Now the whole arrangements of world government are, in fact, a giant reactor, a very imperfect giant reactor, in which nations, individuals, and philosophies have a part. Nations themselves are good essential parts of this giant reactor and the assembly of the United Nations is a good philosophical base. The nations are the correct building blocks for world order. When the nations are of the same philosophy, like the United States and Canada, the present imperfect reactor works well even with the builtin international institution of war. Therefore, I will say repeatedly, that the true way to real peace is to establish those great trends to get all the nations free and truly independent. This is the peoples job. There is no short cut to peace. Peace must result from the work of millions of people.

I now need your friendship and help. The inventive thinker must always come to a point of fateful decision. There comes a time when his findings must be tested in the crucible of world opinion and action; a time when his inventive ideas form the battle lines of history. He can know no defeat and no victory. The standard can never be dropped from his hand until death itself releases him from the battle.

I may as well tell the people now what is really going on in the world and my place in this action. Discoveries of great significance can best be explained by the discoverer. If there have been people who have helped with inspiration and friendship those people have a right to share in such new fields as have been found. In my case the children have a right to know how this great work goes that they have inspired with their love and trust. We have come to a place where we can dimly see the outlines of a better world, where the people will be in charge where the institutions of public order will replace the international institution of war-where the dictatorships of the proletariat will be replaced by governments responsive to the peoples' needs in all sectors of life-where the national cultures will be free and man will have some joy in the passage of this life-where each man makes his peace with God according to the dictates of his own heart and conscience where the weapons of war are vanished from the earth and mans' attention is turned to making the earth a place for children to live.

These things are not the hopes of a dreamer. These things are the necessities of life and the trends toward these ideals are now clearly discernable in the actions of the people of the earth. You are here considering one action in the trend toward world order.

It is necessary that I establish my place in these matters because papers of great historical value are being lost; because too great a stain is being placed upon the physical resources of the inventor and his wife; because conflicts are occurring and lives are being lost unnecessarily by reason of the burial of inspiration; because Communist philosophers, trying to aline themselves with the great trends in human affairs, are claiming some credit for ideas concerning great trends expressed in the free world by a schoolteacher February 22, 1955, in the message to Moscow; because the people of the earth want to know how to carry on the third world war, the peaceful struggle of the people for dignity and life; because the people want to know what is actually taking place in the world. I will mention two mechanisms that play havoc with the great reactor of world government. The first is the balance of power theory that is actually part of the mechanism of the international institution of war. Untold millions of people have paid their lives to prove this system of world order won't work. It always has and it always will end up in the explosion of the reactor. I think Von Brentano had that in mind when he insisted Germany should never become a world power which means the same thing as becoming a party to the balance of power concept. Japan is also reluctant to get back in the game.

The most devastating thing that can happen in this modern age, in this century, is an attempt to spread a philosophy by force, in combination with the designs of the national state. It is only the nature of the A-bomb and the power of the United States that stayed Stalin from the conquest of Europe and the fusing of the giant reactor explosion. Now the whole thing has gravitated into the balance of power field, with the booby traps left on the world scene by Stalin being armed with atomic warheads. The increasing range of the great weapons has given rulers and the people alike the grand delusion-the hallucination that the world would be controlled by one power. The message to Moscow was buried here. The great trend among the pepole of the earth for dignity and freedom that will utterly dominate the last half of this century was casually dismissed as wishful thinking. The Hungarian uprising that proved the futility of armor

and power in controlling people who mean to be free; that proved beyond doubt that no nation can control other nations permanently does not seem to have conveyed the lesson it should. The minds and hearts of the people are the citadels of freedom and dignity in this century, and the people will prevail for their numbers are legion and they are the base stock of every nation in this world. They will be led and they will know their leaders.

