and water pipes in the public streets; and to construct and maintain and to permit the construction and maintenance of telegraph and telephone lines therein.

Violation of ordinances.

14. To impose fines, penalties, and forfeitures for any and all violation of ordinances; and for any breach or violation of any ordinance to fix the penalty by fine or imprisonment, or both; but no such fine shall exceed three hundred dollars, nor the term of imprisonment exceed three months.

Prison labor.

15. To cause all persons imprisoned for violation of any ordinance to labor on the streets or other public property or works within the city.

Other acts.

16. To do and perform any and all other acts and things necessary or proper to carry out the provisions of this chapter. [Amendment, approved March 14, 1885.]

Enacting clause.

SEC. 863. The enacting clause of all ordinances shall be as follows: "The board of trustees of the city (or town) of do ordain as follows." Every ordinance shall be signed by the presi dent of the board of trustees, attested by the clerk, and published at least once in a newspaper published in such city or town, or printed and posted in at least three public places therein. Demands.

SEC. 864. All demands against such city or town shall be presented to and audited by the board of trustees, in accordance with such regulations as they may by ordinance prescribe; and upon the allowance of any such demand, the president of the board shall draw a warrant upon the treasurer for the same, which warrant shall be countersigned by the clerk, and shall specify for what purpose the same is drawn, and out of what fund it is to be paid. Indebtedness not to exceed available funds.

SEC. 865. The board of trustees shall not create, audit, allow, or permit to accrue, any debt or liability in excess of the available money in the treasury that may be legally apportioned and appropriated for such purposes; provided, that any city or town during the first year of its existence under this act may incur such indebtedness or liability as may be necessary, not exceeding in all the income and revenue provided for it in such year; nor shall any warrant be drawn, or evidence of indebtedness be issued, unless there be at the time sufficient money in the treasury legally applicable to the payment of the same, except as hereinafter provided. Incurring excess decided by vote.

SEC. 866. If at any time the board of trustees shall deem it necessary to incur any indebtedness in excess of the money in the treasury applicable to the purpose for which such indebted ness is to be incurred, they shall give notice of a special election by the qualified electors of the city or town, to be held to determine whether such indebtedness shall be incurred. Such notice shall specify the amount of indebtedness proposed to be incurred, the purpose or purposes of the same, and the amount of money necessary to be raised annually, by taxation, for an interest and sinking fund, as hereinafter provided. Such notice shall be published for at least two weeks in some newspaper published in such city or town; and no other question or matter shall be submitted to the electors at such election. If upon a canvas of the votes cast at such election it appears that not less than two thirds of all the qualified electors voting at such election shall have voted in favor of incurring such indebtedness, it shall be the duty of the board of trustees to pass an ordinance providing for the mode of creating such indebtedness, and of paying the same; and in such ordinance provision shall be made for the levy and collection of an annual tax upon all the real and personal property subject to taxation within such city or town, sufficient to pay the interest on such indebtedness as it falls due; and also to constitute a sinking fund for the payment of the principal thereof, within a period of not more than twenty years from the time of contracting the same. It shall be the duty of the board of trustees, in each year thereafter, at the time at which other taxes are levied, to levy a tax sufficient for such purpose, in addition to the taxes by this chapter authorized to be levied. Such tax, when collected, shall be kept in the treasury as a separate fund, to be inviolably appropriated to the payment of the principal and interest of such indebtedness.

Incarceration.

SEC. 867. The violation of any ordinance of such city or town shall be deemed a misdemeanor, and may be prosecuted by the authorities of such city or town in the name of the people of the state of California, or may be redressed by civil action, at the option of said authorities. Any person sentenced to imprisonment for the violation of an ordinance may be imprisoned in the jail for such city or town; or if the board of trustees by ordinance shall so prescribe, in the county jail of the county in which such city or town may be situated, in which case the expense of such imprisonment shall be a charge in favor of such county and against such city or town. Nuisances.

SEC. 868. Every act or thing done or being within the limits of such city or town, which is or may be declared by law or by any ordinance of such city or town to be a nuisance, shall be and is hereby declared to be a nuisance, and shall be considered and treated as such in all actions and proceedings whatever; and all remedies which are or may be given by law for the preven tion and abatement of nuisances shall apply thereto.

Cost of street-work assessed on fronting property.

