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Tampico and thence to Vera Cruz. In January, 1839, he returned to Norfolk, where he remained unemployed, except on courts-martial, until December, 1840, when his wife died. On Feb. 22, 1841, he was ordered to the Delaware, and on Sept. 27, 1841, was promoted to the rank of commander. He commanded the sloop of war Decatur in South American waters, 1842, was relieved early in 1843, and on Dec. 26, 1843, was married to Virginia, daughter of William Loyall of Norfolk, Va. In April, 1844, he was made executive officer of the receiving ship Pennsylvania, at Norfolk, and was later transferred to the Norfolk navy yard, where he was stationed at the outbreak of the Mexican war. At the beginning of the difficulties he made application for service in the gulf, but it was not until after repeated attempts that he was sent in February, 1847, in command of the Santiago to operate with the squadron of Commodore Conner against Vera Cruz. He did not reach the station, however, until after Commodore Perry had assumed command and the land forces under Scott had captured the place. He here contracted yellow fever; complained to the department at Washington of unfair treatment from Commodore Perry, and was ordered home with the Saratoga, arriving in February, 1848, and at once resuming his position at the Norfolk navy yard. In 185152 he was employed in Washington in helping to draw up a book of ordnance regulations for the navy, and he meanwhile attended regularly the lectures at the Smithsonian institution. August, 1854, he was ordered to California as first commandant of the navy yard at Mare Island, and planned and built up the yard, remaining there four years. On Sept. 14, 1855, he was promoted captain, then the highest grade in the U.S. navy. He commanded the Brooklyn, 1858-60, and was on waiting orders at Norfolk, 1861, when the civil war broke out and he reported at Washington for assignment to active duty, but was ordered to Brooklyn, N. Y., as a member of the retiring board. In 1862 he was placed in command of an expedition planned to co-operate with the army in opening the Mississippi river and capturing New Orleans. He sailed on the Hartford, flag-ship, from Hampton Roads, Feb. 2, 1862, and gathering together six sloops-of-war, sixteen gunboats and twenty-one mortar boats with five inferior coalers and barges, carrying in all 200 guns, without a single iron-clad or armored vessel, he reached the forts below New Orleans, April 24, 1862, and at once proceeded to engage Fort Jackson and Fort St. Philip simultaneously by dividing his fleet in two divisions. He encountered besides the fire from the forts, a formidable iron-clad ram, the Manassas, a fire-raft, and a chain stretched across the

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channel. His progress was also disputed by shore batteries and armed river crafts consisting of gunboats, cotton-boats and rams. He met the combined force, one after another giving way before the guns of the Federal fleet, and he reached New Orleans, April 25, 1862, and captured the city. He had lost 37 men killed, 147 wounded and the gunboat Varuna sunk. On June 28, 1862, he ran the batteries of Vicksburg and with eight of his wooden vessels joined Commodore Davis's fleet of iron-clads above the city, He ran the batteries of Vicksburg again on his return, July 15, and on July 16, 1862, he was commissioned rear-admiral, receiving at the same time a vote of thanks from congress for his gallantry in passing Forts Jackson and St. Philip. He ran the batteries at Port Hudson, opened communication with Flag-Officer David D. Porter, son of his foster-father, and assisted in the reduction of the place, July 9, 1863, when he turned over the command of the western squadron to Rear-Admiral Porter. He was on leave of absence till January, 1864, when he was ordered to make a reconnoissance of the Confederate defences of Mobile bay with the design of capturing the city. His report to the government was to the effect that with a single iron-clad gunboat and a land force of 5000 men, he could take the city. He then prepared a fleet of fourteen wooden vessels with the Hartford as flag-ship, and four iron-clads, the Tecumseh and Manhattan, seagoing monitors, and the Winnebago and Chickasaw, two river monitors, built in St. Louis. The bay was defended by Fort Morgan with 38 heavy guns; Fort Gaines; Fort Powell; the Confederate Tennessee, a broadside iron-clad, 209 feet long and 48 feet wide, with sloping sides, fitted with a ram and armed with four six-inch rifles and two seven-inch rifles; three wooden gunboats; a line of piles to the edge of the channel and a tiiple line of contact torpedoes across the channel to within 100 yards of Fort Morgan. In the attack, begun at early dawn, Aug. 5, 1864, the Brooklyn led the way, the Hartford taking the second place in the column with the Metacomet on her port. Of the monitors forming the second column, the Tecumseh led, and as it passed the fort Captain Craven fired two shots at the fort and the two columns moved forward five minutes before seven, the Brooklyn receiving the first fire from Fort Morgan and replying with her bow guns; this was followed by a general engagement between the monitors and the fort. Farragut took his position in the port main rigging of the Hartford, while Captain Jouett was near at hand, standing on the wheelhouse of the Metacomet The pilot was in the maintop of the Hartford so as to see over the smoke, and Farragut mounted step by step for a like purpose, till he stood near

the maintop. Captain Drayton, seeing the danger of the admiral being thrown to the deck by a sudden lurch, ordered a sailor aloft with lashing with which he secured the admiral to the shrouds. The Tecumseh was within two hundred

THE HARTFORD AND TENNESSEE IN MOBILE BAY AU0.5.1854. FARRABUT IN THE RIGGING.

