shall be exchanged against a District of about 200 morgen (67 acres) situated on the right bank of the Wumme, and further described in Article XV.

It being fully understood that a part only of the said District of 100 morgen (33 acres), can be appropriated for the Harbour Basin, the eminence on which the Battery now stands, together with sufficient ground for enlarging the Harbour defence, and a space along the Basin, to be agreed upon and described by the Commission in a Chart, shall remain at the disposal of Hanover.

The boundaries so described in the said Chart, shall, in the present year, be measured, and duly defined and limited: and in order to avoid all misconception, both Parties agree that the regulations laid down hereunder, (Article VIII. 4, 5, 6, and 7,) shall also be applicable to the aforesaid 100 morgen (334 acres.)

VIII. With respect to the Harbour and its District, (in as far as the Sovereignty of the same is not transferred) and to its Inhabitants, in their relation towards both Parties, or to each in particular, the following regulations are agreed upon :

1. Bremen shall have the right to give to the Colony she is going to establish, the name of Bremen Harbour, there to hoist her Flag, issue Ships Documents, Patents, Muster Rolls, and other Ships Papers, grant Ships Registers, regulate and receive duties, Harbour dues, &c. stipulate the Harbour conditions, and those for the building of Ships, conclude Treaties with Foreign Powers, and admit their Consuls and Agents.

2. Hanover also grants to Bremen the right of admitting Colonists into the said Harbour District, and of fixing the conditions (if they be not contrary to the present Treaty) under which the same shall be admitted.

3. For the better attainment of the end proposed, and for the interest of both Parties, it is further agreed:

(a.) That the Royal Hanoverian regulations of Customs shall not be applicable to Bremen Harbour, its District, or Inhabitants.

(b.) That Bremen shall be at liberty to fix the duties therein, and to receive the same, on her own account, as in her own Territories.

4. There shall be no distinction in the conditions under which Hanoverian or Bremen Subjects shall be admitted as Colonists in Bremen Harbour; Bremen, however, engages not to receive any Hanoverian Subjects who shall not have complied with the Military duty of their Country.

5. The Privileges, as well as obligations, attached to Bremen Harbour, and the use of its establishments, shall be alike to the Subjects of both Parties, and no distinction shall be made respecting the sale of their produce and manufactured goods, the use of the buildings, and houses, or the payment of duty on merchandize and shipping.

6. In order to facilitate as much as possible the sale of the goods which are the principal produce of Hanover, it is agreed upon, that

such provisions as grain, flour, cattle, and fresh, cured, or salt meat, brought to market by Hanoverian Subjects, either by water or land carriage, whether for home consumption or for the victualling of Ships, shall be imported duty free.

7. As the said District cannot possibly be separated from the Military System established over the whole of the surrounding Country, Hanover reserves to herself, both in time of War or Peace, the military power over the same, and the use of such means as may be necessary for its defence against Foreign Enemies; promising, however, in the exercise of it, to pay all possible attention to the mercantile and shipping interests of the Establishment; for which purpose the following Regulations are resolved upon :

(a.) Armed Vessels or Military Forces shall not be admitted without the special permission of Hanover; from which Regulation, however, are excepted, the larger kind of Merchant Ships, armed in the usual way, Guard and Quarantine Ships, and Armed Police Vessels belonging to Bremen, and stationed there for the purpose of maintaining order.

(b.) Should Hanover find it necessary to keep a Garrison in Bremen Harbour, or should circumstances require that one be introduced there, such Garrison shall, in every respect, be subject only to the Hanoverian Civil and Military Laws. The same shall not in any way be a burden upon the Inhabitants. Bremen, however, engages, as already provided for, respecting the eminence on which the Battery stands, to leave a proper space, unoccupied, for the building of Barracks or other Military Establishments, on condition that the value thereof be paid to the present owner. Bremen further agrees to pay to Hanover a certain sum yearly, for the military defence of the Harbour and its District, which sum, during the first 25 Years, shall be equal to the ground rent which the same now produces. After the expiration of 25 Years, the said annual payment shall be in proportion to the Population of the Harbour District and that of the Hanoverian Dominions, and shall, every 10 Years, be regulated according to the ordinary contribution levied by Hanover for the maintenance of her Military Establishment.

