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Sunday 7th August, 1887. H. 2; K. 1; Courses, SW; Winds, West: A. M. Strong breeze and rainy weather. H.4; K.1; 4h Clearing up. H. 6; K. 1: H. 8; K. 2; Courses, SE; Clear. H. 10; K. 2; Courses, East. H. 12; K. 2; Courses, East; Noon clear weather and fresh breeze. H. 2; K. 2; Courses, NNW; P. M. Moderate breeze and cloudy. H. 4; K. 3; At 4h lowered and caught 8 seals. H. 6; K. 1. H. 8; K. 1; Courses, West. H. 10; K. 1; Fine weather. H.12; K.1; Latitude (Acc) 54°.00 N. Longitude (Acc) 167°.8′ W. Barometer 30.00; 30.20; 30.37.

Monday 8th August, 1887. H. 2; K. 1; Courses, West; Winds, SW; K.1; A. M. Moderate breeze and cloudy. H. 4; K. 1; At 5 lowered H.6; K.1; Decreasing wind. H.8; K.1. H. 10; K.1; A schooner in sight to the westward, supposed to be the "Allie I. Álgar". H. 12. Noon Calm. P. M. Calm. Cruising. Catch this day 161 seals, which completed the first thousand. H. 8; Winds, Northerly. Midnight light wind. Latitude (Acc) 54° 20 N. Longitude (Acc) 167° 15′ W. Barometer 30.50; 30.50; 30.52.

Tuesday 9th August, 1887. A. M. Light wind and cloudy. Cruising. H. 4; Winds, Westerly. At 6h Lowered. Freshening wind and passing fogs. H. 12; A schooner in sight. P. M. Moderate breeze and fine weather. H. 6; Winds, WSW. Catch this day 64 seals. Latitude (Acc) 54° 10′ N. Longitude (Acc) 167° 30′ W. Barometer 30.52; 30.52; 30.55.

Wednesday 10 August, 1887. H. 2; Winds, SW; A. M. Light wind and cloudy. At 5h lowered. At daylight two schooners in sight in the west and one to the east which proved to be the "Vanderbilt ". H. 10; Winds, SE. Noon light wind & fine weather. P. M. Moderate breeze and fine weather. Catch this day 76 seals. Calm. Latitude (Acc) 54°.20 N Longitude (Acc) 167.0 W. Barometer 30.60; 30.60; 30.60.

Calm

H. 10;

Thursday 11th August, 1887. H. 2; Winds, Calm; A. M. throughout with fine weather. At 5 Lowered. H. 10; Two schooners in sight to the northward. P. M. Calm and clear weather. Winds, South. Light wind and foggy. Latitude (Acc) 54.25. Longitude (Acc) 166.40 W. Barometer 30.60; 30.52; 30.40.

Friday, 12th August, 1887. H. 2; Winds, Southerly; A. M. Light wind and rain at the beginning. 4 Thick fog. Sailing to the Eastward. H. 6; Winds, SW. At 10h Lowered. Noon light wind and hazy. P. M. Light wind dwindling down to calm and hazy weather. H. 6; winds, SSE. 4 Calm. Catch this day 90 skins. Midnight thick fog. Latitude (Acc) 54°.25′ N. Longitude (Acc) 1660.0 W. Barometer 30.50; 30.50; 30.52.

Saturday, 13th August, 1887. A. M. Calm, weather clearing up at 2h. At 4 30m lowered. At 10h Strong breeze, Canoes returned with 26 seals. Made sail. H. 10; Winds, SE. Noon, brisk wind & clear, heavy tide rips. P. M. Fresh breeze and hazy weather. Working to Windward towards the Volcano near Ounimak pass. H. 10; Rainy weather. In flying Jib and mainsail. Latitude (Acc) 54°.40' N. Longitude (Acc) 165°.30′ W. Barometer 30.46; 30.38; 30.30.

Sunday 14th August, 1887. H. 2; Winds, S E; A. M. Strong gale and foggy weather. At 4 Set mainsail & Jib, endeavoring to work in to the watering place, but were unable to owing to the strength of the wind. At noon wind moderating. P. M. At 1h Came to an anchorage under the Volcano. Indians and crew watering ship. At 8h weighed and made sail wind light and weather foggy. H.S; Winds, W SW. H. 12; Winds, Calm. Latitude —(At anchor near Ounimak pass). Barometer 30.22; 30.28; 30.32.

