Guarantee of the perfect neutrality of the isthby the U. States. mus of Panama This treaty to hemain in force 20 fications, on with Colombia to cease. of the United thus passing from one sea to the other, in either direction, for the purpose of exportation to any other foreign country, shall not be liable to any import duties whatever; or, having paid such duties, they shall be entitled to drawback upon their exportation; nor shall the citizens of the United States be liable to any duties, tolls, or charges of any kind to which native citizens are not subjected for thus passing the said isthmus. And, in order to secure to themselves the tranquil and constant enjoyment of these advantages, and as an especial compensation for the said advantages, and for the favors they have acquired by the 4th, 5th, and 6th articles of this treaty, the United States guaranty positively and efficaciously to New Granada, by the present stipulation, the perfect neutrality of the beforementioned isthmus, with the view that the free transit from the one to the other sea may not be interrupted or embarrassed in any future time while this treaty exists; and in consequence the United States also guaranty, in the same manner, the rights of sovereignty and property which New Granada has and possesses over the said territory. 2d. The present treaty shall years from date of remain in full force and vigor exchange of rati- for the term of twenty years which day treaty from the day of the exchange of the ratifications; and from the same day the treaty that was concluded between the United States and Colombia, on the 3d of October, 1824, shall cease to have effect, not cion de un mar al otro, con el objeto de esportarse á cualquier otro pais estran jero, no estarán sujetas á derecho alguno de importacion:isilo hubieren pagado deberá reembolzarse al verificarse la esportacion; i que los ciudadanos de los Estados Unidos, al pasar asi por el dicho istmo, no estarán sujetos á otros derechos, peajes, ó impuestos, de cualquier clase, sino aquellos á que estuvieren sujetos los ciudadanos naturales. Para seguridad del goze tranquilo i constante de estas pentajas, i en especial compensacion de ellas i de los favores adquiridos segun los articulos 4°, 5°, i 60 de este tratado, los Estados Unidos garantizan positiva i eficaz mente a la Nueva Granada, por la presente estipulacion, la perfecta neutralidad del ya mencionado istmo, con la mira de que en ningun tiempo, existendo este tratado, sea interrumpido ni embarazado èl libre transito de uno á otro mar; i por consiguiente garantizan de la misma manera los derechos de soberania i propiedad que la Nueva Granada tiene i posee sobre dicho territorio. 2o. El presente tratado per manecerá en plena fuerza i vigor por el termino de veinte años, contados desde el dia del canje de las ratificaciones; i desde el mismo dia cesará de tener efecto el tratado concluido entre Colombia i los Estados Unidos el 3 de Octubre de 1824, no obstante lo 5th. If unfortunately any of the articles contained in this treaty should be violated, or infringed in any way what ever, it is expressly stipulated that neither of the two con tracting parties shall ordain or authorize any acts of reprisal, nor shall declare war against the other, on complaints of injuries or damages, until the said party, considering itself offended, shall have laid before the other a state ment of such injuries or damages, verified by competent proofs, demanding justice and satisfaction, and the same shall have been denied, in violation dispuesto en el primer punto de su articulo 31. If no notice should be given, beyond the months after no be 3°. Sin embargo de lo antedicho, si doce meses antes de this treaty to con espirar el termino de veinte tinue as binding años estipulados arriba, nin- years until 12 guna de las partes contrantes tice shall notificare a la otra su inten- given. cion de reformar alguno ó todos los articulos de este tratado, continuará siendo obligatorio dicho tratado para ambas partes mas allá de los citados veinte años, hasta doce meses despues de que una de las partes notifique su intencion de proceder à la reforma. 4°. Si alguno ú algunos de los ciudadanos de una u otra parte infrinjieren alguno de los articulos contenidos en el presente tratado, dichos ciudadanos serán por ello personalmente responsables, i no se interrumpira en su consecuencia la armonia i buena correspondencia entre las dos naciones, comprometiendose cada una á no protejer de modo alguno al ofensor, ni à sancionar semejante violacion. 5°. Si desgraciadamente algunos de los articulos contenidos en el presente tratado fuesen en alguna otra manera violados ó infrinjidos, se estipula espresamente que ninguna de las dos partes contratantes ordenará ó autorizará actos, algunos de represalia, ni declarará la guerra contra la otra por queja de injurias ó perjuicios hasta que la parte que se considere ofendida haya previamente presentado à la otra una esposicion de dichos perjuicios ó injurias, apoyada con pruebas compe tentes, exijiendo justicia i satisfaccion, i esto haya sido ne Citizens personally responsible for infringing any treaty, articles of this Reprisals not to be authorized nor war declared until justice has and refused. been demanded Any advantages party to be consi pensation of the tracted. of the laws and of international gado con violacion de las 6th. Any special or remarkenjoyed by either able advantage that one or the dered as a com- other power may enjoy, from obligations con- the foregoing stipulations, are, and ought to be, always understood in virtue and as in compensation of the obligations they have just contracted, and which have been specified in the first number