derate prices as leave no gain, but cover us from loss, has the most conciliatory and useful effect on them, and is that which will best secure their peace and good will.--The small vessels authorised by Congress, with a view to the Mediterranean service, have been sent into that sea; and will be able more effectually to confine the Tripoline cruisers within their harbours, and supersede the necessity of convoy to our commerce in that quarter. They will sensibly lessen the expenses of that service the ensuing year. A further knowledge of the ground in the north eastern, and north western angles of the United States, has evinced that the boundaries established by the treaty of peace, between the British territories and ours in those parts, were too imperfectly described to be susceptible of execution. It has therefore been thought worthy of attention, for preserving and cherishing the harmony and useful intercourse subsisting between the two nations, to remove, by timely arrangements, what unfavourable, incidents might otherwise render a ground of future misunderstanding. A convention has therefore been entered into, which provides for a practicable demarcation of those limits, to the satisfaction of both parties.--An account of the receipts and expenditures of the year ending the 30th of September last, with the estimates for the service of the ensuing year, will be laid before you by the Secretary of the Treasury, so soon as the receipts of the last quarter shall be returned from the more distant states. It is already ascertained, that the amount paid into the treasury, for that year, has been between eleven and twelve millions of dollars, and that the revenue, accrued during the same term, exceeds the sum counted on, as sufficient for our current expenses, and to extinguish the public debt, within the period heretofore proposed. The amount of debt paid for the same year, is about three millions one hundred thousand dollars, exclusive of interest, and making, with the payment of the preceding year, a discharge of more than eight millions and an half of dollars of the principal of that debt, besides the accruing interest: and there remain in the treasury nearly six millions of dollars. Of these eight hundred and eighty thousand have been reserved for payment of the first instalment due, under the British Convention of January 8, 1802, and two millions are, what have been before mentioned, as placed by Congress under the power and accountability of the President, towards the price of New Orleans and other territories acquired, which, remaining untouched, are still applicable to that object, and go in diminution of the sum to be funded for it. -Should the acquisition of Louisiana be constitutionally confirined and carried into effect a sum of nearly thirteen millions of dollars will then be added to our public debt, most of which is payable after fifteen years; before which term, the present existing debts will all be discharged, by the established operation of the sinking fund. When we contemplate the ordipary, annual, augmentation of impost from inCreasing population and wealth, the augmenta tion of the same revenue, by its extension to the new acquisition, and the economies which may still be introduced into our public expenditures, I cannot but hope that Congress, in reviewing their resources will find means to meet the intermediate interest of this additional debt, with out recurring to new taxes, and applying to this object only the ordinary progression of our reve nue. Its extraordinary increase, in times of foreign war, will be the proper and sufficient fund for any measures of safety or precaution, which that state of things may render necessary in our neutral position.--Remittances for the instalments of our foreign debt having been found practicable without loss it has not been thought expedient to use the power, given by a former act of Congress, of continuing them by reloans, and of redeeming, instead thereof, equal sums of domestic debt, although no difficulty was found in obtaining that accommodation.--The sum of fifty thousand dollars, appropriated by Congress for providing gun-boats, remains unexpended. The favourable and peaceable turn of affairs on the Mississippi, rendered an immediate execution of that law unnecessary; and time was desirable, in order that the institution of that branch of our force might begin on models the most approved by experience. The same issue of events dispensed with a resort to the appropriation of a million and an half of dollars, contemplated for purpes which were effected by happier mears. We have seen with sincere concern the flames of war lighted up again in Europe, and nations with which we have the most friendly and useful relations, engaged in mutual destruction. While we regret the miseries in which we see others involved, let us bow with gratitude to that kind Providence, which inspiring with wisdom and moderation our late