Page images
PDF
EPUB

522,500,000 gold marks to be deferred. At the end of the period, therefore, France would owe a total of 2,707,500,000 gold marks, together with simple interest at the rate of 5 per cent. per annum.

Leaving out of account the complication of interest, France is to liquidate this debt in ten equal annual instalments of 270,750,000 gold marks, subject to certain conditions, and the effect of these conditions must be stated with the aid of further hypothetical figures. Let it be assumed that the amount of Germany's annual reparation obligation and the amount of France's Annex deliveries remain constant, and let it further be assumed that France continues to call for Agreement deliveries to the value of 500,000,000 gold marks a year. France will then be debited for the year 1926-27 with 450,000,000 gold marks for Annex deliveries, 270,750,000 gold marks for the earlier Agreement deliveries, and 225,000,000 gold marks, being 45 per cent. of the current year's Agreement deliveries, making in all a total of 945,750,000 gold marks. She will have paid off 270,750,000 gold marks, but have incurred a fresh debt of 275,000,000 gold marks. She will then owe 4,250,000 gold marks more on the 1st May 1927 than she owed on the 1st May 1926. This process might continue until 1st May 1936.

Should the Agreement deliveries continue on a higher scale, France's debt would be more heavily increased in proportion. Let it be assumed, for example, that the Agreement deliveries in the year in question amounted to a value of 900,000,000 gold marks. France cannot be called upon to pay more in a year than one milliard. She will have to pay in respect of Annex deliveries and previous Agreement deliveries a total of 720,750,000 gold marks. It follows, therefore, that not more than 279,250,000 gold marks out of 900,000,000 gold marks, which represent the hypothetical value of that year's Agreement deliveries, will be paid for, leaving a total of 620,750,000 gold marks to carry forward, and an increase in France's debt of 350,000,000 gold marks.

The results might be indefinitely varied by choosing different figures for any one of the factors which enters into the problem. It is perhaps unnecessary, however, for the sake of seeing the effect of the agreement, to vary the above hypotheses in more than one respect. It is desirable to consider the effect on the above calculations of a decrease whether by reason of an actual German default or through a postponement regularly accorded by the Reparation Commission under Article 234 of the treaty, in the amount effectively paid by Germany on reparation account in any one year.

Let it be assumed, for instance, that Germany pays on reparation account in the year 1922-23 only 1,000,000,000 gold marks, of which France is entitled to 520,000,000 gold marks. She cannot be debited in that year with more than 520,000,000 gold marks, and she is automatically debited to the extent of 450,000,000 gold marks for Annex deliveries. Credit will therefore be given to Germany for no more than 70,000,000 gold marks in respect of Agreement deliveries, leaving a deferred payment of no less than 880,000,000

gold marks effectively paid to France by Germany and not available for distribution among the other Allies before, at the earliest, 1926-27. A continued failure by Germany to pay on account of reparation the amount contemplated at the beginning of these calculations would proportionately increase the amount deferred and therefore the size of the ten annual instalments which, subject always to the conditions indicated above, begin to be credited to Germany after 1st May 1926. Continued failure on Germany's part after May 1926, combined with the continued operation of the Agreement deliveries, would result in a more and more rapid accumulation of French indebtedness in the subsequent period for which no means of liquidation is provided.

It remains necessary to draw attention to one subsidiary point of a financial character under the schedule of payments. Part of Germany's annual reparation liability consists of the payment of 26 per cent. of the value of German exports in each period of twelve months, and part of the security for the payment consists of the proceeds of a levy of 25 per cent. on the value of all German exports. The French Government has undertaken to support a request, to be submitted by the German Government to the Reparation Commission, for the inclusion in the exports which form the basis of these calculations of that part only of the value of the deliveries made under the agreement which is credited to Germany and debited to France during any particular year.

If it can be assumed that any part of the special deliveries to be made under the agreement would, in the absence of the agreement, have been diverted to Germany's ordinary external trade, then the concession desired will have the effect of diminishing the annual payments made by Germany for the benefit of the Allies as a whole.

CHRONICLE OF INTERNATIONAL EVENTS

FOR THE PERIOD MAY 16-AUGUST 15, 1922

(With references to earlier events not previously noted.)
WITH REFERENCES

Abbreviations: Adv. of peace, Advocate of peace; B. I. I. I., Bulletin de l'Institut Intermediaire International; Bd. of Trade J., Board of Trade Journal (London); Bundesbl., Switzerland, Bundesblatt; Clunet, Journal du droit international; Cmd., Great Britain, Parliamentary papers; Commerce Reports, U. S. Commerce reports; Cong. Rec., Congressional Record; Contemp. R., Contemporary Review; Costa Rica, Ga., La Gaceta; Cuba. B.O.Sec. de Estado, Boletin Oficial de la Secretaria de Estado; Cur. Hist., Current History (New York Times); D.G., Diario do Governo (Portugal); D.O., Diario oficial (Brazil); Deutsch. Reichs., Deutscher Reichsanzeiger; E. G., Eidgenossiche gesetzblatt (Switzerland); Edin. Rev., Edinburgh Review; Europe, L'Europe Nouvelle; Evening Star (Washington); Figaro, Le Figaro (Paris); G. B. Treaty series, Great Britain, Treaty series; Ga. de Madrid, Gaceta de Madrid; G. U., Gazetta Ufficiale (Italy); Guatemalteco, El Guatemalteco; I. L. O. B., International Labor Office Bulletin; J. O., Journal officiel (France); L. N. M. S., League of Nations, Monthly Summary; L. N. O. J., League of Nations, Official Journal; L. N. T. S., League of Nations, Treaty series; Lond. Ga., London Gazette; Monit., Moniteur Belge; Nation (N. Y.); N. Y. Times, New York Times; Naval Inst. Proc., U. S. Naval Institute Proceedings; P. A. U., Pan American Union Bulletin; Press Notice, U. S. State Dept. Press Notice; Proclamation, U. S. State Dept. Proclamation; R. G. D. I. P., Revue Générale de Droit International Public; Reichs G., Reichs-Gesetzblatt (Germany); Rev. int. de la Croix-Rouge, Revue international de la Croix-Rouge; Staats, Netherlands Staatsblad; Staatscourant, Nederlandsche Staatscourant; Temps, Le Temps (Paris); Times, The Times (London); Wash. Post, Washington Post.

