE ON FOREIGN AFFAIRS The American Association of University Women is an organization of over 140,000 women college graduates, organized into 1,366 branches in the 48 States, the District of Columbia, Hawaii, Alaska, and Guam. One of the association's major activities is to foster study programs which are pursued by branches and individual members in fields such as international relations; a complementary activity is to give expression to the conclusions of such study groups in a legislative program. At the most recent biennial convention of the association, held in 1955 in Los Angeles, the following principle of action was adopted as a part of AAUW's legislative program: "Support of a constructive foreign policy *** designed to develop conditions favorable to democracy, economic well-being, security, and peace throughout the world, through such measures as *** cooperation with other countries for the use of atomic energy toward peaceful purposes." The association's committees on international relations and legislative program have studied the statute for the International Atomic Energy Agency as well as the arguments for and against United States ratification of the statute. It is our considered opinion that the proposed international Agency will truly "develop conditions favorable to democracy, economic well-being, security and peace throughout the world." It is therefore our recommendation and our hope that the Senate at its present session will authorize the President to ratify the statute. We are impressed by the potential opportunity of the new Agency to channel and control the development of nuclear power in such a way as to result in maximum benefit and minimum danger to men of all nations. We are keenly appreciative of the dangers in the competitive development of atomic energy by an increasing number of nations if no such international clearinghouse-supervisory agency distributor comes into being. We are convinced that the mutual selfinterest of the major nuclear powers will guarantee the integrity of the new Agency and assure its operation free from sabotage. Finally, we are hopeful that experience gained through international supervision of atomic energy applied to peaceful uses will be convertible to international supervision of atomic energy in its military applications. As observers of the reputation of United States foreign policy abroad we are conscious that an American retreat from the International Atomic Energy Agency will have disastrous effects both for the Agency and for the good name of United States foreign policy everywhere. The Agency's "made in America” label is visible in most of the world outside the United States; the Agency is itself the tangible fruit of the President's 1953 address to the U. N. General Assembly on the peaceful uses of atomic energy. For the United States at this time to disown IAEA or to enter it grudgingly and with reservations will invite the taunt of "hypocrite" from more than the Soviet world. Few courses of action for nations or for individuals are completely without risk, but failure to act may on occasion be more dangerous than action. In our opinion, the calculated risks for the United States involved in joining the International Atomic Energy Agency are far less than those to be incurred by rejecting IAEA or by postponing decision. On behalf of the American Association of University Women, therefore, we strongly urge the United States Senate to authorize ratification of the statute for the International Atomic Energy Agency. Mr. C. C. O'DAY, Dr. MERIBETH E. CAMERON, Chairman, Legislative Program Committee. Clerk, Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate, Washington, D. C. DEAR MR. O'DAY: Thank you for your courteous telegram of May 16, 1957, which reads as follows: "Robert Kemp, care of Robert I. Dennison, Munsey Building, Washington, D. C. Reference your request to testify on Statute of International Atomic Energy Agency, our schedule of witnesses already listed to testify Monday, May 20, does not permit including you among those appearing that day. In the event future public hearing is held your name will, of course, be listed. If you desire to file written statement committee will be glad to consider it for printed record of hearing. C. C. O'DAY, Clerk, Committee on Foreign Relations, My initial approach to you was as a long-time expert on the subject of fuelless power production and use. By fuelless power, I meany any form or heat or power production that does not depend upon the burning of carbon fuels, or consuming any atomic fuels such as are needed for the making of atomic heat or power. The burning of the gas, hydrogen, in oxygen to make steam (or water) is an ideal source of mechanical energy and heat. But, more about this later, especially as it pertains to the portable powering of all kinds of vehicles, everywhere. In the meantime, by way of qualifying myself further, as a prospective witness at your hearing, or as one whose thoughts are worthy of being duly printed in your Foreign Relations Committee record, kindly let me state, that by reason of my "Structural Elements" United States patent issued on November 14, 1922, I am the technical father of the fibrous reinforced heat-hardened plastic vehicle (land, water, or aircraft vehicle), such as the plywood or the fiberglass-plastic boat, airplane and automobile, also flat and corrugated fiberglass-plastic sheet and molded plywood sheet, and I was the first inventor ever to illustrate and describe in any patent, waterproof plywood, the layers of which were bonded with any form of heat-hardened resin—and today, no aircraft is flying anywhere but what has some of my own inventions as