legislative councils, while placed under the urgency of the greatest wrongs, guarded us from hastily entering into the sanguinary contest, and left us only to look on and to pity its ravages. These will be heaviest on those immediately engaged; yet the nations pursuing peace will not be exempt from all evil. In the course of this conflict let it be our endeavour, as it is our interest and desire, to cultivate the friendship of the belligerent nations by every act of justice and of innocent kindness; to receive their armed vessels with hospitality from the distresses of the sea, but to adininis:er the means of annoyance to none; to establish in our harbours, such a police as, may maintain law and order; to restrain our citizens from embarking individually in a war in which their country takes no part; to punish severely those persons, citizen or alien, who shall usurp the cover of our flag, for vessels not entitled to it. infecting thereby with suspicion those of real Americans and committing us into controversies for the redress of wrongs not our own; to exact from every nation the observance, towards our yessels and citizens, of those principles and practices which all civilized people acknowledge; to merit the character of a just nation, and maintain that of an independent one. preferring every consequence to insult and habitual wrong. Congress will consider whether the existing laws enable us efficaciously to maintain this course with our citizens in all places, and with others while within the limits of our jurisdiction; and will give them the new modificatious necessary for these objects. Some contraventions of right have already taken place, both within our jurisdictional limits, and on the high seas. -The friendly disposition of the govern ments from whose agents they have proceeded, as well as their wisdom and regard for justice, leave us in reasonable expectation, that they will be rectified and prevented in future; and that no act will be countenanced by them which threatens to disturb our friendly intercourse. Separated by a wide ocean from the nations of Europe, and from the political interests which entangle them together, with productions and wants which render our commerce and friendship useful to them, and theirs to us, it cannot be the interest of any to assail us, nor ours to disturb them. We should be most unwise indeed were we to cast away the singular blessings of the position in which nature has placed us, the opportunity she has endowed us with of pursuing, at a distance from foreign contentions, the paths of industry, peace, and happiness, of cultivating general friendship, and of bringing collisions of interest to the umpirage of reason, rather than of force. How desirable then must it be, in a government like ours, to see its citizens adopt individually the views, the interests, and the conduct which their country should pursue, divesting themselves of those passions and partialities which tend to lessen useful friendships, and to embarrass and embroil us in the calamitous scene of Europe. Confident, fellow citizens, that you will duly estimate the importance of neutral d spositions towards the ob.ervance of neutral conduct, that you will be sensible how much it is our duty to look on the bloody Arena spread before us, with commiseration indeed, but with no other wish than to see it closed, I am persuaded you will cordially cherish these dispositions, in all discussions among yourselves, and in all communications with your constituents. And I anticipate with satisfaction the measures of wisdom, which the great interests now committed to you, will give you an opportunity of providing and myself that of approving, and of carrying into execution, with the fidelity I owe to my country. THO. JEFFERSON. October 17, 1803. INTELLIGENCE. FOREIGN. The Arabian rebels have been driven from Mecca and Medina; and, from the weakness of their numbers, will be obliged to retire from the province of Hedjah, to procure re-inforcements.--Alexandria is still in the hands of the Turks, but is closely besieged by the Beys. Proposals, however, have been made by the Porte, to restore to the Beys the same pri vileges which they formerly possessed, upon condition of their submitting peaceably to his authority.- New disturbances have broken out in Albania, and the insurgents are aided by the neighbouring Monteregrines.- A strong Turkish army has been marched for the Morea, and the Captain Pacha, with twelve ships, has been dispatched to assist their operations.--The Emperor of Russia has issued an ukase, directing that two peasants out of every five hun dred shall be inlisted into the army; by which means it will receive an addition of about forty thousand men.-Count Marcoff, the Russian Ambassador at the Consular court, has delivered his letters of recall; and, on his return to St. Petersburgh, is to be invested with the blue ribbon.