immediately inflict corporal punishment to the extent of twelve strokes (with a courbash) across the back. No orders whatever are necessary from head-quarters, or are ever given for carrying out the above Rule, which is within the Director's rights. On the 31st the case was reported to me in writing, and a copy forwarded to the Minister of the Interior, by Rule 50. It appears Sir B. Maxwell called at the prison on the 31st, and instead of applying to the Egyptian Director for information, cross-examined the English warder who was on duty, and learning from him that he supposed a written order for administering corporal punishment would be sent from the head-quarters office, demanded a copy of it next day; as such an order was not necessary, or ever given to the Director, a copy was not forthcoming. To avoid abuse of Rule 47, I requested all Directors of prisons to communicate with me in cases where corporal punishment was deemed necessary before carrying it into effect; wherever this has been done my reply, as in this case of Cairo, has been verbally, "Follow the Rule." 2. The English warder, in reply to my inquiries, has stated in writing: "Sir B. Maxwell called at the prison on Sunday morning about 7:30 A.M., and requested to be furnished with a copy of the order for inflicting corporal punishment. I declined to do so on the grounds: firstly, that no such order was given, not being necessary according to Rule 47; and secondly, that I could not give copies of non-official private correspondence without the sanction of the Director-General, without making myself liable to dismissal." I beg to state that, although I can hardly be held responsible for verbal statements which such minor employés might think fit to make without my knowledge, I have severely reprimanded the gaoler in question for his want of courtesy towards such an authority as the Procureur-Général, and dismissed him from his post at the Cairo prison to an inferior one; thirdly, with regard to these charges, I can give them an unhesitating denial. On the 20th April, 1884, I received an official order from the Minister of the Interior to the effect that the Procureur-Général had the right to inspect all prisons, registers, and other books belonging to the prisons, and report any irregularities therein to the Minister of Justice. I immediately ordered circulars to be issued to that effect to all Directors of prisons, requesting them officially, and under penalty of suspension, to place all books, registers, circulars, and other official correspondence at the Procureur-Général's disposal. Copies of these orders have been forwarded to the Minister of the Interior, and can be produced. I have even gone so far, within the last ten days, as to make arrangements with the substitute of the Procureur-Général, to reprint the whole of the prison registers on their own designs. I have also been assured that all the rules pertaining to prison discipline were handed to Sir B. Maxwell for perusal, the courbash shown him and the method of applying it described. I have done my utmost to meet every wish of the Procureur-Général, and am at a loss to understand why these charges have been brought against me. I am, &c. (Signed) H. CROOKSHANK, F.R.C.S., Inclosure 3 in No. 167. General Rules for Prisons. Sanctioned by his Excellency the Minister of the Interior, and forwarded by the Under-Secretary of State, March 3, 1884. Admission and Discharge of Prisoners. 1. NO prisoner shall be received into or discharged from prison without an order in writing addressed to the Director of the prison, and signed by a competent authority. 2. Prisoners, unless exempted by the medical officer, shall go into a bath on admission before being passed to their proper wards, and subsequently every fortnight, or oftener if necessary. 3. No prisoner shall be stripped or bathed in the presence of any other prisoner. 4. Prisoners on admission shall be searched by the chief warder, and all dangerous weapons, articles calculated to facilitate escape, and prohibited articles shall be taken from them. 5. No prisoner shall be searched by any other prisoner. 6. All money or other effects brought into the prison by any prisoner, or sent to the prison for his use, which he is not allowed to retain, shall be delivered to the Director of the prison, who shall keep an inventory of them in a separate book for that purpose. 7. All prisoners, previous to being removed to any other prison, or being discharged from prison, shall be examined by the surgeon, and no prisoner shall be removed unless the surgeon forwards a certificate to the Director stating that the prisoner is free from any illness that renders him unfit for removal. 8. Prisoners before trial shall be kept altogether apart from convicted prisoners. Female Prisoners. 9. Female prisoners in their ninth month of pregnancy, or recently delivered, shall not be received. 10. Female prisoners shall be searched on admission by female officers. In other respects the same course shall be pursued in reference to the admission, removal, or discharge of a female prisoner as in the case of a male prisoner. 11. The child of a female prisoner may be received into prison with its mother, but when the child has attained its seventh year it shall no longer be retained except under special circumstances. 12. Previous to the discharge of any such child, the Director of the prison shall ascertain from the relatives whether they are willing and in a position to receive it; if unable to do so the Director shall act according to his own judgment. Food, Clothing, and Bedding. 13. No wine or spirituous liquors of any kind shall be admitted into the prison for the use of any of the prisoners under any pretence whatever, unless by a written order of the surgeon, specifying the quantity and for whose use. 14. No smoking shall be allowed or tobacco introduced, except with the consent of, and subject to any restrictions prescribed by, the Director-General of Prisons, or under a written order of the surgeon. 15. Any order of the surgeon for the admission to prisoners of spirituous liquors or tobacco shall be in writing, addressed to the Director; a copy of the order to be retained by the Director. 16. All prisoners shall be provided with a plank bed, a mat, two blankets, a pillow, and a tin mug for drinking. The prisoners shall be allowed the opportunity of earning by industry permission to be provided with a mattrass, which they shall be liable to forfeit on account of idleness or misconduct. 