SEC. 869. The board of trustees are hereby authorized and empowered to order any work authorized by this chapter to be done upon the streets, avenues, highways, and public places of such city or town. The cost and expense incurred therefor shall be paid as follows, to wit:

The expense or cost of improving and repairing streets, sidewalks, alleys, squares, and other public highways and places within the city or town, removing obstructions therefrom, grading, paving, macadamizing, graveling, and curbing the same, and constructing gutters, culverts, and sidewalks therein, shall be assessed upon the lots and lands fronting thereon, each lot or portion of a lot being separately assessed for the full depth thereof in proportion to the benefits upon the property to be benefited, sufficient to cover the total expense of the work to the center of the street on which it fronts; provided, that the board of trustees may expend from the general fund for said purposes a sum which in their judgment may be necessary. The expense of all improvements in the space formed by the junction of two or more streets, or where one main street terminates in or crosses another main street, and also all necessary street crossings, or crossways at corners or intersection of streets, and the expense of establishing, building, and repairing bridges in such city or town, shall be paid by such city or town. The expense incurred in making and repairing sewers in any street shall be paid, one fourth by the owner of the lands on one side of said street, one fourth by the owner of the land on the other side of said street, and one half by the city or town out of the sewer fund. In all the streets constituting the water-front of such city or town, or bounded on the one side by the property thereof, the expense of work done on that portion of said streets, from the center line thereof to the said water-front, or to such property of the city or town bounded thereon, shall be paid for by such city or town, but no contract for any such work shall be given except to the lowest responsible bidder, and in the manner hereinafter provided. When any work or improvements mentioned in this section is done or made on one side of the center line of said streets, avenues, or public highways, the lots or portions of lots fronting on that side only shall be assessed to cover the expenses of said work according to the provisions of this chapter. Whenever any expenses or costs of work shall have been assessed on any lands, the amount of said expenses shall become a lien upon said lands, which shall take precedence of all other liens, and which may be foreclosed in accordance with the provisions of the Code of Civil Procedure. Such suit shall be in the name of such city or town as plaintiff. Upon the filing of a complaint in the superior court to enforce a lien of any kind hereon, the plaintiff shall be entitled, if a recovery is had or the money is paid, to include as costs the sum of twenty-five dollars as attorney's fees.

Right of waz.

SEC. 870. Whenever it shall become necessary for the city or town to take or damage private property for the purpose of establishing, laying out, extending, and widening streets and other public highways and places within the city or town, of for the purpose of rights of way for drains, sewers, and aqueducts, and for the purpose of widening, straightening, or diverting the channels of streams and the improvement of water-fronts, and the board of trustees cannot agree with the owner thereof as to the price to be paid, the trustees may direct proceedings to be taken under section twelve hundred and thirty-seven and following sections, to and including section twelve hundred and sixty-three of the Code of Civil Procedure, to procure the same.

Levy of taxes.

SEC. 871. The board of trustees shall have power, and it shall be their duty, to provide by ordinance a system for the assessment, levy, and collection of all city or town taxes, not inconsistent with the provisions of this chapter, which system shall conform as nearly as the circumstances of the case may permit to the provisions of the laws of this state in reference to the assessment, levy, and collection of state and county taxes, except as to the times for such assess ment, levy, and collection, and except as to the officers by whom such duties are to be performed. All taxes assessed, together with any percentage imposed for delinquency, and the costs of collection, shall constitute liens on the property assessed, from and after the first Monday in March in each year; which liens may be enforced by a summary sale of such property; and the execution and delivery of all necessary certificates and deeds therefor, under such regulations as may be prescribed by ordinance, or by actions in any court of competent jurisdiction to foreclose such liens; provided, that any property sold for such taxes shall be subject to redemption within the time and in the manner provided, or that may hereafter be provided by law for the redemption of property sold for state or county taxes. All deeds made upon any sale of property for taxes or special assessments, under the provisions of this chapter, shall have the same force and effect in evidence as is or may hereafter be provided by law for deeds for property sold for non-payment of state or county taxes.

Equalization.

SEC. 872. The board of trustees shall meet at their usual place of holding meetings on the second Monday of August of each year, at ten o'clock in the forenoon of said day, and sit as a board of equalization, and shall continue in session from day to day until all the returns of the assessor have been rectified. They shall have power to hear complaints, and to correct, modify, or strike out any assessment made by the assessor, and may, of their own motion, raise any assessment, upon notice to the party whose assessment is to be raised. The corrected list for each tax shall be the assessment roll for said tax for said year. It shall be certified by the clerk, who shall act as clerk of the board of equalization, as being the assessment roll for said tax, and shall be the assessment roll upon which such tax is to be levied in said year.

Construction of act.

SEC. 873. Nothing in this chapter contained shall be construed to prevent any city or town having a bonded indebtedness, contracted under laws heretofore passed, from levying and collecting such taxes for the payment of such indebtedness, and the interest thereon, as are provided for in such laws, in addition to the taxes herein authorized to be levied and collected. All

moneys received from licenses, street poll-tax, and from fines, penalties, and forfeitures, shall be paid into the general fund.

