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proceed on her voyage; and should any of the said subjects of Tripoli insult or molest the commander, or any other person on board a vessel so visited, or plunder any of the property contained in her, on complaint being made by the Consul of the United States of America resident at Tripoli, and on his producing sufficient proof to substantiate the fact, the commander or rais of said Tripoline ship or vessel of war, as well as the offenders, shall be punished in the most exemplary manner. All vessels of war belonging to the United States of America, on meeting with a cruizer belonging to the Regency of Tripoli, on having seen her passport and certificate from the Consul of the United States of America residing in the Regency, shall permit her to proceed on her cruize unmolested, and without detention. No passport shall be granted by either party to any vessels, but such as are absolutely the property of citizens or subjects of said contracting parties, on any pretence whatever.

ARTICLE VII.

A citizen or subject of either of the contracting parties, having bought a prize-vessel, condemned by the other party, or by any other nation, the certificate of condemnation and bill of sale shall be a sufficient passport for such vessel for two years, which, considering the distance between the two countries, is no more than a reasonable time for her to procure proper passports.

ARTICLE VIII.

Vessels of either party, putting into the ports of the other, and having need of provisions or other supplies, they shall be furnished at the market price, and if any such vessel should so put in, from a disaster at sea, and have occasion to repair, she shall be at liberty to land and reimbark her cargo without paying any duties; but in no case shall she be compelled to land her cargo.

ARTICLE IX.

Should a vessel of either party be cast on the shore of the other, all proper assistance shall be given to her and her crew. No pillage shall be allowed, the property shall remain at the disposition of the owners, and the crew protected and succoured, till they can be sent to their country.

ARTICLE X.

If a vessel of either party shall be attacked by an enemy within gunshot of the forts of the other, she shall be defended as much as possible. If she be in port, she shall not be seized or attacked when it is in the power of the other party to protect her; and when she proceeds to sea, no enemy shall be allowed to pursue her from the same port within twenty-four hours after her departure.

ARTICLE XI.

The commerce between the United States of America and the Regency of Tripoli; the protections to be given to merchants, masters

of vessels, and seamen; the reciprocal right of establishing Consuls in each country, and the privileges, immunities, and jurisdictions to be enjoyed by such Consuls, are declared to be on the same footing with those of the most favoured nations, respectively.

ARTICLE XII.

The Consul of the United States of America shall not be answerable for debts contracted by citizens of his own nation, unless he previously gives a written obligation so to do.

ARTICLE XIII.

On a vessel of war belonging to the United States of America, anchoring before the city of Tripoli, the Consul is to inform the Bashaw of her arrival, and she shall be saluted with twenty-one guns, which she is to return in the same quantity or number.

ARTICLE XIV.

As the Government of the United States of America has in itself no character of enmity against the laws, religion, or tranquility of Musselmen, and as the said States never have entered into any voluntary war or act of hostility against any Mahometan nation, except in the defence of their just rights to freely navigate the high seas, it is declared by the contracting parties, that no pretext arising from religious opinions shall ever produce an interruption of the harmony existing between the two nations. And the Consuls and Agents of both nations respectively, shall have liberty to exercise his religion in his own house. All slaves of the same religion shall not be impeded in going to said Consul's house at hours of prayer. The Consuls shall have liberty and personal security given them to travel within the territories of each other both by land and sea, and shall not be prevented from going on board any vessel that they may think proper to visit. They shall have likewise the liberty to appoint their own drogaman and brokers.

ARTICLE XV.

In case of any dispute arising, from the violation of any of the articles of this treaty, no appeal shall be made to arms; nor shall war be declared on any pretext whatever; but if the Consul residing at the place where the dispute shall happen shall not be able to settle the same, the Government of that country shall state their grievances in writing, and transmit it to the Government of the other; and the period of twelve callendar months shall be allowed for answers to be returned, during which time no act of hostility shall be permitted by either party; and in case the grievances are not redressed, and war should be the event, the Consuls and citizens or subjects of both parties, reciprocally, shall be permitted to embark with their effects unmolested on board of what vessel or vessels they shall think proper.

ARTICLE XVI.

If, in the fluctuation of human events, a war should break out between the two nations, the prisoners captured by either party shall

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not be made slaves, but shall be exchanged rank for rank. And if there should be a deficiency on either side, it shall be made up by the payment of five hundred Spanish dollars for each captain, three hundred dollars for each mate and supercargo, and one hundred Spanish dollars for each seaman so wanting. And it is agreed that prisoners shall be exchanged in twelve months from the time of their capture; and that this exchange may be effected by any private individual legally authorized by either of the parties.

ARTICLE XVII.

If any of the Barbary States, or other Powers, at war with the United States of America, shall capture any American vessel, and send her into any of the ports of the Regency of Tripoli, they shall not be permitted to sell her, but shall be obliged to depart the port, on procuring the requisite supplies of provisions; and no duties shall be exacted on the sale of prizes, captured by vessels sailing under the flag of the United States of America, when brought into any port in the Regency of Tripoli.

