Frankish acknowledgment of,
as suzerain, 185; reckoned Otto
II, 274 note; tomb of, 524;
empire of, compared with Charle-
magne's, 142-144; otherwise
mentioned, 155, 157, 184, 192,
337, 342, 361, 501.
Otto II, Emp., Eastern wife of, 140;
coronation of, 540 note h; tomb
of, 307, 524; mentioned, 191.
Otto III, Emp., reign of, 144-148;

Italian sympathies of, 147, 208;
palace of, in Rome, 146, 307;
hangs Crescentius, 304 note;
address to the Roman people,
306 note; finds body of Charles
the Great, 538 note; tomb of,
525; title of, 146, 535-536;
otherwise mentioned, 156, 157,
184, 235, 236, 259 note, 265
note m, 285, 318.

Otto IV, Emp., relations of, with
Innocent III, 206-207, 220; seal
of, 522; tomb of, 525; men-
tioned, 185.

Otto, Bp. of Freysing, 173.
Otto, Duke of Bavaria, 242.
Ottocar, King of Bohemia, 244

Petchenegs, 324.

Peter, King of Denmark (Svend),
185 and noted.

Petrarch, Francis, letters of, to John
Colonna, 286 and note; supports
Rienzo, 271, 299; procures MS.
of Iliad and Odyssey, 345 note;
mentioned, 318.

Philip of Hohenstaufen, 206, 220,
241 and note", 525.

Philip I, King of France, 217.
Philip III, King of France, 217.
Philip IV (the Fair), King of France,
185, 279, 521.

Philip II, King of Spain, 375.

Philip the Good, Duke of Burgundy,
531

Phocas, Emp., 154, 526.
Photian schism, 86.
Pipin of Heristal, 36.
Pipin the Short, Papacy supported
by, 39; granted title of Patrician,
40 and note; gift made by, 40
noteh, 42; feudalism under, 122;
otherwise mentioned, 154, 157,

popes

see their

Popes (see also Papacy; and for
particular
names) -
Chair of, 515-516.
Coronation of Emperors by, 197
and note1-198.

Corruption and degradation of, 86,
291, 348 note, 437-438.
Election of-

Concordat of Worms (1122),
163-164.

Hildebrandine reforms as to,
158.

Imperial right to confirm or
veto, 37, 137, 155.

Majority required for, 238 note.
General Councils declared by
Marsilius to be above, 225.
Kissing of feet of, 515.

Poor, maintenance of, devolving
on, 43 and notes.

Rival claimants of the popedom
(tenth century), 151.

Rome, influence in, 301-302, 312.
Scolding tone of, 392 note.
Statesmanship of, 316.

Submission of, to Emperors, 37, 88.
Porcaro, Stephen, 300, 310.
Posen, 184, 489 note, 493.
Praetaxation, 238.

Pragmatic Sanctions

-

Frankfort, of (1338 and 1339),
225.

Frederick II's (1220 and 1232),

213, 229.

Prague -

Imperial tombs at, 525.

Treaty of, 478 and note, 480.
University of, 250 and note, 365.
Presburg, Peace of, 412.

Privilege of Austria, 200, 241 note *.
Provence, 183, 356, 529-530.
Prussia-

Administration of, 454, 463, 499.
Austria, hostility to, 455; war with
(1866), 477 note, 478.
Brandenburg elector's assumption
of kingship of, 398.

East, Duchy of, under Polish suze-
rainty, 451 note, 452.

Italy, alliance with, 477.
Kalisch, proclamation of, 458.
Kingdom of, established, 452.
Liberal party, views of, on Schles-

wig-Holstein question, 474-476.
National feeling centred on, 457.
North German Confederation, 478-
479, 484.

Policy of, as affecting German
unity, 498-500.

Posen seized by (1772), 184.
Representative institutions of, 462-
463.

Schleswig-Holstein question, 472-
478.

Seven Years' War, 404.
Silesia seized by, 397, 454.

Teutonic Knights established, 183.
Tilsit, Peace of, 456.
Zollverein

480.

established by, 465,

Conference at, 225, 249.
Situation of, 249 note ©.
Richard, Emp. (Earl of Cornwall),
election of, 184, 214, 240 and
note t

Urban IV's letters to, 259 note;
mentioned, 267 note P.