Public work to be done by contract.

SEC. 874. In the erection, improvement, and repair of all public buildings and works, in all street and sewer work, and in all work in or about streams, bays, or water-fronts, or in or about embankments or other works for protection against overflow, and in furnishing any supplies or materials for the same, when the expenditure required for the same exceeds the sum of one hundred dollars, the same shall be done by contract, and shall be let to the lowest responsible bidder, after due notice, under such regulations as may be prescribed by ordinance; provided, that the board of trustees may reject all bids presented and readvertise, in their discretion. Signature of warrants and contracts.

SEC. 875. The president of the board of trustees shall preside over all meetings of the board at which he is present. In his absence a president pro tem. may be chosen. The president, and in his absence the president pro tem., shall sign all warrants drawn on the treasurer, and shall sign all written contracts entered into by said city or town, as such president or president pro tem. The authority and power of the president pro tem. shall continue only during the day on which he is chosen. The president and president pro tem. shall have power to administer oaths and affirmations, and take affidavits and testify the same under their hands. The president or president pro tem. shall sign all conveyances made by said city or town, and all instruments which shall require the seal of the city or town. The president is authorized to acknowledge the execution of all instruments executed by said city or town, that require to be acknowledged.

Treasurer.

ARTICLE IV.-EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT.

SEC. 876. It shall be the duty of the treasurer to receive and safely keep all moneys which shall come into his hands as treasurer, for all of which he shall give duplicate receipts, one of which shall be filed with the clerk. He shall pay out said money on warrants signed by the president and countersigned by the clerk, and not otherwise. He shall make quarterly settlements with the clerk. For his compensation he shall be allowed one per cent on all moneys received and paid by him as such treasurer. He may credit himself with such per cent in his settlements with the clerk. Upon each quarterly settlement, he shall file a statement of his account with the clerk.

Assessor.

SEC. 877. It shall be the duty of the assessor, between the first day of May and the first day of August in each year, to make out a true list of all the taxable property within the city or town. The mode of making out of said list, and proceedings relating thereto, shall be in conformity with laws now in force regulating county assessors, except as the same may be otherwise provided in this act, or by ordinance. Said list shall describe the property assessed, and the value thereof, and shall contain all other matters required to be stated in such lists by county assessors. Said assessor shall verify said list by his oath, and shall deposit the same with the clerk on or before the first Monday of August of each year. The assessor shall, during said time, also make a list of all male persons residing within the limits of the city or town, over the age of twenty-one years, and shall verify said list by his oath, and shall, on or before the first Monday of August in each year, deposit the same with the clerk. Said assessor and his deputy shall have power to administer all oaths and affirmations necessary in the performance of his duty.

Clerk.

SEC. 878. It shall be the duty of the clerk to keep a full, true record of all the proceedings of the board of trustees and of the board of equalization. The proceedings of the board of trustees shall be kept in a book, marked "Records of the board of trustees." The proceedings of the board of equalization shall be kept in a separate book, marked "Records of the board of equalization." He shall keep a book, which shall be marked "City or town accounts," in which shall be entered as a credit all moneys received by the city or town for licenses, the amount of any tax when levied, and all other moneys when received, and in which shall be entered upon the debtor side all commissions deducted and all warrants drawn on the treasury. He shall also keep a book, marked “Marshal's account," in which he shall charge the marshal with all the tax lists delivered to him, and all licenses delivered to him. He shall credit the marshal with the delinquent lists returned by him, and with his commission for collecting. He shall also keep a book, marked "Treasurer's account," in which he shall keep a full account of the transactions of the city or town with the treasurer. He shall also keep a book, marked "Licenses," in which he shall enter all licenses issued by him, the date thereof, to whom issued, for what, the time when it expires, and the amount paid. He shall also keep a book, marked "Attorney's account," and shall therein charge said attorney with all delinquent tax lists delivered to him, and shall credit him with money paid and delinquent tax lists returned. He shall keep a book, marked "Ordinances," into which he shall copy all city or town ordinances, with his certificate annexed to said copy stating the foregoing ordinance is a true and correct copy of an ordinance of the city or town, and giving the number and title of said ordinance, and stating that the same has been published or posted according to law. Said record copy, with said certificate, shall be prima facie evidence of the contents of the ordinance and of the passage and publication of the same, and shall be admissible as such evidence in any court or proceeding. Such records shall not be filed in any case, but shall be returned to the custody of the clerk. Nothing herein contained shall be construed to prevent the proof of the passage and publication of ordinances in the usual way. Each of the foregoing books, except the records of the board of trustees and the board of

