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WALPOLE, SPENCER. History of England from the conclusion of the great war in 1815. London, 1880.

WAR in South America, and Attempt to bring about a Peace. Washington, 1882. WARD, R. Treatise on Relative Rights and Duties of Belligerents and Neutral Powers in Maritime Affairs. London, 1801.

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WEBSTER, D. The Works of. Boston, 1851.

Life of, by George T. Curtis. 2 vols. 1870.

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Criminal Pleading and Practice (8th ed.). Philadelphia, 1880.

The Law of Negligence (2d ed.).

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XIX

ANALYSIS.

CHAPTER I.

SOVEREIGNTY OVER LAND.

I. TERRITORIAL SOVEREIGN SUPREME, § 1.

II. DISCOVERY THE BASIS OF TITLE, § 2.

III. CONQUERED TERRITORY SUBJECT TO TEMPORARY MILITARY CONTROL, § 3.

IV. CONQUERED, ANNEXED, OR DIVIDED TERRITORY RETAINS ITS PRIOR MUNICIPAL

INSTITUTIONS, § 4.

V. BENEFITS AND BURDENS PASS TO CONQUERING OR ANNEXing sovereign, § 5.

VI. BUT SUCH COUNTRY NOT AFFECTED BY ACTS OF PRIOR SOVEREIGN AFTER CES-

SION, § 5 a.

VII. COLONIES BECOMING INDEPENDENT RETAIN THEIR BOUNDARIES AND OTHER

RIGHTS, § 6.

VIII. TITLE OF DE FACTO GOVERNMENT TO OBEDIENCE, § 7.

IX.

X.

XI.

XII.

XIII.

XIV.

LAW OF NATIONS PART OF LAW OF LAND, § 8.

MUNICIPAL LAWS NOT EXTRA-TERRITORIAL, § 9.

DISTINCTIVE RULE AS TO TAXES, § 10.

DISTINCTIONS AS TO FEDERAL CONSTITUTION, § 11.

TERRITORY AS A RULE INVIOLABLE.

(1) General principles, § 11a.

(2) Recruiting in foreign State forbidden, § 12.

(3) Permission requisite for passage of foreign troops, § 13.

(4) And so of foreign seizure of persons or property, § 14.

(5) And so of foreign jurisdiction of crime, § 15.

(6) And so of foreign sending of paupers and criminals, § 16.

EXCEPTION AS TO NECESSITY, § 17.

XV. EXCEPTION AS TO FOReign sovereIGNS, FOREIGN MINISTERS, AND FOREIGN

TROOPS, § 17a.

XVI. EXCEPTION AS TO UNCIVILIZED LANDS, § 176.

XVII.

DUTY OF SOVEREIGN TO RESTRAIN AGENCIES LIKELY TO INJURE ANOTHER

COUNTRY.

(1) Predatory Indians, § 18.

(2) Other marauders, § 19.

(3) Diversion or obstruction of water, § 20.

XVIII. WHEN HARM IS DONE BY ORDER OF FOREIGY SOVEREIGN SUCH SOVEREIGN IS

THE ACCOUNTABLE PARTY, § 21.

XIX. TERRITORIAL BOUNDARIES DETERMINED BY POLITICAL, NOT JUDICIAL ACTION,

§ 22.

CHAPTER II.

SOVEREIGNTY OVER WATER

I. HIGH SEAS: SOVEREIGNTY OVER, § 26.

II. TERRITORIAL WATERS: PRIVILEGES OF, § 27.

III. BAYS, § 28.

ΧΧΙ

IV. STRAITS, § 29.

V. RIVERS, § 30.

VI. LAKES AND INLAND SEAS, § 31.

VII. MARGINAL BELT OF SEA, § 32.

VIII. SHIP NATIONALIZED BY FLAG, § 33.

IX.

CRIMES AT SEA SUBJECT TO COUNTRY OF FLAG, § 33a.

X. PORTS OPEN TO ALL NATIONS, § 34.

XI. MERCHANT VESSELS SUBJECT TO POLICE LAW OF PORT, § 35.

XII. CRIMES ON SUCH VESSELS, HOW FAR SUBJECT TO PORT LAWS, § 35a.

XIII. NOT SO AS TO PUBLIC SHIPS, § 36.

XIV. OPPRESSIVE PORT EXACTIONS, § 37.

XV. EXEMPTIONS FROM STRESS OF WEATHER: VIS MAJOR, OR INADVERTENCE, § 38.

XVI. ARMING MERCHANT VESSELS, § 39.

(1) Relief and protection of citizens abroad, § 46.

(2) Agencies to obtain information as to pending insurrection, § 47.

(3) Sympathy with liberal political struggles, § 47a.

(4) Hospitality to political refugees, § 48.

(5) Mediation, § 49.

