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F. Babbitt, Mr. Charles S. Cook, and Mr. George P. Morris. Mr. Quincy emphasized the epoch-marking nature of the working alliance for composing the Mexican situation which the United States last summer entered into with the "A. B. C." powers of South America, and he showed how fortunate Mr. Stimson would be in going to the Argentine Republic at this precise juncture of history, when a Pan-American agreement as to the Monroe Doctrine is in the making. Colonel Livermore said that President Wilson, in naming Mr. Stimson for the post, had honored Boston, done credit to himself, and a good deed for the nation. He described the appointee as a "scholar, writer, lawyer, authority in constitutional law, man of the world, and simple gentleman, all combined," and he predicted for the Argentine Republic great happiness in Ambassador Stimson's presence. Mr. Morris pointed out that Mr. Stimson's knowledge and ability as a jurist would make him especially welcome in a capital where this form of knowledge is highly rated and much cultivated. He also reminded the diners that under the administration of President Sarmiento and by the cooperation of Horace Mann, Massachusetts long ago stamped her ideals on the Argentine through the men and women she sent out to create and build up the system of popular education. Mr. Cook, as a personal friend and fellow sportsmen with Mr. Stimson in Canadian and Maine wilds, gave reminiscences of intercourse that had tested the man and found him not wanting. Mr. Babbitt scintillated with wit, and voiced admiration for an old friend whose merits as a man of letters he had recognized in Harvard days and always rated highly, so much so that he rather deplores his latter-day devotion to law and public affairs.

President Fish, in introducing Ambassador Stimson, dwelt at some length on the history and potential power of the Argentine Republic, and the strategic need of all acts of amity which may bind the Republic of the north and that of the south together. "We want its trade, we want its friendship, we want its assistance in dealing with the tremendous problem that confronts this half of the world," he said. Contrasted with some of the diplomats that the United States has sent to South America in days gone by, he was glad to see in Ambassador Stimson, an ideal representative of the best that there is in the United States; a man who has rank in authorship of imaginative literature, poetry, and first-rate tales; who has succeeded as a lawyer and as a thorough student of constitutional questions; and who has had the honor of teaching law in the Harvard Law School.

Ambassador Stimson, in his reply, said: "Mr. President and Members of the City Club. Before proceeding in any public manner I must thank you for the honor you have done me in making me your guest to-night. I have been more than touched, and I have been sobered by the kindly words that your president and others have spoken.

"I may be pardoned, to-night, for greeting first my friends and neighbors, companions with whom I have grown up, comrades side by side with whom, whether of my party or of the other, we have sought for the higher ideals of government and public life; and if I speak first

of our local affairs and of that Boston we love so well. We live on and by the sea. It was to commerce that Boston owed its first prosperity; it was to commerce, full and free intercourse with all nations, that we owed our growth and our education; it was to that, the most civilizing of the three branches of industry, more educative than agriculture, more broadening than manufacture, that we owe the fame and the name of Boston in those years following the Revolution, when its name was spread throughout the world.

"We love the sea. To run away to sea was almost part of the curriculum of the liberal education of the enterprising boy of Massachusetts. I am not the first of the family to go to the River Plata. My uncle Ben ran away to sea now nearly a century ago, the first of my family to see La Plata. He sailed on a little brig, 'The Pilgrim,' and his companion and shipmate was Richard H. Dana! - for my grandfather, finding that my uncle was determined to go to sea anyhow, he having attempted to run away twice before, made the best of the business and secured him the best opportunity offering. So they sailed together and went to what is now the Argentine and around the Horn to California. And the result of that two years' voyage, the work of Richard Henry Dana was that famous classic of sea life - 'Two Years Before the Mast.'