-- From various accounts, it appears that the Emperor Alexander is preparing for the unfavourable termination of some important negotiations which are said to exist between the courts of Petersburgh and Paris.It is asserted, in the Hamburgh papers, that the Emperor of Germany and the King of Prussia are now interesting themselves in promoting the preliminary measures of a general pacification of Europe.--The Batavian govern ment has found such difficulty in collecting the extraordinary contribution of two per cent. on all property, that the legislative body have been obliged to decree that those who do not pay their respective proportions according to the manner described by law, shall be proceeded against by personal arrest, sequestration of property, or such other manner as the government may direct.—— In order to favour the trade of neutral bottoms under the Swedish flag, during the war; the legislative body have suspended until eighteen months after a peace with Great-Britain, the ordinance of the StatesGeneral which forbids the subjects of Sweden to import into that republic, in their own, or other ships freighted on their account, any merchandize but the produce of Sweden or its colonies.--Relative to the compulsory means which were threatened to be employed for raising money to support the French troops in Hanover, his Britannic Majesty, as Elector,, has declared that none of his Hanoverian ministers of state have authority, without his express command, to raise money, or to give security for it. Letters from the Escurial, published in the Correspondenten, state that, on the 30th of October, a convention for securing the neutrality of Spain was concluded between that kingdom and France.—An extraordinary session of the American Congress has been begun at the City of Wash ington; and, a bill for altering the mode of balloting for president and vice president, and a bill for carrying the treaty lately concluded with France into execution, have passed the House of Representatives; the treaty, and the conventions with France have received the approbation of the Senate; and a bill authorising the president to employ the army and navy, and eighty thousand militia for taking possession of Louisiana, and vesting the temporary government of the country in his hands, has also passed that body. DOMESTIC.--Accounts lately received from Jamaica state that many of the negroes in that island had formed a conspiracy against their masters. Kingston was to have been burnt on the night of the 9th of October, and the inhabitants massacred: the plot was, however, discovered, and the fire extinguished in a short time after it had been kindled. Several of the negroes who were concerned in the transaction have been taken and executed.--A morning paper of the 9th instant says, that the judges have decided on the case of Astlett. Nine of their Lordships were of opinion, that, though the Exchequer Bills purloined by him, were not property, on which a criminal conviction could be founded, he was guilty of stealing_paper valued 39s. the property of the Bank; and three were of opinion that his offence was not cognizable by the statutes.The Gazette of the 19th of November, contains the appointment of the Right Honourable Henry Addington, George Thynne, Esq. (commonly called Lord George Thynne) Nathaniel Bond, William Brodrick, and Edward Golding, E-qrs. to be Commissioners for executing the office of Treasurer of his Majesty's Exchequer.On the 26th, the Right Hon. Thomas Mait-, land, and the Right Hon. Nathaniel Bond, were, by his Majesty's command, sworn of his Majesty's most honourable Privy Council, and took their places at the board ac cordingly.The King has been pleased to grant the dignity of a Baronet of the United Kingdom to Brook Watson, Esq. Commissary General to his Majesty's forces in Great Britain, and his heirs, with remainders to William Kay, Esq. Deputy Commissary General, (great nephew of Brook Watson, Esq.) and to Brook Kay, his brother.--The King has been pleased to grant the office of Treasurer and Receiver General of the Royal Hospital of Greenwich, to Captain William Henry Jarvis, of the Royal Navy, in the room of the late Admiral Payne--The King has also been pleased to grant permis sion unto Major Gen. John Stuart, to receive and wear the Ottoman Imperial Order of the Crescent, conferred on him by the Grand Signior.His Royal Highness the Prince of Wales has appointed Thomas Tyrwhitt, Esq.: to be Lord Warden of the Stannaries and Admiral of the Duchy ports and harbours in Cornwall and Devon. He has, also, appointed John M Mahon, Esq. to be Secretary and Keeper of his privy seal and council seal, and Auditor of the Duchy of Cornwall. The Gazette of the 8th inst. contains an order of council, dated on the 7th, granting permission to his Majesty's subjects to trade with the colony of Berbice, in the same manner as with the other colonies. It, also, contains an order of council, prolonging the bounties, promised to seamen, landmen, &c. by the proclamations of the 17th of March and 16th of May last, to the 31st of December.