Monday 15th August, 1887. A. M. Very light wind and gloomy weather throughout. H. 4; Winds, NE. At 6 all boats away. Sh Foggy. At 10h Two canoes came alongside with 25 seals. Noon hazy. P. M. Begins with calm weather. H. 4; Winds WSW; Catch this day 169 seals. 8 Rainy weather. H. 12; Strong breeze and rainy. Volcano SE 12 miles. Barometer 30.30; 30.25; 30.18.

Tuesday 16th August, 1887. H. 2; Winds, W. S W; A. M. Begins with brisk wind and dark gloomy weather. 7 Calm. 8. Winds, Calm; All boats away. Noon calm and heavy swell from the west. P. M. Calm and clear weather. H. 6; Winds, S W; Increasing wind and thick weather. Catch this day 79 seals. H. 12; Midnight fresh breeze. Off the N end Ounimak. Barometer 30.15; 30.12; 30.12.

Wednesday, 17th August, 1887. H. 2; Winds, SW; A. M. Decreasing wind and thick weather. H. 6; Clear. All boats away. 12h Light wind and clear. P. M. Increasing wind and clear. At 4 Boats returned with 84 seals. H. 8; A schooner in sight to the Northward. In sight of Ounimak to the Southward. Barometer 30.15; 30.18; 30.25. Thursday 18th August, 1887. H. 2; Winds, WSW; A. M. Fresh breeze and clear weather. Did not lower this day on account of the wind and sea. H. 10; A schooner in company beating to windward. Noon strong wind and hazy. P. M. Strong wind and clear weather. No boats out this day. Latitude: off Ounimak 20 miles. Barometer 30.30; 30.37; 30.41.

Friday 19th August, 1887. H. 2; Winds, WSW; A. M. Brisk wind and cloudy. At H. 6, 30m, All boats away. Noon Calm and clear weather. P. M. Calm at the beginning. Catch this day 123 seals, H.10; Squally and rain. Latitude (Acc) 540.50 N. Longitude (Acc) 165.10 W. Barometer 30.45; 30.45; 30.45.

Saturday 20th August, 1887. H. 2; Winds, NW; A. M. Strong wind accompanied with squalls and showers throughout. H. 8; Did not lower this day. H. 12; Schooner "Allie I. Algar" in company, P. M. Strong breeze and squally. H. 8; Winds NNE. H. 12; Hazy. Latitude (Acc) 550.5 N. Longitude (Acc) 1659.30' W. Barometer 30.40; 30.42; 30.50.

Sunday 21st August, 1887. H. 2; Winds, NNW; A. M. Fresh gale dark gloomy weather and high sea. No boats out this day. P. M. Wind and weather as above. Latitude (Acc) 55°.12 N Longitude (Acc) 165,355 W. Barometer 30.50; 30.50; 30.45

Monday 22nd August, 1887. H. 2; Winds, North; A. M. Brisk gale and cloudy with high sea. No boats out. H. 12; Foggy. P. M. Strong gale and hazy. Latitude (Acc) 559.9 N. Longitude (Acc) 1650.30′ W. Barometer 30.35; 30.25; 30.10.

Tuesday 23 August, 1887. II. 2; Winds, North; A. M. Begins with strong wind and gloomy weather. H. 6; A heavy sea running. H. 8; Decreasing wind and cloudy. Lowered at 9h. H. 10; Winds, N E. Noon light wind and cloudy. P. M. Light wind and cloudy. Catch this day 35 seals. H. 12; Thick foggy weather. Latitude (Acc) 54°.48′. Longitude (Acc) 1660.48' W. Barometer 30.05; 30.05; 30.00.

Wednesday 24 August, 1887. H. 2; Winds, North; A. M. Moderate breeze and thick weather. H. 6; Thick fog at intervals. At 8h lowered. Noon fresh breeze and foggy. Catch this day 22 seals. Latitude (Acc) 54°.19' N. Longitude (Acc) 166°.20. Barometer 29.95;

29.90.

[No. 4.-Washington, D. C. July 28, 1892.

74

L. G. SHEPARD, [Captain Revenue Marine.]

THE FUR SEAL OF GUADALUPE ISLAND, OFF LOWER CALIFORNIA.