"That country of hides and Indians seen by my uncle has now grown to be, not only a great country, but a country like ours, with a population nearly all of European blood, a country with the same ideals that we have, and dedicated, like ourselves, to the rule of the people. You all know that the great Argentine Republic is half again as large as Mexico; that it has 9,000,000 people; that its area, more than onethird as large as the United States, stretches from the Tropic to the Antarctic Zone, and that it has grown in a manner unparalleled this last few years even in the Western Hemisphere. You know that its commerce exceeds that of China and Japan combined; that it is the great cattle and wool market of the world, and that Buenos Aires has more people than any city of the United States, except New York and Chicago. But you do not all remember that it was discovered one hundred and five years before Plymouth Rock, and settled seventy years before Jamestown; that it has a university seventy years older than Harvard; that it has schools of all sorts equal to our own, and newspapers like La Prensa, as fully advised, as learnedly edited, as any daily of the United States.

"This last half century the sea has not been so free to us of Massachusetts as it was of yore. Our trade has been shackled, partly by legislation and partly by monopoly. Our merchants, taking the line of least resistance, devoted themselves first to manufacturing, then to internal improvements - railroads in the West.

"Even the waterways at our doors ceased to be available. Long Island Sound, our great highway of New York, and the rest of our vast country, became almost like the private property of corporations organized for land transportation. I always took these things to heart; the

memories of my childhood go back to the time when our merchant ships ran to every sea, to every shore. I have always regretted their disappearances. It has been my pleasant duty to write, as some of you remember, two or three of the platforms of one of our great parties; in other years I have been permitted to insert a plank; and I have never omitted, in platform or in plank, or in speech for myself or others when candidates for office, to plead for the restoration of a free sea.

"Now we have our opportunity. The sea is free again - more than free. The United States in this distressful year has a unique point of vantage for reestablishing her commerce, and what is more important still, her intercourse of friendship and mutual advantage with friendly nations.

"But it seems to me there are two kinds of trade, of commercial intercourse, differing widely as the Poles. We may trade merely for the sake of gain, one-sided gain alone, persuading the people that we deem remote and barbarous to offer us their treasures for our gunpowder or glass beads. Of this sort is trade with savages. Something of this sort was our early trade with China and the East; then we only exchanged tangible commodities, without human sympathy or mutual understanding, without educational profit or artistic inspiration, without a generous sharing of ideals. The time for that trade, if it ever existed, has gone by. Material advantage is well enough, but even the greatest of material advantage is not realized without sympathy in the higher things of life; without a blending of the two civilizations. These friends. of ours, these great countries in South America, come from an older civilization than do we, and have preserved its traditions, from which we have much to learn.

"The Argentine Republic, to which I am accredited, was a country discovered in 1515, a hundred and five years before Plymouth Rock, and it was the earliest of South American countries to become independent, loyal enough to Spain to remain loyal while there was a real Spanish king, never troubled in its freedom when once asserted. Their great leader, Rivadivia, went to Spain to try to arrange for the autonomy of the country under Spanish rule, but finally, under his leadership and the direct encouragement of the United States, they joined the other South American countries in throwing off the yoke of Spain entirely.

"Nothing is finer in history, not even the example of our Washington, than the behavior of their great general, San Martin, who, having freed the south of South America, as Bolivar had freed the north, finding that there might be friction between them, his country secured, his people free, refused the leadership, lest there should be war between the countries he had freed, and went abroad to end his days.

"Only at his death were his remains returned and interred beneath the cathedral in the city he had saved. Another great leader was Sarmiento, called the 'Schoolmaster President,' who came from North America, where he was Argentine minister, to assume the presidency. There is at Buenos Aires a wonderful statue of Washington; and I am informed that the people of Buenos Aires, in token of their sympathy

and friendship for the people of Boston, are about to give a bronze statue of that hero, by their greatest artist, to decorate our most important square.

"Gentlemen, there is a stronger basis of sympathy than race alone. It has been our habit to think of the Argentine people as of a different blood than ours. That is true. But they are a pure European race, with a smaller proportion of mixed blood than have we ourselves, and just as we are Teutonic with a strong dash of Celtic, so are they Latin with a strong infusion of the old Gothic blood of Spain. But what is far more than blood or pedigree, they are people of the same stock of liberty from which we spring. Their constitution models on ours, their ideals are the same, dedicated to high ideals of which they are capable as are we― of liberty, individual liberty, freedom of all creeds, and government by the people.