ARTICLE XVIII.

If any of the citizens of the United States, or any persons under their protection, shall have any dispute with each other, the Consul shall decide between the parties, and whenever the Consul shall require any aid or assistance from the Government of Tripoli to enforce his decisions, it shall immediately be granted to him, and if any dispute shall arise between any citizen of the United States and the citizens or subjects of any other nation having a Consul or Agent at Tripoli; such dispute shall be settled by the Consuls or Agents of the respective nations.

ARTICLE XIX.

If a citizen of the United States should kill or wound a Tripoline, or, on the contrary, if a Tripoline shall kill or wound a citizen of the United States, the law of the country shall take place, and equal justice shall be rendered, the Consul assisting at the trial; and if any delinquent shall make his escape, the Consul shall not be answerable for him in any manner whatever.

ARTICLE XX.

Should any citizen of the United States of America die within the limits of the Regency of Tripoli, the Bashaw and his subjects shall not interfere with the property of the deceased, but it shall be under the immediate direction of the Consul, unless otherwise disposed of by will. Should there be no Consul, the effects shall be deposited in the hands of some person worthy of trust, until the party shall appear who has a right to demand them, when they shall render an account of the property. Neither shall the Bashaw or his subjects give hindrance in the execution of any will that may appear.

Whereas the undersigned, Tobias Lear, Consul General of the United States of America, for the Regency of Algiers, being duly appointed Commissioner, by letters patent under the signature of the President and seal of the United States of America, bearing date at the city of Washington, the 18th day of November, 1803, for negociating and concluding a treaty of peace between the United States of America, and the Bashaw, Bey, and subjects of the Regency of Tripoli in Barbary.

Now know ye, that I, Tobias Lear, Commissioner as aforesaid, do conclude the foregoing treaty, and every article and clause therein contained, reserving the same, nevertheless, for the final ratification of the President of the United States of America, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate of the said United States.

Done at Tripoli, in Barbary the fourth day of June, in the year one thousand eight hundred and five, corresponding with the sixth day of the first month of Rabbia, 1220.

TOBIAS LEAR.

Having appeared in our presence, Colonel Tobias Lear, ConsulGeneral of the United States of America, in the Regency of Algiers, and Commisisoner for negociating and concluding a treaty of peace and friendship between us and the United States of America, bringing with him the present treaty of peace, with the within articles, they were by us minutely examined, and we do hereby accept, confirm, and ratify them, ordering all our subjects to fulfill entirely their contents without any violation, and under no pretext.

In witness whereof we, with the heads of our Regency, subscribe it. Given at Tripoli, in Barbary, the sixth day of the first month of Rabbia, 1220, corresponding with the fourth day of June, 1805.

[SEAL.]

SEAL.

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SEAL.

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SEAL.

SEAL.

JUSUF CARAMANLY, Bashaw.
MOHAMET CARABNANLY, Bey.
MOHAMET, Kahia.

HAMET, Rais de Marine.

MOHAMET, DGHIES, First Minister.

SALAH, Aga of Divan.
SELIM, Hasnadar.
MURAT, Dulartile.
MURAT RAIS, Admiral.
SOLIMAN, Kehia.
ABDALLA, Basa Aga.

MOHAMET, Scheig al Belad.
ALLI BEN DIAB, First Secretary.

TUNIS.

1797..

TREATY OF AMITY, COMMERCE, AND NAVIGATION.

Concluded August 1797; ratification advised by the Senate, with amendments, March 6, 1798; alterations concluded March 26, 1799; ratification again advised by the Senate December 24, 1799.

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Under the auspices of the greatest, the most powerful of all the Princes of the Ottoman nation who reign upon the earth, our most glorious and most august Emperor, who commands the two lands and the two seas, Selim Kan, the victorious son of the Sultan Moustafa, whose realm may God prosper until the end of ages, the support of Kings, the Seal of Justice, the Emperor of Emperors.

The Most Illustrious and Most Magnificent Prince, Hamouda Pacha, Bey, who commands the Odgiak of Tunis, the abode of happiness, and the Most Honored Ibrahim Dey, and Soliman, Aga of the Janissaries, the Chief of the Divan, and all the Elders of the Odgiak; and the Most Distinguished and Honored President of the Congress of the United States of America, the most distinguished among those who profess the religion of the Messiah, of whom may the end be happy.

We have concluded between us the present treaty of peace and friendship, all the articles of which have been framed by the intervention of Joseph Stephen Famin, French merchant residing at Tunis, Chargé d'Affaires of the United States of America, which stipulations and conditions are comprised in twenty-three articles, written and expressed in such manner as to leave no doubt of their contents, and in such way as not to be contravened.

Treaties with Tunis superseded by treaty between United States and France of May 9, 1904.

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