For many years it has been known that fur-seals breed at Guadalupe Island, where formerly large numbers were killed annually for their skins. Two thousand were secured as late as 1883, since which time small numbers have been taken nearly every year. Inasmuch as the Northern fur-seal (Callorhinus ursinus) is not known to breed south of the Pribilof Islands, but occurs in winter off the coast of northern California and passes north in the spring, it seemed important to determine the species of fur-seal inhabiting Guadalupe Island. For this purpose an expedition was sent to said island by the direction of Dr. C. Hart Merriam in May, 1892, in charge of Mr. C. H. Townsend, an assistant of the United States Fish Commission. Seven fur seals were seen near the island and one was shot by Mr. Townsend, but it sank before it could be recovered. The visit was made too early in the sea son to find the seals on the shore. A beach on Guadalupe Island wa visited where it was known that a large number of fur seals had bee killed a few years previously and four skulls were there obtained. We have carefully examined these skulls and find them to belong to a spe cies of Arctocephalus, a very different kind of fur seal from that found in Bering Sea, the well known Callorhinus ursinus.

J. A. ALLEN.

THEO. GILL.

C. HART MERRIAM.

586

LETTER FROM C. M. LAMPSON & CO.

F. W. FRIGOUT, Esq.,

LONDON, 64 Queen Street, E. C., June 13, 1892.

Deputy Consul-General of the United States:

DEAR SIR: Referring to the conversation we had with you to day, we beg to inform you the averages of last year's catch of fur-seal skins are as follows:

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I, Francis W. Frigout, vice and deputy and acting Consul-General of the United States of America at London, England, do hereby certify that the signature "C. M. Lampson & Co." subscribed to the foregoing letter is the true and proper handwriting of Emil Tiechmann, a partner in said firm of C. M. Lampson & Co., a firm well and favorably known to me as the leading firm in the seal-skin industry of this city, and that to all acts so signed as the foregoing full faith and credit are and ought to be given in judicature and thereout.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal this 14th day of June, 1892.

[SEAL.]

FRANCIS W. FRIGOUT,

Vice and Deputy and Acting Consul-General.

587

THE BERING SEA DISPUTE: A SETTLEMENT.

By Sir GEORGE BADEN-POWELL, K. C. M. G., M. P.*

It is generally forgotten, however, that this question of seizure is, however great from an international point of view, a mere minor question to that of the industry itself. It is merely as to the lesser or greater extension of one State's authority over certain seas, but it does not affect and can not affect the whole of those seas. If the American case were conceded to-morrow in its entirety it would merely mean that "pelagic" sealers would not be permitted to fish north of the Aleutian Islands. This means that they would miss one-third of their present catch. But they would remain absolutely free to prosecute by every means in their power the capture of seals at sea over all the ocean to the south of these islands, where already they obtain two-thirds of their 'catch.

The owners of the islands complain that the "pelagic" sealers necessarily lose nine out of every ten seals they kill, and that 90 per cent of those they kill are females, mostly in pup. My careful local inquiries show both these complaints to be enormous exaggerations. But what I would here point out is that, in so far as they are true, in so far the owners of the rookeries, by pressing the one claim of jurisdiction within Bering Sea, and making all to hinge thereon, will absolutely free and incite these "pelagic" sealers to adopt even more vigorous methods of sealing than those in use at present. A cordon of sealing vessels in echelon, at the right moment, across the Unimack and other channels in the Aleutian Islands, could capture or scare most of the seals journeying to the Pribilof Islands, and this without so much as entering Bering Sea.

As I have said, this question of jurisdiction in Bering Sea is altogether a minor question, and even if won by or conceded to the owners of the rookeries would mean that free hand elsewhere to the "pelagic” sealers which might and would do far more injury to the whole industry than even the worst possibilities of the present indeterminate régime. What I have insisted on is that, in the interests of all concerned, the question to be decided is industrial rather than political; the material issue is not what rights have each of the parties in international or conventional law, but rather what means are necessary to insure the continued prosperity of the industry. The pelagic sealers have undisputed and indisputable right over thousands of miles of ocean. The shore sealers have undisputed and indisputable right over the land and the waters adjacent thereto. The mere definition of a line of demar cation between the two, however interesting, does not settle the ques *Extract from "The New Review," Vol. 1v., No. 21, February, 1891, pp. 147–149.

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