Richard I, King of England, 187–188.
Richelieu, Cardinal, 388.
Ricimer, 24.

Rienzo, Cola di, Petrarch's attitude

towards, 271; career, revolution
and ideas of, 296–300, 524; house
of, 310.

Robert, King of France, 211.
Robert, King of Naples, 222.
Robert Wiscard, King of Apulia, 150,
158 note h

Romaic, 327.

53.

Charles V's sack of, 312, 373.
'Christian' convertible term with
'Roman,' 81, 93 and note 8.
Church centred at (fifth century),
31 and note, 34.
Churches of —
Ara Coeli, 525.
Bell-Towers of, 314.
Restorations of, 313–314.
Sant' Antonio Abate, 525.
San Bartolommeo Isola, 307.
San Giovanni e Paulo, 525.
St. John Lateran, 525; mosaic
of, 116-117, 308, 518; coro-
nation in, 279 and note;
modernization of, 309.

San Lorenzo, 525.

S. Maria Antica, 288 note .
Sta. Maria sopra Minerva, 311.
Santi Quattro Incoronati, 308
and note.

Citizenship conterminous with
Christianity, 12,81, 93 and note 8.
Conrad III, overtures to, 294.
Constantinople contrasted with,
348-349.

Consulship, perpetuation of, 421

Imitations of, in Middle Ages,
273-276.

Imperial visits to, 302-307.
Joseph II's visit to, 404.
Law, Roman, see under Law.
Leonine city, 306 and note a, 315.
Lewis IV received by people of,

222-224, 279–280, 297.
Lombard invasions of, 38, 39.
Memorials of Germanic Emperors
in, 307-308.

Middle Ages, in, 285 et seq.
Modern estimate of, 287.
Monte Mario, 303 and note.

Mosaic of Lateran Palace at, 116–
117, 308, 518.

Municipal self-government in, 292.
Name of, perpetuation of, 419.
Name of Roman,' Leo VIII's con-
tempt for, 140.

Neronian field, 304 and note ".
Nobility in, during Middle Ages,
301; buildings raised by, 309-
310, 313.

Otto the Great in, 133-137.
Otto II buried in, 307.
Otto III's rule in, 146; his policy
regarding, 148; his address to
the people of, 306 note; his
palace in, 146, 307.
Palatine hill, 315 note.
Palazzo Cenci, 310 and note.
Papal Supremacy due to preëmi-
nence of, 100.
People of-

Degradation of, during Middle
Ages, 289, 293, 301.
Electoral rights of, in Middle
Ages, 317 note.

Otto III's address to, 305 note.
Popes and Emperors, attitude

towards, 305.

Pictures in, 116-118, 308 and note.
Possession of, a bulwark of West-
ern Empire, 343-344.

320.

Sieges of, 288 and note, 312.
Supreme position of, 6-8, 23, 507;

Dante's arguments for, 281-282.
Theodorich's restorations at, 23,
28.

Traditions of, cherished by Eastern
Empire, 326-327.

United Italy, capital of, 504.
Universal State, as, 6, 316–317.
Romulus Augustulus, Emp., 63, 324,
514.
Roncaglia, Diet of, 173, 174, 178.
Roumania, 368 note 1.
Roumanians, 335, 336, 339.
Rudolf I, Emp. (of Hapsburg), new
era with reign of, 215 and note;
position of, compared with that
of Philip III of France, 217;
acknowledges papal authority
over German crown, 220–221;
financial embarrassments of, 232;
coronation feast of, 244 note;
Dante's presentation of, 271-
272; tomb of, 525; otherwise
mentioned, 229, 230, 242, 278.
Rudolf II, Emp., 387, 525.
Rudolf, King of Burgundy, 82, 141,
150, 530.

Rudolf of Swabia, 163, 198.
Rupert, Emp., Milanese victory over,
269 note; election of, 249 note ©;
tomb of, 525; otherwise men-
tioned, 280, 352, 355.

Russia-

Claims of, in the East, 421.
German subjects of, 502.
Germany -

Aggressions on, 464.
Influence of, 450.
Influence on, 493.

Kalisch, proclamation of, 458.
Legal system of, 366.
Magyars suppressed by, 467.
Prussia, relations with, 474 note.
Religion, State support of, 509.
Russians

Church influence on, 339, 351.
Constantinople threatened by, 324-
325.