In this time of grave danger to the people it is only natural that they should call on their leaders they know and trust, like Dr. Schweitzer, to act as elders of the people, to build a council to act as trustees of a great foundation to do basic research and find new methods of conservation, so that the earth could be conserved and the attention of the world attracted to the needs of life. When you have this great leadership in action-when you have children and adults pledging some small amount for the general welfare of all; then you will have your millions of young people who will train themselves in science to do the worlds' work and be of service to their fellow men. They will take part in the third world war and these children who now pledge some small amount to keep other children safe from fear and obliteration will not let this work be torn asunder when they are grown. There you have the institutions of peace we need to replace the international institution of war. We must substitute one for the other. There, too, you have a work in which each free national culture could have an equal part for the great work of the Assembly of the nations could find there some appreciation, and in turn the training ground of the United Nations and the specialized agencies would furnish men of experience and wisdom for the great foundation. The world would be involved in work, to meet the grave issues which now confront us.

That, Gentlemen, is the shape of our future civilization; the shape of things to come. We will be working with the great trends now stirring the people of the earth.

To give some illustration to the work of the great council; to show in some degree the rights of the people in respect to the assembled philosophies of freemen I have written and distributed in part to the embassies and the news services a series of messages which combine simple inspiration for the peoples' work with recommendations such as the great council might give for the settlement of problems. These have been very well received, in fact, two nations through their information services have offered their moral support to this philosophical enterprise. I have not had the time to write three more messages on great happenings in the world, of serious importance to people everywhere, nor have I had the means to contact men of like mind in other parts of the world.

I would say that the main desire of the people right now everywhere on the earth is to have their leaders get down to work and the business of living; and stop a lot of this foolishness that is going on, which can only mean their death and the destruction of the complexes of industry that they have given their lives to acquire. For 37 years I have seen the Russian people sacrifice that great factories and industries might be had for a better livelihood. A war would utterly destroy this stockpile of the peoples' wealth-and make the earth a horrible place. I cannot believe that the Russian leaders can be too unwilling to let the Russian people survive, in a world geared for living and not for death. To the accomplishment of this great task there is no other necessity than getting at it.

A few years ago Einstein wrote to the President of the United States that it might be possible to secure the reaction of the atom for the service of or the destruction of the people. On February 22, 1955, I announced to the President and many others. through the means of the message to Moscow that it was now possible and greatly desirable to set up a human chain reaction, to involve the people of the earth in the building of institutions of public order, the enlargement of common work, and the assembling of men trusted by all, to conduct basic research and make recommendation on the great problems which increasingly confront the people of all lands-not by what nations could do in the first instance but by what the people could do, out of their own resources and hearts. To the three principles mentioned earlier in this statement I now add a real discovery in human reaction. People will sign conditional pledges to build these institutions which represent a better life for people everywhere. I have talked with hundreds of people and I secured enough pledges over a year ago to know the chain reaction that could be set up when the proper time arrived. I judge that time is near.

We are now ready to consider the International Atomic Agency in relation to the institutions of public order which must now be built to replace the cold war, the international institution of war and some other defective contrivances that now form the sum of world government. There must be a gradual substitution. We must secure the actions of millions of people in the process. In general we must use the same principle that applies when a community is regenerated by the local church, by the local boys clubs, by civic effort and the replacement of slum housing. All the things the ennoble man have their proper place in building a world order and a world society where children can thrive and men have the passage of this life in peace. There is a place for every useful institution including the military in keeping public order. There is no real disunion between the peoples and nowhere on this earth do the people themselves want war or atomic pollution.

I have been thrilled by the growth and the competency of the Assembly of the United Nations. This will be an increasingly good base to build public order

on.

As the nations gain in freedom and in cooperation great leaders are rising in that field. The substitution of institutions of public order for the antique arrangements foisted on us by the centuries is taking place before our eyes. It must proceed with more speed because of the fixation-the power psychosis, the delusion that the increase in the range and ferocity of the weapons has produced in our minds. This substitution must be accompanied by a gradual decentralization of the power complexes. Perhaps disestablishment of them would be a better word. We must get back to earth and the people must be brought into the process, so that even children may have a useful part.

As problems are solved, world bureaucracy will grow less.

