to all these subjects have been carefully examined and quoted. There is a chapter on partnership, which has been for the most part rewritten, and brought into accord with the law as it exists at the present day. The relations between the proprietors and occupiers of collieries and the workmen employed by them have been defined and explained as accurately as such relations admit of definition and explanation, and all questions commonly raised between them as to stoppage of work, misconduct, &c., have been fully considered. The responsibility of employers for negligence under the Employers' Liability Act has been discussed and illustrated by all the most valuable judgments that have appeared in the Reports since the passing of the Act; which, on account of its importance, is set out verbatim. The law and practice of rating collieries has required much attention. The chapter on rating has been substantially rewritten, and is, it is believed, the fullest treatise on this peculiar branch of assessments that is to be found in any book. The Editors have had the advantage of having this chapter perused and considered by Mr. Hedley, of Sunderland, who has had a large experience in valuing and rating mineral property and works. He favoured them with advice and suggestions for which they are much indebted to him. The chapter on rating is followed by others on injuries to the surface caused by coal-mining, and the right to support; on inundations and barriers; working out of bounds, truck, and the inspection of coalmines under the Act of 1872, which important statute is set out at length, with notes of such cases as have been decided upon its sections, and references to various Home Secretaries' circulars, etc. The method generally pursued has been to select the leading cases illustrating the matters under consideration, and to quote verbatim the whole or parts of the judgments. This plan has been adopted, because it will generally be found that the spirit and meaning of any rule of law is more easily apprehended and ascertained by reading the whole or part of one or two luminous judgments than by the perusal of various short summaries of many decisions. In the Appendix are inserted several forms of leases, and a collection of clauses and covenants, which may be used according to circumstances. A copious index will facilitate reference to all the information in the text. CONTENTS. The Nature of Property in Coal-Severance of the Owner- ship of the Surface from that of subjacent Minerals- Right to Minerals in Copyhold Lands-Customary and Prescriptive Rights of Tenants as to Coal-Enfranchise- ment of Copyholds-Right to Minerals in Commons- Manorial Rights-Evidence of a Manor-Right to work PAGE Leases of Mineral Property-What is a Lease-Words of 23 Covenants to work the Coal-Cases decided thereon- Covenant to leave a Barrier: to keep in repair-Winning by Instroke-What Covenants run with the Land- Means of putting an end to a Lease-Surrender- Merger-Notice to Quit-Equitable Relief-Specific Title by Prescription; Definition of this kind of Title- Distinction between Custom and Prescription-Meaning Fixtures-Meaning of the Term-Between the Heir and Executor of the same Owner of the Inheritance: be- tween the Tenant for Life, &c., and the Remainder- Man or Reversioner: between Landlord and Tenant- Leading Cases on each-Fixtures must be severed during the Term-When they pass to the Trustee of a Bankrupt as between Vendor and Vendee, Mortgagor and Mortgagee-Where there are special Stipulations |