of this article. ventaja 6o. Cualquiera especial i senalada que la una ó la otra potencia reporte de las estipulaciones anteriores, es i debe entenderse siempre en virtud i como compensa. cion de las obligaciones que acaban de contraer i quedan especificadas en el numero primero de este articulo. ARTICULO XXXVI El presente tratado de paz, amistad, comercio i navegacion, será aprobado i ratificado por el Presidente de la repúb lica de la Nueva Granada con acuerdo i consentimiento del Congreso de la misma; i por el Presidente de los EstadosUnidos de America con acuer do i consentimiento del senado de los mismos: i las ratificaciones serán canjeadas en la ciudad de Washington dentro de diez i ocho meses contados desde el dia de la firma, ó antes si fuere posible. En fé de lo cual, nosotros, los plenipotenciarios de la re pública de la Nueva Granada de los Estados Unidos de America, hemos firmado i sallado las presentes en la ciudad de Bogotá el dia doce de Di ciembre, en el año de Nuestro Señor mil ochocientos cua. renta i seis. [SEAL.] M. M. MALLARINO. [SEAL. B. A. BIDLACK. ARTICULO ADITIONAL. Las repúblicas de la Nueva Granada y de los Estados Unidos tendrán y admitirán como buques nacionales de those that shall be provided by the respective governments with a patent issued according to its laws. The present additional article shall have the same force and validity as if it were inserted, word for word, in the treaty signed this day. It shall be ratified, and the ratifications shall be exchanged at the same time. In witness whereof, the respective plenipotentiaries have signed the same, and have affixed thereto their seals. Done in the city of Bogota, the twelfth day of December, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-six. (SEAL B. A. BIDLACK. una ú otra, todos aquellos Additional article to have the inserted in the treaty. El presente articulo adicional tendrá la misma fuerza same force as it y validez que si se hubiera insertado, palabra por palabra, en el tratado firmado hoy, será ratificado, y las ratificaciones serán canjeadas en el mismo tiempo. En testimonio de lo cual, los respectivos plenipotenciarios lo han firmado y sellado con sus sellos. Dado en la ciudad de Bo- [SEAL.] M. M. MALLARINO. Signed 12th De cember, 1846. Ratifications ex And whereas the said treaty and additional article have been duly ratified on both parts, and the respective ratifications of changed the same were exchanged at Washington, on the tenth day of June, 1949. June, one thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, by James Buchanan, Secretary of State of the United States of America, and General Pedro Alcantara Herran, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the republic of New Granada, on the part of their respective governments: wth. Proclaimed by Now, therefore, be it known that I, JAMES K. POLK, President of the United States of America, have caused the the President of said treaty and additional article to be made public, to the end that the same may be observed and fulfilled with good faith by the United States and the citizens thereof. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed. Done at the city of Washington, this twelfth day of June, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, and in the seventy-second year of the Independence of the United States, JAMES K. POLK, [L. s.] By the President: JAMES BUCHANAN, Secretary of State. the U. S. 12th. June, 1848. TREATY OF PEACE, FRIENDSHIP, LIMITS, AND SETTLEMENT CONCLUDED FEBRUARY 2, 1848. Treaty Mexico with cluded 24 Feb. ruary, 1948. Preamble. Negotiators. BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. A PROCLAMATION. Whereas a treaty of peace, friendship, limits, and settle. con- ment, between the United States of America and the Mexican republic, was concluded and signed at the city of Guadalupe Hidalgo on the second day of February, one thousand eight hundred and forty-eight, which treaty, as amended by the Senate of the United States, and being in the English and Spanish languages, is word for word as follows: In the name of Almighty God: The United States of America and the United Mexican States, animated by a sincere desire to put an end to the ca lamities of the war which unhappily exists between the two republics, and to establish upon a solid basis relations of peace and friendship, which shall confer reciprocal benefits upon the citizens of both, and assure the concord, harmony, and mutual confidence wherein the two people should live, as good neighbors, have for that purpose appointed their respective plenipotentiariesthat is to say, the President of the United States has appoint. ed Nicholas P. Trist, a citizen of the United States, and the President of the Mexican republic has appointed Don Luis Gonzaga Cuevas, Don Bernardo Couto, and Don Miguel Atristain, citizens of the said republic, who, after a recipro. En el nombre de Dios TodoPoderoso: Los Estados Unidos Mexicanos y los Estados Unidos de América, animados de un sincero deseo de poner término á las calamidades de la guerra que desgraciadamente existe entre ambas repúblicas, y de establecer sobre báses sólidas relaciones de paz y buena amistad, que procuren recípro cas ventajas á los ciudadanos de uno y otro pais, y afianzen la concordia, armonia y mútua seguridad en que deben vivir, como buenos vecinos, los dos pueblos han nombrado á este efecto sus respectivos plenipotenciarios; á saber, el Presidente de la república Mexicana á Don Bernardo Couto, Don Miguel Atristain, y Don Luis Gonzaga Cuevas, ciudadanos de la misma república; y el Presidente de los Estados Unidos de América á Don Nicolas P. Trist, ciudadano de dichos Estados; quienes despues de |