equalization, shall have a general index, sufficiently comprehensive to enable a person readily to ascertain matters contained therein. The clerk shall also keep a book, marked "Demands and warrants," in which he shall note every demand against the city or town, and file the same. He shall state therein, under the note of the demands, the final disposition made of the same; and if the same is allowed, and a warrant drawn, he shall also state the number of the warrant, with suflicient dates. This book shall contain an index, in which reference shall be made to each demand. Upon the completion of the assessment roll of any of the taxes of the city or town, and the levying of the tax thereon, the clerk shall apportion the taxes upon such assessment roll, and make out and deliver to the marshal a tax list in the usual form, taking his receipt therefor. He may appoint a deputy, for whose acts he and his bondsmen shall be responsible; and he and his deputy shall have power to administer oaths or affirmations, to take affidavits and deposi tions to be used in any court or proceeding in the state, and to certify the same. He and his deputy shall take all necessary affidavits to demands against the city or town, and certify the same without charge. He shall be the custodian of the seal of the city or town. He shall make a quarterly statement in writing, showing the receipts and expenditures of the city or town for the preceding quarter, and the amount remaining in the treasury. He shall at the end of every fiscal year make a full and detailed statement of the receipts and expenditures of the preceding year, and a full statement of the financial condition of the affairs of the city or town, which shall be published. He shall perform such other services as this act and the ordinances of the board of trustees shall require.

Attorney.

SEC. 879. It shall be the duty of the attorney to advise the city or town authorities and offi cers in all legal matters pertaining to the business of said city or town. He shall receive the delinquent list and receipt therefor; he is authorized to bring suit in the name of the city or town, in the proper court, for the collection of any tax; he shall receive for collecting taxes such per cent on the amount collected as may be provided by ordinance, which said per cent shall be collected of the delinquent tax-payers as provided by ordinance. In case a suit shall be brought in the superior court upon a tax upon real estate to sell such real estate for the purpose of paying such tax and costs, he shall be allowed, in addition to the said per cent, twenty-five dollars for each suit brought, to be taxed as costs in such suit, and not to be paid to said attorney unless collected of the defendant in such suit. Said attorney shall receive such other compensation as may be allowed by the board of trustees.

Marshal.

SEC. 880. The department of police of said city or town shall be under the direction and control of the marshal; and for the suppression of any riot, public tumult, disturbance of the peace, or resistance against the laws or public authorities in the lawful exercise of their functions, he shall have the powers that are now or may hereafter be conferred upon sheriffs by the laws of the state, and shall in all respects be entitled to the same protection; and his lawful orders shall be promptly executed by deputies, police officers, and watchmen in said city or town, and every citizen shall also lend him aid, when required, for the arrest of offenders and maintenance of pub. lic order. He shall, and is hereby authorized to, execute and return all process issued and directed to him by any legal authority. It shall be his duty to prosecute before the recorder all breaches or violations of or non-compliance with any ordinance which shall come to his knowl edge. He shall collect all taxes levied by the board of trustees, except as is herein provided. He shall, at the expiration of any month, pay to the treasurer all taxes and other funds of said city or town collected by him during said month. He shall, upon payment of the money, file with the treasurer an affidavit, stating that the money so paid is all the taxes or funds that he has collected or received during the preceding month. He shall, upon the receipt of any tax list, give his receipt for the same to the clerk, and shall, upon depositing with the clerk the delinquent tax list, take his receipt therefor. He shall receive from the clerk all licenses, and collect He shall have charge of the prison and prisoners, and of any chain-gang which may be established by the board of trustees. He shall for service of any process receive the same fees as constables. He may appoint, subject to the approval of the board of trustees, one or more deputies, for whose acts he and his bondsmen shall be responsible, whose only compensa tion shall be fees for the service of process, which shall be the same as those allowed to the marshal. He may also, with the concurrence of the president of the board of trustees, when the same may be by them deemed necessary for the preservation of public order, appoint additional policemen, who shall discharge the duties assigned them for one day only. He shall perform such other services as this act and the ordinances of the board of trustees shall require, and shall receive such compensation as shall be fixed by ordinance.

the same.

Compensation fixed by board.

SEC. 881. The board of trustees shall, by ordinances not inconsistent with the provisions of this chapter, prescribe the additional duties of all officers, and fix their compensation.

Recorder's court.

ARTICLE V.-JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT.