I think it may be useful to this committee to know that the philosophy of my Junior Volunteers might be properly outlined by adding the words "world community" to the 4-H pledge. Neighborhood Junior Volunteer Clubs, to build good communities, good countries and hte world community would be useful in many places in the world.

In considering this International Atomic Energy Agency we can assume that all those arrangements by which the nations get along are world government. We must consider whether the International Agency would fill a useful purpose. We can say that it is world government in respect to the use of certain materials and techniques to exploit for the people of the earth the discoveries in the field of the atom. I think it might better be described as atoms for work; work that meets the needs of the people. An increase in public order and cooperation can result from that useful work. It can only result in peace if we go much further and finish the job of gearing the world for life. It is one step in that process. I believe it is a step we should take. It is an increase in common work-a positively necessary step to build public order.

I believe wherever useful work can be accomplished in relation to all the people of the earth it is better to go ahead than to follow those arrangements which tend to throw two parts into competition. With useful work going on the arrangements tend to outline more clearly the garishness, the foolishness of the instruments to destroy people and their means of livelihood. People tend to put more faith in those arrangements which promote life.

Whether we have the great council or not we will have recommendation to meet the problems of atomic pollution that will arise. These are world problems. If there is already world cooperation in the field of atomic know-how and control of pollution these useful recommendations can more quickly be implemented in actions that will be far more effective because of this common body of experience and cooperation in the International Atomic Energy Agency.

I consider that the members of this committee who have listened to the testimony have far greater knowledge and competence to judge whether these arrangements can be used in the cold war than I have. We are in a great trend in human affairs. It is not probable that any matter, any small diversion in an Agency of this kind could have any effect on world affairs nor is it probable that any nation could gain any support of the nations for trying such a maneuver to interfere with those arrangements which mean an increase in the livelihood of all. I do not fear any loss in any philosophical conflict with any enterprise of oppression. The people want to live and let live. People are of one constitution everywhere. They want increasing freedom, increasing participation in government and they all seek the safety and security of their homes, their nation, and their world.

I owe it to you, to people everywhere, to those young people in my classes in North Carolina and Florida to bring to your attention the fact that the philosophical program to get rid of Stalinism did not start at the 20th Communist Congress. The young people who volunteered to be original Junior Volunteers in my school classes at Winter Haven, Fla., know that it started in the message to Moscow a full year before the 20th Communist Congress; that in fact, it started years before when this inventor watched a little boy he loved play around Lim and determined to secure a chain reaction of people to build a world where children would be safe and free. This is the matter you are engaged in. We have one common purpose: We may disagree on method but there will emerge from our efforts a mature civilization and the institutions of public order to replace the defective mechanisms that uselessly endanger our children's lives. I thank you for the great courtesy you have extended me in these deliberations of your committee. PAUL D. THOMPSON, Sr.

P. S.-I wish to express my admiration for the great amount of good work that has been done by hundreds of people in many lands in the formation of the International Atomic Energy Agency.

P. D. T. NATIONAL SOCIETY OF NEW ENGLAND WOMEN, Washington, D. C., May 24, 1957.

Senator THEODORE F. GREEN,

Chairman, Senate Foreign Relations Committee,
Senate Office Building, Washington, D. C.

DEAR SENATOR GREEN: Enclosed is a marked copy of the resolutions adopted by the National Society of New England Women in annual congress assembled May 22, 1957.

We would like to have the "atoms-for-peace" resolution incorporated in the hearing record on this subject. We believe the peace of the world is best assured by the maintenance of the United States of the skills and know-how and materials of atomic energy and sharing, if desired, with selected countries in bilateral agreements as at present. If we are going to maintain the self-appointed task of world leadership with any success, we better lead in a positive fashion and in the national interest which will be also in the best interests of the people of the world.

This society urges a reduction in the budget, is opposed to more Federal aid to school construction and so-called and misnamed civil-rights legislation and would have the Senate maintain the present cloture rule in order to ensure the continuance of the last free parliamentary body in the world.

Sincerely,

MADALIN D. LEETCH
Mrs. W. D. Leetch,
Chairman of Legislation.