17. Every prisoner shall be supplied with clean clothing once in every week. 18. Every convicted criminal prisoner shall be allowed a sufficient quantity of food according to the scale sanctioned by his Excellency the Minister of Interior; prisoners in hospital shall be allowed such diet as the medical officer may direct. 19. No convicted criminal prisoner shall receive any food, clothing, bedding, or necessaries other than the prison allowance, except under a written order from the surgeon stating the quantity and the name of the prisoner for whose use such article is intended. 20. A convicted criminal prisoner shall be provided with a complete prison dress, and shall be required to wear it. 21. On the discharge of a prisoner his own clothes shall be returned to him, unless it has been found necessary to destroy them, in which case he shall be provided with clothing. 22. If necessary the clothes of a prisoner shall be purified before he is allowed to wear them in the prison, or to take them away on his discharge. 23. The bed-clothes shall be aired, changed, and washed as often as the surgeon may direct. Personal Cleanliness. 24. Prisoners shall be required to keep themselves clean and decent in their persons, and to conform to such rules as may be laid down for that purpose. 25. Each prisoner shall wash himself once a-day, and the Director of the prison shall see that there is a sufficient supply of water, soap, and towels for that purpose. 26. Every male prisoner shall have his hair cut and be shaved at least once a-week. 27. No gaming shall be permitted in any prison, and the Director shall seize and destroy all cards, dice, or other instruments of gaming. Employment of Prisoners. 28. A male prisoner, above 16 years of age, who has been committed to prison to be imprisoned with hard labour, shall, during the whole of his sentence, when it does not exceed one month, and during the first month of his sentence, when it exceeds one month, be kept to penal labour, and he shall for the rest of his term of imprisonment be kept to industrial labour. 29. No prisoners shall be employed at unnecessary labour on Fridays (or Sundays if Christians), or on the usual Mahommedan holidays. 30. Every prisoner sentenced to hard labour shall be examined by the surgeon before being put to such labour, and he shall report whether any such prisoner is fit or otherwise for such labour. 31. Provision shall be made for the employment of all convicted criminal prisoners not sentenced to hard labour, and instructions shall be issued from time to time as to the amount and nature of such employment. Health of Prisoners. 32. Criminal prisoners, if employed at work in their own cells, shall be permitted to take such exercise in the open air as the surgeon may deem necessary for their health. 33. The names of prisoners who desire to see the surgeon, or appear to be out of health, shall be reported by the warder to the Director, and by him without delay to the surgeon. 34. Prisoners suffering from minor complaints shall remain in prison under medical treatment; in more serious cases, where it is necessary that a prisoner should be removed to hospital, a certificate to that effect shall be given by the surgeon to the Director, who will give an order for removal with as little delay as possible. Instruction. 35. Boys under 14 years of age will form a separate class of prisoners, and will receive instruction in writing and reading at least six hours daily. If possible, a wellbehaved prisoner who can read and write will be appointed schoolmaster Visitors. 36. The Director may demand the name and address of any visitor to a prisoner, and when he has ground for suspicion may search male visitors, and may direct the matron or some other female officer to search female visitors, and in the case of any visitor refusing to be searched, the Director shall deny him or her admission, the reason of such proceeding to be entered in his journal. 37. Visitors shall only be admitted at such hours as the Director may appoint, which must in no case interfere with the usual work a prisoner may be engaged in. 38. No one shall be allowed to enter the prison without an order in writing from the Director, with the exception of the following: their Excellencies the Ministers, the Inspector-General of Reforms, the Under-Secretaries, [the Procureur-Général and his substitutes,*] the officer commanding Egyptian army, the Mudirs, Governors of provinces and towns, the Cadi, the Consuls, police officers on duty, and prison employés. Prison Discipline. 39. No punishments or privations of any kind shall be awarded for prison offences except by the Director of the prison or by order of the Director-General. 40. The Director shall enter in a separate book called the Punishment Book a statement of the nature of any offence that he has punished, together with the name of the offender, the date of the offence, and the amount of punishment inflicted. 41. The following acts are declared to be offences against prison discipline, and it shall be lawful for the Director to punish such offences by ordering any offender for any time not exceeding three days to solitary confinement, and to be kept upon bread and water: * Added by order of his Excellency the Minister of the Interior.-C. L.-April 20, 1884. (a.) Disobedience of the regulations of the prison by any prisoner. (c.) Indecent behaviour by any prisoner. (d.) Insulting or threatening language by any prisoner to any officer or prison employé. (e.) Idleness or negligence at work by any convicted criminal prisoner. (f) Wilful mismanagement of work by any convicted criminal prisoner. 42. If any criminal prisoner is guilty of repeated offences against prison discipline, the Director can order the offender to be punished by solitary confinement for any term not exceeding a month, or in case of prisoners convicted of crime or sentenced to hard labour, by personal correction. 43. No prisoner shall be put in irons or under mechanical restraint by a warder of any prison except in case of urgent necessity, which should be immediately reported to the Director. 