Electoral vote transferred to, 387-
388.

French relations with, 398, 457.
Hardenberg's scheme opposed by,
459.

North Germany

-

Napoleon's relations with, 457.
- isolation from,
479-480; military treaty with,
480-481.

Privileges of, modern, 483, 484.
Reform Union supported by, 469.
Representation of, on Federal
Council, 487.

Rheinbund joined by, 414.
Belisarius, 288 note.

Belleisle, Marshal, 399, 403.
Benedict VIII, Pope, 196-197 and
note h

Benedict XII, Pope, 225, 296.

Benedict of Soracte, cited, 51 note.
Benevento-

Annals of, cited, 149.

Duchy of, founded by Lombards,
37.

Berengar of Friuli, Emp., 83 and
note, 84, 539.

Berengar II, King of Italy, 84, 133.
Berlin

Revolution of 1848, 465, 466 note.
University of, 499.

Bernard of Clairvaux, St. 175, 292
note, 351, 509, 520.

Bismarck, Prince, military policy of,
471-472; Schleswig-Holstein
question, 473-474; conciliatory
policy of, 478 and note, 480,
487-488, 503 note; conflict with
Roman Catholic hierarchy, 494;
statesmanship of, 495.

Blondel, David, 200 and note *.
Bogomiles, 332.
Bohemia

--

Austrian acquisition of, 398.
Charles IV's policy as to, 250.
Electoral privilege of, in dispute,
242 and note, 243.
German population of, 479.
Imperial office held by King of,
243 and note.
John, King of, 233.

Otto's influence over, 144.

Position of, in twelfth century, 183.
Regal title in, received from Em-
peror, 265.

Silesia and Moravia acquired by,
184, 355.

Thirty Years' War, 387, 389.
Wenzel, King of, 230, 232, 250.
Boleslas, King of Poland, 184.
Bologna

Charles V crowned at, 309 note, 369.
Jurists of, 268, 272 note.
University of, 222.

Boniface VIII, Pope, Unam Sanctam

bull of, 108 note a; offers French
throne to a Hapsburg, 185;
Albert I's submission to, 221;
refuses to recognize Albert I,
221 note; pretensions of, 109
and note, 224; on supremacy
of the Emperor, 263 and note;
quarrel with Philip IV, 521;
family of, 525; otherwise men-
tioned, 257, 297 note.
Boniface, St. (Winfrith), 36, 155,
333 notei

Bonn University, 499.

Boso, King of Cisjurane Burgundy,
82 and note, 141, 265 notem,
530, 539.
Brancaleone, 310.
Brandenburg, Electorate of, regal
title assumed by Elector of, 398.

Brandenburg, Margrave of -
Electoral privilege of, 241, 242.
Imperial office held by, 243 and

note.

Brandenburg, Margraviate of -
Dominions of, 450.

Prussia, East, co-investiture of, ob-
tained by, 451 note.
Brandenburg, Mark of, founding of,
139, 502.

Bremen, 180 note, 393, 483.
Britain, Charlemagne's influence in,

70 (see also England).
Brotherhood, idea of, preserved by
Mediaeval Empire, 440.
Brunswick, representation of, in
Federal Council, 487.
Brunswick-Lüneburg, House of, 244.
Bulgarians

Church influence on, 339.
Conversion of, to Christianity, 335,
339.

Eastern Empire harassed by, 324,

325, 346-347.

Ottoman rule over, 336.
Burgundians, conversion of, to Latin
Christianity, 334.

Burgundy, Cisjurane, 82, 530-531;
Otto's government of, 141.
Burgundy, Duchy of —

Charles the Bold's proposal as to,
265-266, 269 noter.
French suzerainty over, 357:
Burgundy, Free County of, 183, 398,
530.

-

Burgundy, Kingdom of (Arles) –
Avignon in the bounds of, 221
note P.

Chancellorship of, 139 note, 243
and note.

Crown of, assumed by Emperors,
193, 539.

Dependence of, 35.