(c.) Bremen shall also, after the expiration of the first 25 Years, provide, in proportion to each 100 of the Population of the Harbour District, either from amongst its Inhabitants or by Substitutes, her contingent to the Hanoverian Army.

(d.) It is understood, that the several obligations, and, in fact, all the contra-praestenda which Bremen, in pursuance of the present Treaty, has engaged to perform, in consideration of the Hanoverian Cession of Territory, shall be performed by the State of Bremen only.

8. Bremen shall have the full right of civil jurisdiction in all cases whatever, but without infringing this Convention.

9. The stipulations of this Article shall also be applicable to the extension of the Harbour District, as reserved by Art. IV. c., and the

same conditions shall be understood as to all other points, with the exception of the 100 morgen mentioned in Art. VII.

IX. The Quarantine Arrangements, should such an Establishment be hereafter erected at Bremen Harbour, shall be defrayed jointly, and directed by the Officers of both Parties. The quarantine duties shall be applied towards the maintenance thereof.

The same shall take place, should it be found convenient to erect such Establishments elsewhere. Both Contracting Parties reserve to themselves the right of coming to a mutual arrangement respecting similar Establishments, with any of the neighbouring Powers.

X. The Post Regulations between Bremen and Bremen Harbour, shall be intrusted to a special Commission.

XI. Goods sent from the Harbour to Bremen, or into the Bremen Territories, or vice versa, and passing through Hanover, as also those from the Harbour to Hanover, and passing through Bremen, or the Bremen Territory, and vice versa, by land carriage, without being warehoused or reladen, shall pass unmolested, on paying 1 gr. (14d.) duty, per 100 lbs. Bremen weight; opportunity being afforded to the Subjects of His Hanoverian Majesty, of carrying on intercourse and traffick, by Sea, with distant Countries.

The manner in which the said duty is to be paid, and the controuling of the same, whether on the Banks of the Geeste, at Vegesack, Burgdam, Burg, Bremen, Brinkum, or Arberg, shall be regulated in the course of the present Year, by a Commission of both Parties; on principles which may lead to a frequent intercourse, and also serve as a preventive against the defrauding of the Revenue, for which latter purpose, if no better means be discovered, that of putting the Custom House Seal upon the goods, may be resorted to.

XII. Hanover shall endeavour to direct, as near to Vegesack as possible, the high road already commenced in the vicinity, and to the southward of Bremen, and Geestendorp, in order to bring the same, without interfering with its further course, from the point most convenient for that purpose, into communication with Vegesack, for which Bremen shall contribute a certain sum of money, to be hereafter stipulated.

XIII. Vegesack not being now in direct communication, by land, with the rest of the Territory belonging to Bremen; in order to connect a place of so much advantage to Commerce and Navigation, (both to Bremen and Hanover,) with Bremen Harbour, His Majesty the King of Hanover will give permission, that a direct road of communication, free of toll, &c. shall be made between Vegesack and the left Bank of the Lesum, near the Bremen Territory, and that, in the course of the present Year, the road on the right Bank of the Lesum, and also the passage over the River, shall be regulated, and proper steps be taken to avoid every abuse of a measure tending alone to establish a direct and free communication between Vegesack and the Bremen Territory.

XIV. Similar measures shall also be adopted to form a direct road of communication free of toll, duty, &c. between the Bailiwicks of Lilienthal and Ottersberg, upon the Territory which Bremen agrees to cede to Hanover.