parts of its construction. Having been active in aircraft engineering and development for the better part of the past 50 years, I am naturally a keen student of all kinds of aircraft and other vehicular powerplants. This includes my own list of over 300 ways of obtaining fuelless power in one way or another, such as winds, waves, tides, earth heats, waterfalls, buoyancy, pneumatic and hydraulic pressure, volume or temperataure differences, etc. Sun power and heat pumps combined form an excellent way of avoiding the wasteful burning of fuels, which at their present prodigiously increasing rate of consumption by burning will soon leave our descendants void of petroleum and either hard or soft coal. Of the 30 human essentials we all have to have as we live together in this higher latitude climate of the north temperate zone; at least 22 of these may always be thought of strictly in terms of kilowatts, or horsepower of energy, or of British thermal units of heat. Having been instrumental, some years ago, in technically proving the utter impossibility of any large-scale future human warfare on this globe, lest this highly compressed liquid earth destroy itself by suddenly (and without warning) losing its rotational balance, and thus fly apart; since 1950 all things and persons military, have seemed utterly lunatic to me. We dare not use any blockbuster type of bombs, for they start volcanic eruptions (as discovered by the Italian people after the World War II bombing of Salerno Beach, in Italy), that in turn cause earthquakes, which then, in turn, knock off-center the 4,300-mile-diameter iron ball normally in the center of our planet, with consequent recurrent earthquakes, and recurrent volcanic action, resulting therefrom (this being the "Kemp effect,” which I discovered at the time of the second Bikini bomb explosion), all of which makes very possible the self-destruction of our revolving world, due to war, without any future warning, and all without the use of either atomic or hydrogen bombs (themselves, of far greater power than the largest blockbuster-type bomb ever used during the Salerno Beach invasion). In 1931, I visited Moscow in the U. S. S. R., and came away from there realizing that they were in entire control of this complete earth, due to their heavy ownership of all forms of human property everywhere, and that practically everything of large scope that happened politically in these United States, was initially motivated from the Kremlin, whether it was good, bad, or indifferent. Their various fixed and movable property holdings on North America, I could see, were then (in 1931) so huge, that it was obvious to me, they put Franklin Delano Roosevelt in the United States Presidency, if only to have him irritate the Japanese people into a war with the United States, to the eventual subjugation and then the freeing of the Japanese people, in retaliative return for the trouncing the Japs gave the Russians in the early part of the 20th century, when I was a boy. So, that anything that happens in Washington, D. C., today, that is of large moment, or as a matter of national policy, is, at least as I now see it, first started (or initiated) in Moscow, U. S. S. R., and then later carried out here (in Washington, D. C.) by our duly constituted legislatures, executive and judiciary, that is, unless we, ourselves, do strenuously object. As regards people, Moscow seems to possess some of the finest people I have ever had the pleasure of meeting anywhere. It also contains, without exception some of the most hideous humans now residing on this planet, who are capable of torturing and physically mutilating other human beings in ways too horrible to talk about in open company. When one is in Moscow, evidences of this fanatical lunacy present themselves all over the city, as they are said to, in Alaska. The reason for this, is the wide alternations of sun energy reception, over the summer and winter seasons, a subject too detailed to be herein discussed at any length. But yet, it should be noted, because (due again to my own researches) it is now well on its way toward eventual correction. All of this is by way of being a prolog to what I have to explain with reference to the wisdom of the United States Senate authorizing the proposed World Agency for the wider international development of atomic energy for so-called peacetime uses of making electric power and heat. The Kremlin, in so many of its world decisions, returns again and again to the Marx and Engels Communist Manifesto-or, in other words, the virtual Communist Party bible. What the Manifesto indicates as correct, is so frequently the Kremlin line of approach, to any new problem, especially if it has worldwide scope or implications. However, unfortunately, the Communist Manifesto is so basically imprecise and inaccurate, any policy decisions founded upon it are so often the very way the human family should never turn, or be turned (by Moscow). The Manifesto, and the Marxian theories generally were not put together with the inventor in mind. Karl Marx was not an inventor. Neither was Nicoli Lenin. Stalin was much more of an inventor, than either of the previous two; yet, because Stalin, like Lenin, was primarily an administrator, rather than an originating (or inventive) genius, he often failed to fully appreciate the inventor (and particularly the independent inventor) in his everyday role of incubating, novel, unique, interesting, labor employing new ideas (inventions and enterprises, that is), the ingenious person whose various inventions, spark, sometimes, literally, thousands of other new inventive concepts, of immense value for those who promote new businesses, and