— The Minister had great difficulty in obtaining the attendance of a sufficient number of the members of the House of Commons, to go up to his Majesty with the Address on the 24th of November. The Speaker attended at the usual time, and waited more than an hour and a half, with the hope that members enough to form a house would attend in their places. Scarcely any person, however, came, and Mr. Vansittart and Mr. Hobhouse were dispatched in search of members: the lounging-rooms, the coffeehouses, the streets, and even the levee, were stripped; and, at length, with great difficulty they mustered twenty-seven members, who attended the Speaker to the Court. His Majesty had appointed to receive them at three o'clock, but they did not appear until half past four.--In the House of Commons, on the 28th of November, Mr. Vansittart, in reply to a question from Mr. Alderman Combe," whether the property tax act was to be revised this session?" said, that it was not the intention of Government to bring in any bill on the subject, as they were desirous of giving it a fair trial in its present shape; and that any defects which were found in its operation might then be remedied. The estimates for one hundred thousand seamen were voted by the House on the 30th. On the 2d instant the Chancellor of the Exchequer moved an additional issue of five millions of exchequer bills, and the annual vote of the malt tax and the sums given in lieu of the land tax. On the same evening, some interesting conversation took place on the affairs of Ireland. The bill for continuing the suspension of the issue of cash from the Bank, passed through the committee on the 3d; it is to continue in force for six Small detachments of boats are daily entermonths after the ratification of the prelimi-ing Boulogne, which is the grand rendeznary articles of peace. On the 5th and 6th two very important debates took place on the bill for the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act in Ireland. On the 9th the army estimates were moved by the Secretary of War, and a very long and interesting debate took place. The ministerial plan of defence was objected to, generally, by Messrs. Windham, Grenville, Fox, and several other members; and with respect to the volunteer system, Mr. Fox declared his entire coincidence with all the opinions which Mr. Windham had expressed. vous of the flotilla to be employed in the invasion of England, The marine preparations, in the other ports of France, go on as usual.-A French ship of war and frigate lately got out of Brest, and were pursued by a part of Lord Cornwallis's squadron; but, after a very long chase, they escaped.-Orders have been issued, by the Spanish government, for fitting out ships at Cadiz, Ferrol, and several other ports; the whole are to be under the direction of Admiral Gravina.-The Baltic fleet, consisting of about 300 sail of merchantmen, bound for the different ports of Great-Britain, afer having been, in some degree, dispersed by the late storms, has arrived safely.-Dispatches have been received from Admiral Duckworth, in the West-Indies, announ MILITARY.The military preparations in the different parts of the Batavian Republic are said to have been of late, in some measure relaxed; and the Hamburgh papers assert, that a great portion of the French troops stationed on the coast are sick-cing the capture of the French garrisons of ly, and that many of these are in the hospitals. Gen. Victor, who commands them, had fixed his head quarters at Utrecht, but has lately removed them to the Hague.-The military preparations at St. Omers, Boulogne, and the neighbouring places, remain nearly in the state in which they were, previous to the visit of the First Consul. Respecting those on the other parts of the coast, except at Bayonne, the late papers are silent. At Bayonne, however, they say that twentyfive thousand men are assembled, under the command of General Augereau.-The French troops in Italy are marching from the interior, towards the Adriatic; and a considerable number of Italian troops, it is said, are to be marched into France, and are to join the invading army on the coast.Orders have been issued from the HorseGuards, stating his Majesty's command, that, in case the enemy should land, all officers, below the rank of general officers, who do not belong to any particular regiment, shall report themselves in person to the officer of the district in which they reside. His Royal Highness, the commander in chief, has, at the same time, requested, that all general officers, not employed on the staff, will transmit their names to the adjutant-general. NAVAL. Some of the gun-boats and flat-bottomed boats of Boulogne, which had gone out to manœuvre, during the visit of the First Consul at that place, were driven upon the rocks by a storm, which came on suddenly, and were lost; some others