Empire's loss of, 356-357.
Equestrian contest at, 29 note.
Extent of, 183, 530.

German Empire joined by, 150.
Lex Romana Burgundionum, 32
note h

Richard I of England invested with,
187.

Burgundy, territories comprised under

the term, 529-532.

Burgundy, Transjurane, 82, 530.
Byzantine Christianity, see Church,
Eastern.

Byzantine Empire, see Eastern Empire.
Byzantium, Imperial residence re-
moved to, 8.

Calixtus II, Pope, 164.
Campagna, unhealthiness of, 138.
Campo Formio, 312.

Canon Law, 101-102, 348, 436 note.
Canosa, castle of, 160 note*.
Caracalla, Emp., 5.

Carinthia, 479, 492 note.
Carlsbad Conference, 461.
Castruccio Castracani, 223, 224.
Catalonia, 410.
Cathari, 255.

Cavour, 497, 500.
Chalons, battle of, 35.

Chambord, Count of, 421 note.
Charlemagne, see Charles the Great,

Emp.

Charles the Great, Emp. (Charle-
magne), assumes Lombard crown,
41; succours Pope Leo III, 44,
48; crowned at Rome (800), 2,
48 and note, 49, 58-60 and
note, 154-155, 261, 283, 343-344;
significance of the coronation,
50-53; its slight effect on the
Eastern Empire, 322, 342; ac-
counts of the ceremony, 53-56;
later theories, 57; reluctance to
assume imperial title, 60-61;
ecclesiastical authority resultant,
65-66; anecdotes cited, 51 note;
crowns his son Lewis, 61, 77;
negotiations with Irene, 61-62;
ecclesiastical authority of, 64-67,
106 note, 349; Capitulary of
802, 66-67; wide influence of,
70-71; personal habits and sym-
pathies of, 71-72; versatility of,
74-75; Augustine's influence on,
94 note; seal of, 103 and note;
feudalism under, 122; empire of,
compared with Otto's, 142-144;
finding of body of, by Otto III,
147 and note, 538 note; Transla-
tion of the Empire theory, 219-
221; decides against Rome as a
seat of government, 290; missi

of, 329; Napoleon's parallel
with, 408-410, 528; military
theocracy under, 419; the Irm-
insûl destroyed by, 516; titles
of, 535; basilica of, 75 and notea,
525; sarcophagus of, 516; canon-
ization of, 75, 177 note; other-
wise mentioned, 137, 156, 157,
191, 196 note, 315 note, 337,
361, 437, 443, 503 note, 522.
Charles IV, Emp., Italian rights

abandoned by, 228; electoral
constitution of, 233, 243, 248-
249; Golden Bull of, 243, 250;
Maximilian's estimate of, 249
note; characteristics and policy
of, 250; Petrarch's attitude tow-
ards, 270; Bohemian privileges
granted by, 355; founds Uni-
versity of Prague, 250 and note,
365; tomb of, 525; otherwise
mentioned, 184, 185, 231, 280,
524.
Charles V, Emp., financial straits of,
233 noted; rivalry with Francis
I of France, 267 note P; corona-
tion of, 309 note, 369; Rome
sacked by soldiers of, 312 and
notek, 373; dominions of, 371,
372; characteristics of, 372; hesi-
tation as to election of, 372 note b;
supports Papacy against reform-
ers, 373-374; repressive policy
a failure, 374; tomb of, 525;
titles of, 537; otherwise men-
tioned, 190, 315, 361 note, 421,
531.

Charles VI, Emp., 400, 403, 404.
Charles VII, Emp., 399, 403-404,

525.

Charles IV, King of France, 222.
Charles V, King of France, 185.
Charles VIII, King of France, 368.
Charles, Count of Anjou, 211, 212.
Charles, Count of Valois, 231.
Charles, King of Bohemia, 298.
Charles Martel, 36, 39.
Charles the Bald, Emp., 78, 79 note,

85 note, 138, 156, 265 notem,
525.
Charles the Bold, Duke of French
Burgundy, 265-266, 269 note*,
357, 531.