(6) Necessity, as where marauders can be checked only by such intervention,

§ 50.

(a) Amelia Island, § 50a.

(b) Pensacola and Florida posts, § 50b.

(c) Steamboat Caroline, § 50c.

(d) Greytown, ₫ 50d.

(e) Border raiders, § 50e.

(7) Explorations in barbarous lands (e.g. the Congo), § 51.

(8) Intercession in extreme cases of political offenders, § 52.

(9) International courts in semi-civilized or barbarous lands, § 53.

(10) Good offices for missionaries abroad, § 54.

(11) Good offices for persecuted Jews, § 55.

(12) Non-prohibition of publications or subscriptions in aid of political action

abroad, § 56.

(13) Charitable contributions abroad, 56a.

III. INTERVENTION OF EUROPEAN SOVEREIGNS IN AFFAIRS OF THIS CONTINENT DIS.

APPROVED-MONROE DOCTRINE, § 57.

IV. SPECIAL APPLICATIONS OF DOCTRINE.

V. RECOGNITION OF BELLIGERENCY, § 69.

VI. RECOGNITION OF SOVEREIGNTY, § 70.

VII. SUCH RECOGNITION DETERMINABLE BY EXECUTIVE, § 71.

VIII. ACCRETION, NOT COLONIZATION, THE POLICY OF THE UNITED STATES,

$ 72.

(Questions relative to the Isthmus of Panama are considered infra, § 287 ff.)

CHAPTER IV.

DIPLOMATIC AGENTS.

I. EXECUTIVE THE SOURCE OF DIPLOMATIC AUTHORITY, § 78.

II.

FOREIGN MINISTERS TO RECOGNIZE THE SECRETARY OF STATE AS THE

SOLE ORGAN OF THE EXECUTIVE, § 79.

III. CONTINUITY OF FOREIGN RELATIONS NOT BROKEN BY PARTY CHANGES,

§ 80.

IV. EXECUTIVE DISCRETION DETERMINES THE WITHDRAWAL OR RENEWAL

OF MISSIONS AND MINISTERS, § 81.

V. NON-ACCEPTABLE MINISTER MAY BE REFUSED, § 82.

VI. NOT USUAL TO ASK AS TO ACCEPTABILITY IN ADVANCE, § 82a.

VII.

CONDITIONS DEROGATORY TO THE ACCREDITING GOVERNMENT CANNOT BE

IMPOSED, 83.

VIII. MINISTER MISCONDUCTING HIMSELF MAY BE SENT BACK, § 81.

IX. MODE OF PRESENTATION AND TAKING LEAVE, § 85.

X.

INCUMBENT CONTINUES UNTIL ARRIVAL OF SUCCESSOR, § 86.

XI. HOW FAR DOMESTIC CHANGE OF GOVERNMENT OPERATES TO RECALL,

§ 87.

XII. DIPLOMATIC GRADES, § 88.

XIII. CITIZENS OF COUNTRY OF RECEPTION NOT ACCEPTABLE, § 88a.

XIV.

DIPLOMATIC CORRESPONDENCE CONFIDENTIAL EXCEPT BY ORDER of de-

PARTMENT, § 89.

(1) Confined to official business, § 89a.

(2) Usually in writing, § 89b.

XV. DIPLOMATIC AGENTS TO ACT UNDER INSTRUCTIONS, § 90.

XVI.

COMMUNICATIONS FROM FOREIGNERS ONLY TO BE RECEIVED THROUGH

DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIVES, § 91.

XVII. DIPLOMATIC AGENTS PROTECTED FROM PROCESS.

(1) Who are so privileged, § 92.

(2) Illegality of process against, § 93.

(3) Exemption from criminal prosecution, § 93a.

(4) What attack on a minister is an international offence, § 93b.

XVIII. AND FROM PERSONAL INDIGNITY, § 94.

XIX. AND FROM TAXES AND IMPOSTS, § 97.

XX. PROPERTY PROTECTED, § 96.

XXI FREE TRANSIT AND COMMUNICATION WITH, SECURED, § 97.

XXII. PRIVILEGED FROM TESTIFYING, § 98.

XXIII. CANNOT BECOME BUSINESS AGENTS, § 99.

XXIV. NOR REPRESENT Foreign goverNMENTS, $100.

XXV. SHOULD RESIDE AT CAPITAL, § 101.

XXVI. JOINT ACTION WITH OTHER DIPLOMATIC AGENTS UNADVISABLE, 102.

XXVII. DUTIES AS TO ARCHIVES, § 103.

XXVIII. RIGHT OF PROTECTION AND ASYLUM, 104.

XXIX. MAY EXTEND PROTECTION TO CITIZENS OF FRIENDLY COUNTRIES, § 105.

XXX. AVOIDANCE OF POLITICAL INTERFERENCE ENJOINED, § 106.