44. All corporal punishments within the prison shall be attended by the Director, the chief warder, and a Government medical officer, the Director being authorized to call in when required the Local Government medical officer. The medical officer shall give such orders for preventing injury to health as he may deem necessary, and it shall be the duty of the Director to carry them into effect, and the Director shall enter in the Punishment Book the hour at which the punishment is inflicted, the number of lashes, and any orders the surgeon may have given. Prison Offences. 45. The following offences committed by convicted male prisoners will render them liable to corporal punishment: (a.) Mutiny or open incitement to mutiny in the prison; personal violence to any officer of the prisoner; aggravated or repeated assault on a fellow-prisoner; repetition of insulting or threatening language to any officer or prisoner. (b.) Wilfully and maliciously breaking the prison windows or otherwise destroying the prison property. (c.) When under punishment wilfully making a disturbance tending to interrupt the order and discipline of the prison, and any other act of gross misconduct or insubordination requiring to be suppressed by extraordinary means. (d.) Grossly indecent behaviour. Corporal Punishment. 46. Corporal punishment shall be inflicted on the bare back with a "courbash" or whip" supplied by the Director-General of Prisons, and no other instrument shall be used. 47. The Director of the prison has the power of inflicting corporal punishment to the number of twelve lashes on a prisoner for offences committed against prison discipline according to Rule 45. 48. A prisoner who has once been flogged, being guilty of repeating the offence, may be administered corporal punishment to the extent of not more than twenty-four lashes. 49. The Director-General of Prisons when himself present may order the number of lashes to be increased to not more than thirty-six. 50. In all cases the circumstances under which a flogging is inflicted and the number of strokes given is to be immediately reported to the Director-General of prisons, and by him to the Government. (Signed) H. CROOKSHANK. Instructions to Inspectors of Prisons, Directors, Chief Warders, Warders, and Porters. Inspectors of Prisons. 1. Each Inspector will visit every part of the prison, and see that it is kept in good order, and will constantly call the attention of the Director to the necessity of ascertaining that security is in all parts duly provided for. 2. He will inspect the prisoners in their cells, and at their work, and will give every prisoner an opportunity of making complaints or representations. 3. He will inspect the officials, and see that they are clean and neat in their persons, and that they thoroughly understand their duty. 4. He will inspect all registers and other books used in the prison, and will report to the Director-General any irregularities he may observe. 5. He will see that all orders and other rules respecting the prisoners and their labour are duly carried out. . Director. 1. He is alone responsible for the prisoners and employés in the prison. 2. He is responsible for the proper performance of all prison rules laid down by the Director-General of Prisons. 3. He will reside in the prison, and no employé will leave the prison without his orders. 4. He will inspect every part of the prison at least twice a-day, and occasionally during the night, and will see that the prison rules are properly carried out. 5. He will personally superintend the admission and discharge of prisoners. 6. He is responsible for the proper discipline of the prisoners, and that the security of all points is duly provided for. 7. He will inspect the warders daily and see that they are clean and neat in person, and that they thoroughly understand their duties. 8. He will forward to the Head-quarter Office every fifteen days complete lists (Forms A, B, C) of all prisoners in prison and those discharged during that period. 9. He will keep a daily record in his office of the number of prisoners in his charge and those in hospital, the list to be classified under the headings males, females, and whether convicted or unconvicted. 10. He will interest himself in the prisoners under his care, will ascertain all that he can about their case, and give them every opportunity of making complaints or representations to him to be forwarded to the Director-General. 11. He will not allow any Petition or other written communication to the authorities to leave the prison without having previously received his sanction. 12. He will supply all officials with a printed copy of the Rules and Regulations. Chief Warder. 1. He shall reside in the prison, and thoroughly acquaint himself with the Rules. 2. He shall be assistant to the Director on all occasions, and carry into effect his instructions, and see that the orders he receives are strictly obeyed. 3. He shall frequently visit the prisoners in their cells and at their work, and see that they are kept steadily at their labour. 4. He shall see that all Rules and Regulations are strictly adhered to, and shall report immediately to the Director any neglect or misconduct that come to his knowledge. 5. He shall see that the warders and other servants are fully instructed in their particular duties, and forward the required daily Reports and Returns in the proper manner. 6. He shall inspect every part of the prison and bedding, and see that they are clean and in good order. 7. He shall see that the prisoners are all securely locked up for the night, and will deliver up the keys after his evening visit to the Director; and he will make such occasional inspections during the night as the Director may order. 8. He shall receive and sign daily the Returns of the number of rations required for the day, and compare them with the number of prisoners and gaolers receiving bread, and he will personally superintend their distribution. 9. He shall be in charge of the magazine containing the prison property and the effects of prisoners, and shall give his particular attention to all matters of detail connected with the interior economy of the prison. 10. On no occasion shall he leave the prison during the temporary absence of the Director, or during the presence of the Director without his permission. 11. During the absence of the Director the charge of the prison will be taken over by the chief warder. 12. He shall lose no time in communicating to the Director every circumstance which may come to his knowledge likely to affect the safety or health of the |