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yards of the Tennessee and five hundred yards ahead of the Hartford when Farragut from his outlook saw the monitor reel, lurch and go down head foremost. A torpedo had exploded by contact with her hull. The gallant Craven went down with his ship, as did most of the crew. The Brooklyn backed down to the starboard bow of the flag-ship; the Manhattan had passed ahead; the Winnebago and Chickasaw were abreast of the Hartford, Brooklyn and Metacomet. The Brooklyn was ordered to go ahead but failed to move, and the Hartford and Metacomet by a dexterous movement passed close under the stern of the Brooklyn. With an exclamation, Damn the torpedoes!" given in response to the warning of danger such as had already lost to the navy the Tecumseh and her crew, Admiral Farragut gave the order, "Four bells? Captain Drayton, go ahead! Jouett, full speed!" and the Hartford and Metacomet crossed the torpedo line five hundred yards from Mobile Point, and Mobile bay was unlocked to the Union fleet. Meanwhile the Hartford was being terribly punished by the guns from the fort and Admiral Buchanan ordered the Tennessee to ram the flag-ship, which order failed of execution through the dexterous movement of the helm of the Hartford, and the Tennessee turned back to meet the oncoming wooden vessels of the invading fleet, which she passed, exchanging shots with each in turn. The Monongahela gave the Confederate ram a glancing blow with her prow. The order was then given by Farragut to pursue the enemy and destroy the fleet, but a thick rainsquall enabled them to escape under the guns of the fort. At half-past eight, three hours after the first signal and an hour and a half after the action began, the Hartford was at anchor four miles above Fort Morgan and the crew was sent to breakfast. While so engaged the Tennessee left the protecting fort and made for the fleet.

Farragut directed the remaining monitors to attack the Tennessee and the wooden vessels to charge the ram bows on at full speed and to use their guns only as the ships swung into position. The Hartford's anchor hanging to the water edge struck the Tennessee and the two vessels passed, scraping their respective sides, the Hartford discharging seven nine-inch guns at close range against the sloping sides of the Tennessee without effect. The admiral mounted the port mizzenrigging to watch the encounter and both the Lackawanna and the Hartford made a circuit to get a position, when a collision between the two vessels cut the Hartford to within two feet of the water line. At this moment the monitor came up and gave fight to the Confederate ram. Admiral Buchanan was struck by an iron splinter which broke his leg and he turned over the command of the ram to Captain Johnston, who soon afterward hauled down the Confederate flag. The same night Fort Powell was abandoned and blown up; on August 7 Fort Gaines surrendered, and on the 23d Fort Morgan capitulated. The loss on the flag ship was twenty-five killed and twenty-eight wounded out of a company of three hundred. The Brooklyn had eleven killed and forty-three wounded and the total loss to the Federal fleet in the battle was three hundred thirty-five killed, one hundred thirteen of whom went down with the Tecumseh. The Tennessee was a factor in the fight for three hours. Far. ragut remained in the bay till November, but advised against taking the city and recommended maintaining a strict blockade. On Nov. 30, 1864, he sailed from Pensacola, and reached New York Dec. 12, 1864, with the Hartford. The citizens of New York presented the admiral with the sum of $50,000 with which to purchase a home in that city, and on Dec. 22, 1864, congress created the grade of vice-admiral of the navy and the President nominated Rear-Admiral Farragut to the position. On July 25, 1865, congress further honored the hero of Mobile Bay by creating the grade of admiral and the senate unanimously confirmed his nomination to the position and rank, which was held subsequently by David Dixon Porter and George Dewey. He commanded the European squadron, 1867-69, visited California in 1869, and in January, 1870, he performed his last public service in command of the naval force participating in the obsequies of George Peabody at Portland, Maine. In the summer of 1870 he became the guest of RearAdmiral Pennock, then commandant of the navy yard at Portsmouth, N.H., and he died there, surrounded by his family and friends. His body was sent to New York, where the final and public funeral ceremonies were held on September 30, President Grant, the members of the

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cabinet, many military and naval officers, ten thousand soldiers and a large number of military and civic organizations forming the procession. The government erected to his memory a colossal bronze statue in Farragut square, Washington, executed by Miss Vinnie Ream (afterward Mrs. Vinnie Ream Hoxie), and a statue of the admiral by St. Gaudens was

FARRAGUT MONUMENT.