SEC. 882. A recorder's court is hereby established in such city or town, to be held by the recorder of such city or town. Said recorder's court shall have jurisdiction, concurrently with the justice's courts, of all actions and proceedings, civil and criminal, arising within the corporate limits of such city or town, and which might be tried in such justice's court; and shall have exclusive jurisdiction of all actions for the recovery of any fine, penalty, or forfeiture prescribed for the breach of any ordinance of such city or town, of all actions founded upon any obligation or liability created by any ordinance, and of all prosecutions for any violation of any ordinance. The rules of practice and mode of proceeding in said recorder's court shall be tho

same as are or may be prescribed by law for justices' courts in like cases; and appeals may be taken to the superior court of the county in which such city or town may be situated, from all judgment of said recorder's court, in like manner and with like effect as in cases of appeals from justices' courts.

Powers of recorder as judge.

SEC. 883. The recorder shall be judge of the recorder's court, and shall have the powers and perform the duties of a magistrate. He may administer and certify oaths and affirmations, and take and certify acknowledgments. He shall be entitled to charge and receive for his services such fees as are or may be allowed by law to justices of the peace for like services, except that for his services in criminal prosecution for violation of ordinances he shall be entitled to receive only such fees as the board of trustees shall by ordinance prescribe.

Recorder disqualified as judge in certain cases.

SEC. 884. In all cases in which the recorder is a party, or in which he is interested, or when he is related to either party by consanguinity or affinity within the third degree, or is otherwise disqualified, or in case of sickness or inability to act, the recorder may call in a justice of the peace residing in the city or town to act in his place and stead; or if there be no justice of the peace residing in the city or town, or if all those so residing are likewise disqualified, then he may call in any justice of the peace residing in the county in which such city or town may be situated.

Collection of moneys.

ARTICLE VI.-MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS.

SEC. 885. Every officer collecting or receiving any moneys belonging to or for the use of such city or town shall settle for the same with the clerk on the first Monday in each month, and immediately pay the same into the treasury, on the order of the clerk, for the benefit of the funds to which such moneys respectively belong.

No officer to be interested in any public contract.

SEC. 886. No officer of such city or town shall be interested, directly or indirectly, in any contract with such city or town, or with any of the officers thereof in their official capacity, or in doing any work or furnishing any supplies for the use of such city or town, or its officers in their official capacity; and any claim for compensation for work done, or supplies or materials furnished, in which any such officer is interested, shall be void, and if audited and allowed shall not be paid by the treasurer. Any willful violation of the provisions of this section shall be a ground for removal from office, and shall be deemed a misdemeanor, and punished as such. [See Statutes and Amendments, 1883, 93.]

An Act to authorize municipal corporations of the fifth class, containing more than three thousand and less than ten thousand inhabitants, to obtain public water-works.

Voting on water supply.

[Approved March 9, 1885; Stats. 1885, 42.]

SECTION 1. The trustees or common council of any municipal corporation of the fifth class are hereby empowered to call a special election in said city, to submit to the qualified electors of said city a proposition to supply said city with public water-works.

Calling election.

SEC. 2. Said election may be called by said trustees or common council, at any special or regular meeting of said body after the passage of this act.

Conducting election.

SEC. 3. Said election shall be conducted and carried on according to the general laws of the state of California concerning elections in municipal corporations of the fifth class.

Ballots.

SEC. 4. The board of trustees, or common council, shall cause to be prepared a sufficient number of ballots for said election; upon one half of said ballots shall be printed the words "For public water-works," and on the remaining half of said ballots shall be printed the words 'Against public water-works."

Result-Bonds.

SEC. 5. The result of said election shall be determined according to the rules of elections of municipal corporations of the fifth class; and if it appears that two thirds of all the ballots cast at said election bear the words "For public water-works," then the common council, or board of trustees, shall have power and are hereby authorized to issue bonds of said municipal corporation, payable on the first day of January, nineteen hundred and five, unless previously redeemed as hercin provided, to an amount not exceeding one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000). Said bonds shall bear interest at the rate of six (6) per cent per annum, payable semi-annually, on the first day of January and the first day of July of each year. Said principal and interest shall be made payable at the office of the treasurer of said municipal corporation. Said bonds shall be signed by the presiding officer of said common council, or board of trustees, of said city, and the treasurer thereof, and countersigned by the clerk. The coupons of said bonds shall be numbered consecutively, and signed by the city treasurer.

Fund for paying same.

SEC. 6. For the purpose of liquidating the said bonds, the common council, or board of trus tees, is hereby authorized to levy, annually, a special tax from and after the year of the issue of said bonds, sufficient to pay the interest on said indebtedness as it falls due, and also to consti