got into Calais; but the greatest part returned to the harbour, with very little injury. Cape Nicola Mole and Port Dauphin, in St. Domingo. Cape Nicola Mole surrendered on the 4th of September. The garrison, consisting of eight hundred and fifty men, were made prisoners of war; and a corvette, transport, and schooner, which were found in the harbour, were taken possession of. Port Dauphin surrendered on the 7th. The garrison and great numbers of the inhabijants were sent to Cape François, on board a flag of truce. The French frigate La Sagesse of thirty-two guns, was found in the harbour. The soldiers and the colonists, in both places, were reduced to the most deplorable condition, by the perpetoal attacks of the Negroes: at Cape Nicola Mole the garrison had, for some time, lived upon horse-flesh. Two French schooners, laden with flour, were captured by one of the ships of Admiral Duckworth's squadron, at about the same time. -On the 2d of October, Captain Wood in the Augusta, off Ushant, fell in with and captured, after a chace of forty-five hours, the French privateer l'Aventure, of twenty guns and a hundred and forty-four men, Two of the Jamaica convoy, which had been captured by the l'Aventure, were retaken at the same time. On the 9th of October, Captain Merefield, in the sloop Atalante, cruising off Quiberon Bay, discovered two French ketches and a brig, running under point St. Gildas; he immediately attacked them, and succeeded in driving them on shore; where, notwithstanding a constant fire of musquetry and artillery, from some troops on the land, they were destroyed. Printed by Cox and Baylis, No. 75, Great Queen Street, and published by R. Bagshaw, Bow Street, Covent Garden, where former Numbers may be had; sold also by J. Budd, Crown and Mitro, Pall-Mall. VOL. IV. No. 25.] London, Saturday, 24th December, 1803, [Price 10D "Much as I approve of the Volunteer System, I must confess, that, rather than have Corps with their "Committees, I would not have the Corps at all; for, if these Committees are suffered to exist, I "have no hesitation to say, that the Monarchy is not safe for six months.”ney, December 16, 1803. $97] AN ANALYTICAL AND COMPARATIVE VIEW, (Continued from. p. 848.) II. The promise said to have been made by Mr. Pitt and Lord Grenville, to give to Mr. Aldington their constant, active, and zealous support. -Speech of Lord Rom [898 stated; but, before we hear him, it seems necessary to make an observation or two on the self contradiction of the statement of the Near Observer. In order to excite our admiration, or rather, to induce us to believe, that the people were struck with admiration, "of the courage and self devotedness, with "which the new ministers had succeeded "to the posts of danger," he had before drawn a most woeful and disheartening picture of the state of the country in February, 1801, and, amongst all the other alarming On this point, the Near Observer states: "that the country felt all the hazard and difficulty of their [the new minister's situation]; and the courage and self devoted-circumstances, which he could find, or inness, with which they had succeeded to "the posts of danger, were the topics of ad"miration and applause.-But, in obeying "the commands of their Sovereign, they "had felt and were deeply penetrated with, "the impossibility of serving him and their " country, in the great necessity of the "time, if that vast mass of talents, informa“tion, and influence, over which Mr. Pitt " and Lord Grenville presided, were not only suddenly withdrawn from the support of his Majesty's government, but "converted into an opposing, or even a neu"tral force. Whatever may be the difficulty and the delicacy, (for they are extreme) of the point I am treating, I think it indispensable to speak with courage and "with perspicuity; and I challenge the il"lustrious persons I have just named to "controvert the fact or the spirit of a state ment, which it is important to the present, and to the future ages, to place beyond controversy and dispute. I mest " take upon me, therefore, to aver, that his Majesty's most gracious offer of his con"dence to Mr. Addington, could not have "been, and was not definitively accepted, un"til a solemn authentic pledge of honour had "been given by the late ministers, for their constant, active, and zealous support.' I "do assert that Mr. Pitt and Lord Grenville "did sacredly and solemnly enter into this exact engagement, and in this precise "form of words. You think with Hamlet, "she promises too much! Oh! but she'll "keep her word!" The Accurate Observer, that is to say, the advocate of Mr. Pitt, denies the facts here vent, he had added, that of the King's indis- and "the It will, hereafter, be seen, that this notion of a pledge, given on the part of Mr. Pitt and Lord Grenville, appears to have been invented by the Near Observer, for the purpose of rendering odious their parliamentary conduct, subsequent to the time when |