lay the very foundations for countless thousands of new commercial ideas, industries, and efforts. Moreover, the Marxian-Lenin thoughts embrace the proletariat, also the bourgeois-two types of persons impossible to distinguish (one from the other) in our present social picture. We can recognize the leisure person, the professional military and the two types of human workers, the wealth worker and the service worker. This newer classification comprehends most human beings in our present, most active human family. We are all simians, that is, namely, monkeylike creatures. As such, we are curious, imitative, and highly mischievous. If we (each of us) send forth compassion, mercy, and love for our fellow man (because we are "monkeylike creatures"), this is precisely what will soon be returning to us; whereas, if we constantly vibrate hate of our fellow man, and send that forth in every direction (and by every means and method), again, all of us humans every place, once more being like the gorillas, apes, and the chimpanzees, gibbons (and the various other monkeys), will begin to receive "hate" from every conceivable direction. Social affairs become extremely "messy" under such a "hate motivated government" (or misgovernment). At the moment, the world is the victim of three gigantic hoaxes: First, that the peoples of the planet, or some substantial number of them, want war, when they do not at all; that we could wage a war with atomic missiles (that is absolutely unthinkable among sane persons); and third, that the atomic bomb is terrible, whereas peacetime atomic heat and power is beneficial and should be expanded all across this earth. This last is probably the most vicious hoax of all. It has placed the sanest among us at a most hideous disadvantage, as the members of the United States Foreign Relations Committee are beginning to see. The expanded development of atomic heat and power (for so-called peacetime uses) is one of the worst nightmares plaguing humanity right this minute-and it is within the power of the Senate to recognize this fact, and move promptly, to eliminate this nightmare, in a quick, sensible, and thoroughly politically practical manner. It is generally agreed that atomic or hydrogen bombs will kill us quickly, and that if we ever staged any future war, using such weapons, our planet, earth, would be so promptly and completely poisoned (by atomic radiation), vast numbers of us, and probably all persons on this globe, would suddenly succumb to radiation poisoning, for which the medical profession have now no cure of any kind (kindly see the New York Tribune, p. 1, on May 9, 1957). Nor, is it ever likely that they (the medical researchers and the doctors) will ever find a cure for such an illness, which, like leprosy, is always so completely incurable. Once afflicted, the person poisoned by atomic radiation, is doomed to a slow or a more rapid death, according to the degree of his (or her) poisoning, and whether the radiation is continuing to accumulate inside the individual. Either one way or the other, death by radiation, is a certain fate, and there is nothing any other person can do about it to cause death to come later, rather than sooner. The radiation patient is simply and most surely doomed. The atomic or hydrogen bomb will kill us quickly. So-called peacetime atomic heat and power (or atomically activated medicines or foods) will kill us just as surely as the bomb will. The only difference is in the time it will take to do it. And, if atomic or hydrogen atomic (as distinguished from the burning of plain hydrogen gas in oxygen) energy for heat and power production, doesn't kill us, it will kill our children after us, and, if it doesn't kill them, it will surely kill their children after them. If any of this fails to happen quite as quickly as some of us look forward to its taking place, we, who think about these gruesome ideas, are now practically all willing to agree, that, in 100 or 150 years from now, our great-grandchildren will be facing atomic-radiation death, in every place they are—almost everywhere on this globe they will then be able to look. The "Grim Reaper," death, will be taking his toll, among these great-grandchildren of ours, not yet born, and they will look back through history and curse our very existence, and our callous and total disregard of the full, certain, and final consequences, of our present-day acts toward the advancement and wider distribution of atomic heat and power producing mechanisms—as well as these many atomic and hydrogen bombs that the thoughtless and careless among us are senselessly urging be exploded year after year, over our homes and heads. Never before, in all previous human history, have we ever been able to steadily watch these same accumulatively lethal actions of any similar group of technical and scientific human beings so thoroughly determined to finally effect the eventual extinction of absolutely all vegetation, animal and human life on this planet earth, including, of course, the future lives of their own, as well as our own descendants, whose ultimate safety and well-being are now so completely in our hands and for whom these same present-day scientists and engineers have not one single thought, nor care, nor any humane feeling whatsoever. Indeed, it is well-nigh unthinkable, when one of the obviously brightest, most peace-loving minds among us defends bomb explosions but, because that mind is so thoroughly a legal mind, it says in effect "we demand proof that these atomic and hydrogen bomb explosions are really so deadly." Let it be said, in all earnestness, when the time comes, that the legal mind will accept such legal proof— |