RESOLUTIONS ADOPTED BY THE NATIONAL SOCIETY OF NEW ENGLAND WOMEN 44TH ANNUAL CONGRESS, MAY 22, 1957, NEW OCEAN HOUSE, SWAMPSCOTT, MASS.

I. REDEDICATION

Whereas the 44th annual congress of the National Society of New England Women comes at a critical period unparalled in socialistic threats and communistic dangers to the Republic and to Christianity; and

Whereas the society's fundamental principles are more sorely needed today than ever before for constitutional government and individual freedom under God:

Resolved, That the National Society of New England Women rededicate itself to the emulation of the spirit and service of the forefathers and reconsecrate its best efforts to their crusading zeal for the perpetuation of their courage and faith.

II. REAFFIRMATION

See resolutions of 1951, 1952, 1953, 1954, 1955, 1956.

A. Dedications

1. Principles of the Declaration of Independence and the Constitution of the United States.

2. Sovereignty and integrity of the United States.

3. Appreciation of our heritage.

B. Preserve the Constitution

1. Expose world government and Atlantic union.

2. Restrict the United Nations, UNESCO, Red China.

3. Oppose the Status of Forces Treaty, the Genocide Convention, International Labor Organization, Organization for Trade Cooperation, General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade, reciprocal trade agreements, Covenant on Human Rights.

4. Support the Bricker amendment on the treatymaking power; the ReedDirksen (now Dirksen-Gwinn) amendment on the taxing power; the ByrdBridges amendment on expenditures and receipts; the Mundt-Coudert amendment to reform the electoral college; the Reed-Walter (now Gwinn) amendment to give States full power to originate amendments to the Constitution.

C. National defense and foreign policy

1. For superior airpower and adequate Army and Navy.

2. Sever diplomatic relations with the U. S. S. R.

3. Outlaw the Communist Party.

4. Curtail foreign spending.

5. Oppose drafting of women for military service.

6. Release of American soldiers held in Communist prisons.

7. Oppose pooling atomic information and resources.

D. Domestic security

1. Preservation of McCarran-Walter Immigration and Nationality Act: (a) Oppose influx of additional refugees.

2. Oppose Federal aid to education with inevitable control:

(a) Urge a recognition of divine guidance in school programs.
(b) Urge study of American history.

3. Support Sons of the American Revolution bill of grievances.

4. Urge oath of allegiance for candidates for public office.

5. Question membership of public officials in world-government promoting groups.

6. Oppose socialized medicine.

7. Caution on fluoridating water.

8. Support of right-to-work laws, forbidding compulsory unionism.

9. Resumption of its constitutional obligations by the Congress.

10. Gold redemption.

11. Economy in Government.

E. Endorse investigations

1. Tax-exempt foundations.

2. Congressional committees of investigation.

F. Endorse patriotic programs

1. Alexander Hamilton Bicentennial celebration.

2. Amendment to flag code requiring display of United States flag when U. N. flag is displayed.

3. Flag protection and flag on graves of war dead in Korea.

4. Urge General MacArthur's counsel on Japanese peace treaty.

(I) Atoms for peace

III. CURRENT RESOLUTIONS

Whereas a statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency has been submitted to the Senate for advice and consent to its ratification as a treaty; and Whereas, the United States has already concluded more than 40 bilateral agreements with selected countries looking to cooperation in atomic research; and Whereas the United States is expected to contribute its knowledge, materials and money to said international agency in which it is outvoted by nations, most of which are unable to contribute anything; and

Whereas by majority vote Red China can be admitted and there is nothing to prevent shipping uranium, etc., to the U. S. S. R., Red China or Soviet satellites: Resolved, That the 44th Annual Congress of the National Society of New England Women urge the Senate of the United States to refuse to give its advice and consent to the ratification of the statute of the International Atomic Energy Agency as a treaty.

(II) United Nations Emergency Force

Whereas the control of the people over their Armed Forces is one of the vital elements of sovereignty; and