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square, New York city.

See The Life of David Glasgow Farragut by his son Loyall (1879); by Alfred T. Mahan (1892). Farragut received a place in the Hall of Fame for Great Americans, Oct. 1900. He died in Portsmouth, N. H., Aug. 14, 1870.

twice married, his second wife being Eliza Ware,
daughter of Benjamin Rotch of New Bedford,
Mass., and the author of several books. Brown
university conferred upon him the degree of
LL.D. in 1833. He was vice-president of the
American academy of arts and sciences and
contributed to several scientific periodicals.
While a professor at Harvard he published a
translation of Lacroix's " Elements of Algebra
(1818), for the use of his pupils. This was fol-
lowed by translations from Legendre, Boit and
Bezant, and these text-books were adopted by
Harvard and the U.S. military academy. He died
in Cambridge, Mass., May 8, 1853.

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FARRAR, Timothy, jurist, was born in Concord, Mass., June 28, 1747; son of Samuel and placed in Mad- Lydia (Barrett) Farrar. He was graduated from Harvard in 1767, taught school for two years, and removed to New Ipswich, N.H., where he engaged in agriculture and in teaching school. He held various town offices and in 1775 received from the Revolutionary government the commission of judge of the court of common pleas and also that of major of militia. He was a member of the convention for forming a more complete state constitution, from 1778 to 1782, and was a member of the council from 1779 to 1784. In 1791 he was transferred to the superior bench and in 1802 was appointed chief justice, but held the office only a few months. He was reinstated as judge of the court of common pleas and in 1813 was appointed chief justice, serving until 1816. He was married in 1779 to Anna, daughter of Capt. Edmund Bancroft of Pepperell, Mass. Harvard gave him the degree of LL.D. in 1847. He'died in Hollis, N.H., Feb. 20, 1849.

FARRAR, Edgar Howard, lawyer, was born in Concordia Parish, La., June 20, 1849. He was prepared for college at Baton Rouge and was graduated at the University of Virginia in 1871, with the degree of M. A. He studied law at the University of Louisiana, was admitted to the bar in 1873, and practised in New Orleans. In 1880 he was appointed corporation counsel for the city of New Orleans, having for two years previous been an assistant. In 1882 he was selected by Paul Tulane to act as one of the trustees of the fund of over a million dollars to found a university in Louisiana, which, by consolidation with the state university, became known as the Tulane university. He was for some years chairman of the executive committee of the committee of one hundred, organized for the purpose of reforming the municipal government of New Orleans. When the Mafia troubles arose in 1890, he was appointed chairman of the committee of safety formed to prosecute the assassins of the chief of police and to uproot the lawless societies. He led the campaign in 1892 which defeated the proposition to extend the charter of the Louisiana lottery company for twenty-five

years.

FARRAR, John, educator, was born in Lincoln, Mass., July 1, 1779; son of Deacon Samuel Farrar of Lincoln, Mass. He was graduated from Harvard in 1803 and studied theology at Andover. He was tutor in Greek at Harvard, 1805-07, and Hollis professor of mathematics and natural philosophy, 1807-36, resigning in the latter year on account of ill health. He was

FARRAR, Timothy, jurist, was born in New Ipswich, Mass., March 17, 1788; son of Judge Timothy and Anna (Bancroft) Farrar. He was graduated from Dartmouth in 1807 and was admitted as an attorney in 1810. He practised in New Ipswich until 1813, when he became the law partner of Daniel Webster in Portsmouth, N.H. In 1822 he removed to Hanover, N. H., where he continued his practice and also filled the positions of secretary, treasurer and librarian of Dartmouth college. He was judge of the court of common pleas, 1824-33. In 1836 he went to Exeter, N.H., and became cashier of the Exeter bank, which position he held until 1844, when he removed to Boston, Mass. He was vice-president of the New England historic, genealogical society, 1853-58. He was married in 1817 to Sarah, daughter of William Adams of Portsmouth, N. H. Dartmouth gave him the degree of LL.D. in 1867. He died in Boston, Mass., Oct. 27, 1874.

FARRELL, James Charles, journalist, was born at Albany, N.Y., March 24, 1870; son of John H. Farrell. He attended St. John's college,

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