XV. It being the interest of Hanover, in regulating her boundaries between the Bailiwick of Lilienthal and the Dominions of Bremen, and also the course of the River Worpe, and the Navigation of the same, that she be the sole Possessor of both Banks of the Worpe above the Watermill at Lilienthal; Bremen, in consequence of the exchange of Territory, agreed on by Article VII., of 100 morgen (334 Acres) on the River Geeste, cedes to Hanover, about 200 morgen on the right Bank of the Wumme, and the left of the Worpe, with all the buildings and Inhabitants, which District in the course of the present Year shall, by a Commission of both Parties, be duly measured, described, and marked.

XVI. Both Parties, equally desirous to promote the commercial interest of Hanover, as well as of Bremen, by improving and facilitating the communications of their respective Countries, and removing as much as possible the obstacles thereto, have agreed to continue their friendly deliberations, and propose to make the following points the principal object of their endeavours:

(a.) To agree upon the most proper means for maintaining the system of duties, principally in the vicinity of the Harbour, and on the roads of communication, in order to prevent the Revenue being defrauded of the duty on salt and distilled liquors.

(b.) To fix upon a proper place for anchoring, loading, and unloading on the Weser, near Nealand or Dreperziel, contiguous to Wuhrden.

(c.) To improve the Navigation of those streams and water communications, in the manner best calculated to promote the commercial interests of both the Contracting Parties.

(d.) To take into consideration the latest inventions for improving roads, in order that they may be laid before a Commission, and, if approved of, be adopted, in respect of the roads of communication between Bremen and Hanover, at their joint expence.

For the Ratification of the above Treaty (if not signed before), two months are fixed; after which, the Documents shall be immediately exchanged, by the Commissioners authorized by their respective Go

vernments.

In witness of the present Treaty, two Copies have been signed and sealed by the respective Commissioners.

CONVENTION of Commerce and Navigation between Prussia and Mecklenburg-Schwerin.—Signed at Berlin, the 19th of December, 1826. (Translation.)

His Majesty the King of Prussia, and His Royal Highness the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, in the conviction that an equalization of duties, reciprocally, on the Ships and Cargoes of Vessels sailing under the Prussian and Mecklenburg Flags, to and from the Ports of the two Countries, will infuse an increased activity into the Commerce of their respective States, have, by their Plenipotentiaries, Messieurs Michaelis and Meerheimb, signed the following Articles:

ART. I. Prussian Vessels, sailing into or out of the Ports of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, whether coming directly from Prussian Ports, or not, shall not be subject to any duties, now or hereafter, higher than those imposed on Vessels sailing under the Flag of MecklenburgSchwerin, or of Rostock; and vice versâ.

II. Every species of Merchandize, whether of Foreign or of Home produce, which is, or shall hereafter be, allowed to be imported into or exported from Prussian or Mecklenburg-Schwerin Ports, under the National Flag, shall be admitted, or be permitted to be exported, under the Flag of the other Power.

III. No higher or different duty shall be levied, (in conformity with Article 2.) on the above-mentioned merchandize, when imported or exported in a Vessel belonging to the other State, than if on board a Vessel under the National Flag.

IV. This Convention shall take effect from and after April 1st 1827, shall continue in force during 8 Years, and shall then be valid, from Year to Year, until a Year's notice to the contrary be issued by one of the High Contracting Parties.

V. This Convention shall be ratified forthwith, and the Ratifications shall be exchanged within the shortest possible time.

Done at Berlin, the 19th of December, 1826. WILHELM F. v. MEERHEIMB.

ERNST MICHAELIS. (The Ratifications of this Convention were exchanged on the 9th of January, 1827.)

TREATY of Commerce and Navigation between Sweden and Prussia. Signed at Stockholm the 14th of March, 1827,

Nous Charles Jean, par la grace de Dieu, Roi de Suède, de Norvège, des Goths et des Vandales, Savoir faisons: que nous et le J Sérénissime et très Puissant Prince et Seigneur, Frédéric Guillaume III., Roi de Prusse, ayant jugé à propos, pour l'avantage réciproque de nos Sujets respectifs, d'entrer en Negociation, afin de regler, d'une manière plus précise, les relations commerciales qui existent entre la