Page images
PDF
EPUB

V. SELECTED FORMAL ACTIONS, RESOLUTIONS,

AND DECLARATIONS

A. OAS and Other Documents on Major Issues

Page

131

1. Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (Rio Pact),
1947.

131

2. American Treaty on Pacific Settlement (Pact of Bogotá),
1948_

139

3. Caracas Declaration of Solidarity, 1954.

153

155

156

158

164

167

4. Declaration of Caracas, 1954_.

5. Declaration of San José, 1960_.

6. Act of Bogotá, 1960.

7. Declaration of Punta del Este, 1961.

8. The Charter of Punta del Este, Establishing an Alliance for
Progress, 1961___.

9. Resolutions Adopted at the Eighth Meeting of Consultation
of Ministers of Foreign Affairs, Punta del Este, Uruguay,
January 22-31, 1962 (exclusion of Cuba from participation
in the Inter-American system)_

10. Resolutions Adopted at the Ninth Meeting of Consultation of
Ministers of Foreign Affairs, Washington, D.C., July 21-26,
1964 (economic and diplomatic sanctions against Cuba).......
11. Declaration of the Presidents of America, Punta del Este,
April 1967..

12. Latin American Consensus of Viña del Mar, May 1969-
13. Resolution 21 of the VII Inter-American Economic and Social
Council (CIES), Panama, September 1971, on Economic
Measures Adopted by the United States.

14. Manifesto of Latin America, XI Special Meeting of the Special
Commission for Latin American Coordination CECLA,
Buenos Aires, September 1971..

181

189

194

210

221

225

15. Treaty for the Prohibition of Nuclear Weapons in Latin
America, 1967__.

228

16. Additional Protocol II To the Treaty for the Prohibition of
Nuclear Weapons in Latin America, 1968.

243

17. OAS Convention to Prevent and Punish the Acts of Terrorism,

1971.

B. Regional Integration_

1. Organization of Central American States (ODECA).

245

249

249

a. Description_-_

249

b. Charter of the Organization of Central American States
(ODECA).

251

2. Central American Common Market (CACM).

256

a. Description

256

b. General Treaty for Central American Economic In-
tegration (Managua Treaty), 1960

264

3. Latin American Free Trade Association (LAFTA)

275

a. Description

275

b. Treaty Establishing a Free Trade Area and Instituting the
Latin American Free Trade Association (Montevideo
Treaty), 1960.

278

4. Andean Group--.

299

a. Description_

299

b. Agreement Establishing the Andean Subregional Group
(Agreement of Cartagena), 1969.

300

5. Caribbean Free Trade Association (CARIFTA).

331

a. Description..

331

b. Agreement Establishing the Caribbean Free Trade
Association, 1968...

333

[blocks in formation]

c. An Act to Extend the International Coffee Agreement
of 1968.

3. Territorial Seas, Fisheries Conventions, and Related Legislation_
a. Convention for the Establishment of an Inter-American
Tropical Tuna Commission, 1950. -

b. Tuna Conventions Act of 1950, as Amended.
c. Inter-American Tropical Tuna Commission

d. Declaration of Montevideo on the Law of the Sea (claim
to 200 miles of territorial seas by certain nations),
1970....

e. Agreement Between the Government of the Federative
Republic of Brazil and the Government of the United
States of America Concerning Shrimp, 1972....
f. Legislation Prohibiting U.S. Assistance to Ecuador
Because of Fishing Seizures...

[blocks in formation]

g. Fishermen's Protective Act of 1967.

388

4. Petroleum..

389

a. Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
(OPEC).

389

b. The Statute of the Organization of the Petroleum
Exporting Countries, 1965.