Empire-

Alliance with, 9-11, 96.

Authority assumed by, 11–12, 23,
64-68, 106 note, 143.
Close connection with, 46 and
note°, 47, 67-68.
Interdependence with, 102-103.
Parallelism with, 93-94, 97-99,

104-107, 127, 201-202, 264.
Peculiarity of relations with, 402
notek.

Reforms effected by Emperors,
204, 291, 348 note, 436–437.
Separation from, during Middle
Ages, 380.

Support to, 343-344.

Union with, 107-108 note.
Variety of relations with, 436-
439.

False Decretals, 156 and note,
196, 422.

Franciscans, see that title.

204.

Otto the Great's policy towards,
127-128, 143, 166, 204.
Popes, see that title.

Real Presence controversy, 227
note b.

Reform of, by Emperors, 204.
Reformation, the, see that title.
Revolt of mind against, 254-255-
Rome the recognized centre of
(fifth cent.), 31 and note, 34.
Schism of 1378, 105 note", 228 and
note, 310-311, 353 note b.
Simony, 151, 158 and note; de-
nounced by Arnold of Brescia,

Colonna, Sciarra, 222, 223, 297.
Columban, St., 333 note1.
Comnenus, line of, 332.
Comnenus, Manuel, Emp., 326, 343.
Concrete thinking, mediaeval ten-
dency towards, 96-97, 99.
Conrad I, King, chosen King of
Germany, 80; not reckoned
Emperor by Italian writers, 195
note; tomb of, 525; otherwise
mentioned, 121, 141, 501, 535.
Conrad II, Emp. (the Salic), styled
'Vicar of God,' 213; Arles
acquired during reign of, 150;
coronation of, 187 note; elec-
tion of, 235 and note, 238; tomb
of, 524; Burgundy acquired by,
530; Denmark under suzerainty
of, 533; otherwise mentioned,
149, 193, 199, 259 note.
Conrad III, Emp., anti-papal attitude
of, 166; Roman overtures to,
175, 294; tomb of, 525; other-
wise mentioned, 187, 342-343.
Conrad IV, Emp., struggle of, with
the Papacy, 209; tomb of, 524;
otherwise mentioned, 211, 213,
215 note.

Conrad, Abp. of Mentz, 206.
Conrad of Hohenzollern, 451.
Conrad the Pacific, King of Burgundy,
530.
Conradin, Emp., 190, 209, 211, 212,
215 note.

Constance, Council of, 111, 228, 269,

352, 353 note, 402 note.
Constans II, Emp., 337 note.
Constantine, Emp., officialdom de-

veloped by, 7-8, 129, 272-273;
removal to Byzantium, 8; em-
braces Christianity, 9; use of
title patrician' by, 40; styled
loanboroλos, 330 note; other-
wise mentioned, 26, 514.
Constantine, Donation of, 43, 101-
102, 153, 220 note", 277 note m,
283, 284, 302, 308 note1, 515, 518,
523.
Constantine VI, Emp., 46, 47, 64,
65.
Constantinople-

Civil service of, 329.

Consulship, perpetuation of, 421

note.

Crusaders' siege of, 326.

Invaders at the walls of, 325.
Latin Emperors at (1204-1261),
326.

Literary activity in, 350 note.
Ottoman capture of (1453), 326,
354, 363.

Rome contrasted with, 348-349.
Strength of, 327-328.
Coronations, superstitions attaching
to, 198 note m.

Coronations of Emperors —

Ceremonies of, 111-112, 305 and
note, 308-309, 517, 522, 526-
527.

Four, 192-195, 538-539.
Knighthood, at altar of patron
saint of, 266 noteo.

Lodging in Chambers of Augustus
and Livia, 273.

Rome, last in, 356.

Throne used at, 538 note1.

Corpus Iuris, 172, 260, 273, 365, 436;
Novels in, 273.

Crescentius, 145, 147, 304 note
Critical spirit, absence of, in Middle
Ages, 276.

Crowns, four, 192–194 and notes, 538-
539.

Crusades-