"Side by side we stand on that great pathway, the pathway of the Future, trodden only by free people, and hence the path of peace. Argentine has just signed a treaty of permanent peace and arbitration with the United States. And many of you will remember how, when the bitter boundary dispute with the neighboring Republic of Chili took place, lasting many years, a kind of question which, more than any, has embroiled nations in war; even after military preparations were made, these two great southern nations came together and left their disputes to the arbitrament of a neutral power. And in commemoration of that event there now stands on the highest point of the Andes, where the two ways met, a great boundary cross, bearing no proud heraldry, no coatsof-arms, but only the image of Christ.

"The Argentine Republic is one-half again as large as Mexico, and though her population, 9,000,000, is now less, it is growing far more rapidly, and in productive power probably exceeds that of Mexico to-day. In the last fifty years 2,000,000 Italians, 1,150,000 Spaniards, more than 200,000 French, 50,000 English, 50,000 Austrians, 50,000 Germans, 30,000 Swiss, 20,000 Belgians, 4,000,000 of European people have settled in Argentina. Of their vast territories, more than one-third that of the United States, only 26,000,000 acres were cultivated in 1904. In 1913 it was already 60,000,000.

"The city of Buenos Aires, the capital, with 1,700,000 people, is the fourth, if not the third, city in the western hemisphere, ranking after Chicago, probably larger than Philadelphia; and the second Latin city of the world.

"The exportations of the country, valued in American gold, were for the year 1913, $469,000,000, of which $120,000,000 went to Great Britain, $58,000,000 went to Germany, and only $23,000,000 to the United States, and that was actually $4,000,000 less than they sent to us in 1909, four years before, although Germany in that same period had increased by $16,000,000.

"Their importations last year were $408,000,000, showing a balance in trade, as we used to call it, of $60,000,000 in her favor. There is doubtless some difficulty with us in establishing direct trade with Argen

tina, in that she produces much the same things that we do; we have been, but we are no longer, a competing country for the exportation of cereals, meats, and food stuffs, yet when we sell them only $62,000,000 and import hardly $20,000,000, there is surely something wrong.

"I shall not attempt to indicate, what you all know so much better than I do, the many ways in which this condition may be ameliorated; but it seems clear that for commerce there must be mutual understanding of one another, appreciation of one another's tastes as well as needs, and a desire to fulfil them. We must learn to give them what they want, not what we wish them to take; and for that business there must be credit; and for credit there must be exchange, and transportation and telegraph communication.

"The people must be persuaded to think in dollars and cents, not in pounds sterling on London. One of our great banks is already establishing a branch in Buenos Aires, but there is no line of steamers going to there under the American flag, hardly now any foreign steamers, direct from New York. There is no neutral ocean cable and no international parcel post.

"All of these things will come if we are anxious and intelligent. We must learn to do things their own way, to pack and ship to suit them; in all ways we must learn to please. We must understand their system of credits, we must not be afraid to trust them; but most of all, we must know them, we must feel the close bonds of a common ideal.

"We all remember the great service we received from the three leading South American countries, Argentina and Brazil and Chili, last year. And though this is primarily a commercial club and we a commercial people, it is not alone on account of their seventy millions of population, or their two and one-half billions of commerce, that we are drawn closer to our South American sisters to-day. We stand with them as guardians of the peace of the western world." (Prolonged applause.) Thursday Evening, October 22

LARGE AUDIENCE APPRECIATES TALK AND PICTURES DISPLAYED BY PROFESSOR A. D'AVESNE [Boston Advertiser, October 23, 1914]

Professor A. D'Avesne delivered a lecture, "Voyage en France," last evening at the Boston City Club, which drew a very large audience. It is doubtful if an illustrated lecture of this general character has ever been delivered at the Club which has been so thoroughly enjoyed.

The vivacity, sly wit and cleverness of the Professor, who mingled historical information with the most appreciative comment on art and practical information regarding industry and the habits of the people, immediately gave the affair the atmosphere of a great family party.

The pictures, of which there were some 150, were in many instances beautifully colored, and were not by any means merely of places which the tourist would ordinarily see.

Charles J. Martell, who presided at the lecture and was toastmaster

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