391

5. Copper.

402

a. An Agreement to Establish the Intergovernmental Council of Copper Exporting Countries (CIPEC)---- 402

A. OAS AND OTHER DOCUMENTS ON MAJOR ISSUES

1. Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance Between the United States of America and Other American Republics (Rio Pact), 19471

In the name of their Peoples, the Governments represented at the Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Continental Peace and Security, desirous of consolidating and strengthening their relations of friendship and good neighborliness, and

CONSIDERING:

That Resolution VIII of the Inter-American Conference on Problems of War and Peace 2 which met in Mexico City, recommended the conclusion of a treaty to prevent and repel threats and acts of aggression against any of the countries of America;

2

That the High Contracting Parties reiterate their will to remain united in an inter-American system consistent with the purposes and principles of the United Nations, and reaffirm the existence of the agreement which they have concluded concerning those matters relating to the maintenance of international peace and security which are appropriate for regional action;

That the High Contracting Parties reaffirm their adherence to the principles of inter-American solidarity and cooperation, and especially to those set forth in the preamble and declarations of the Act of Chapultepec, all of which should be understood to be accepted as standards of their mutual relations and as the juridical basis of the Inter-American System;

That the American States propose, in order to improve the procedures for the pacific settlement of their controversies, to conclude the treaty concerning the "Inter-American Peace System" envisaged in Resolutions IX and XXXIX of the Inter-American Conference on Problems of War and Peace; 3

That the obligation of mutual assistance and common defense of the American Republics is essentially related to their democratic ideals and to their will to cooperate permanently in the fulfillment of the principles and purposes of a policy of peace;

That the American regional community affirms as a manifest truth that juridical organization is a necessary prerequisite of security and peace, and that peace is founded on justice and moral order and, consequently, on the international recognition and protection of human

1 Opened for Signature at Rio de Janeiro September 2, 1947; Ratification Advised by the Senate of the United States of America December 8, 1947; Ratified by the President of the United States of America December 12, 1947; Ratification of the United States of America Deposited With the Pan American Union December 30, 1947; Proclaimed by the President of the United States of America December 9, 1948; Entered into Force December 3, 1948. Ratified by Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Paraguay, Peru, United States of America, Uruguay, and Venezuela.

2 Treaties and Other International Acts Series 1543; 60 Stat. 1831.

3 Report of the Delegation of the United States of America to the Inter-American Conference on Problems of War and Peace, Mexico City, February 21-March 8, 1945, Department of State publication 2497, p. 107.

rights and freedoms, on the indispensable well-being of the people, and on the effectiveness of democracy for the international realization of justice and security,

Have resolved, in conformity with the objectives stated above, to conclude the following Treaty, in order to assure peace, through adequate means, to provide for effective reciprocal assistance to meet armed attacks against any American State, and in order to deal with threats of aggression against any of them:

ARTICLE 1

The High Contracting Parties formally condemn war and undertake in their international relations not to resort to the threat or the use of force in any manner inconsistent with the provisions of the Charter of the United Nations or of this Treaty.

ARTICLE 2

As a consequence of the principle set forth in the preceding Article, the High Contracting Parties undertake to submit every controversy which may arise between them to methods of peaceful settlement and to endeavor to settle any such controversy among themselves by means of the procedures in force in the Inter-American System before referring it to the General Assembly or the Security Council of the United Nations.

ARTICLE 3

1. The High Contracting Parties agree that an armed attack by any State against an American State shall be considered as an attack against all the American States and, consequently, each one of the said Contracting Parties undertakes to assist in meeting the attack in the exercise of the inherent right of individual or collective selfdefense recognized by Article 51 of the Charter of the United Nations. 2. On the request of the State or States directly attacked and until the decision of the Organ of Consultation of the Inter-American System, each one of the Contracting Parties may determine the immediate measures which it may individually take in fulfillment of the obligation contained in the preceding paragraph and in accordance with the principle of continental solidarity. The Organ of Consultation shall meet without delay for the purpose of examining those measures and agreeing upon the measures of a collective character that should be taken.

3. The provisions of this Article shall be applied in case of any armed attack which takes place within the region described in Article 4 or within the territory of an American State. When the attack takes place outside of the said areas, the provisions of Article 6 shall be applied.

4. Measures of self-defense provided for under this Article may be taken until the Security Council of the United Nations has taken the measures necessary to maintain international peace and security.

« PreviousContinue »