July, 1921

21 BELGIUM-NETHERLANDS. Workmen's compensation convention, signed at The Hague, Feb. 9, 1921, promulgated in Belgium. Text: Monit., May 28, 1922, p. 3982.

November, 1921

12

BELGIUM-GERMANY.

Ratifications exchanged of the agreement concerning art. 312 of Versailles treaty, signed at Aix-la-Chapelle, July 9, 1920. Reichs G., 1922, teil 2, p. 73.

February, 1922

22

BELGIUM-FRANCE. Convention concerning reparation regulations signed Oct. 25, 1921, promulgated in Belgium. Text: Monit., July 13, 1922, p. 4958.

April, 1922

1

FRANCE-SWITZERLAND. Telephone tax agreement, signed Jan. 18-24, 1922, came into force. E. G., May 10, 1922, p. 361.

April, 1922

4

6

8

12

13

17

18

25

25

25

25

BELGIUM-EGYPT.

Protocol signed Aug. 10, 1921, modifying commercial convention of June 24, 1891, promulgated by Belgium. Monit., Aug. 6, 1922, p. 5608.

AUSTRIA-UNITED STATES. President Harding signed S. J. Res. 160 relating to deferment of certain liens held by the United States against Austria. Cong. Rec., Apr. 1, 1922, p. 5598.

CHINA. President of Chinese Republic issued mandate creating the "Washington Conference Commission" to assist in carrying into effect the various resolutions and instruments enacted at Washington conference. Press notice, June 20, 1922.

CHILE-GREAT BRITAIN. Denunciation of various slave traffic conventions became effective. Lond. Ga., July 28, 1922, p. 5592. AUSTRIA-GERMANY. Ratifications exchanged of the treaty signed at Berlin, Aug. 17, 1921, concerning the affairs of war injured and survivors. Reichs G., 1922, teil 2, p. 76.

ITALY-SWITZERLAND. St. Gothard railroad convention, signed at Berne, Sept. 24, 1921, promulgated in Italy. Text: G. U., May 30, 1922, p. 1265.

SPAIN SWITZERLAND. Customs tariff convention concluded. Text
of attached schedules: Bd. of Trade J., May 11, 1922, p. 515.
ARGENTINA-CHILE. Convention signed at Santiago, providing
transandine connections between the two countries. P. A. U.,
August, 1922, p. 189.

GERMANY-SWITZERLAND. Ratifications of arbitration treaty of
Dec. 3, 1921 exchanged at Berne. Reichs G., 1922, teil 2, p. 104.
GREAT BRITAIN-NORWAY. Denunciation became effective of slave
trade treaty of Nov. 6, 1824 and additional article of June 15, 1835.
Lond. Ga., June 13, 1922, p. 4466.

27-29 GREAT BRITAIN-UNITED STATES. African slave trade treaty, signed at Washington, Apr. 7, 1862, additional articles of Feb. 16, 1863 and June 3, 1870, denounced by Gt. Britain on Apr. 27, and accepted by United States on Apr. 29. Lond. Ga., June 27, 1922, p. 4814.

28

29

BRAZIL-PERU. Extradition treaty signed Feb. 13, 1919, ratified by Peru. P. A. U., Sept., 1922, p. 301.

DOMINICAN REPUBLIC SPAIN. Parcel post convention, signed by Spain on Nov. 17, 1921 and by Dominican Republic, Apr. 17, 1922, ratified by Dominican Republic. P. A. U., August, 1922, p. 190.

May, 1922

1

BELGIUM-GREAT BRITAIN. Reciprocal agreement concerning maritime inspection, promulgated in Belgium. Monit., June 4, 1922, p. 4159.

May, 1922

1

BELGIUM-JAPAN. Reciprocal agreement concerning maritime inspection promulgated in Belgium. Monit., June 12-13, 1922, p. 4275.

1 DENMARK-GREAT BRITAIN. Convention signed in London renewing for five years the arbitration convention of Oct. 25, 1905. G. B. Treaty ser., no. 12, 1922. Cmd. 1744. SWEDEN-UNITED STATES. Parcel post convention, signed at Washington, Apr. 17, 1922 and Stockholm, Mar. 24, 1922, ratified by the United States. Month. catalogue U. S. pub. doc., June 1922, p. 777. GREAT BRITAIN SWEDEN. Denunciation became effective of slave trade treaty of Nov. 6, 1824 and additional article of June 15, 1835. Lond. Ga., June 13, 1922, p. 4466.

4

6

8

9

11

12

12

GREAT BRITAIN LITHUANIA. Arrangement for commercial reci-
procity concluded by exchange of notes. Text of notes: Bd. of
Trade J., June 8, 1922, p. 638. G. B. Treaty ser., 1922, no. 9.
GERMANY-UNITED STATES. Patent convention of Feb. 23, 1909
again came into force in accordance with provisions of peace treaty
of Aug. 25, 1921. Reichs G., 1922, teil 2, p. 132.
GREAT BRITAIN-NETHERLANDS. Denunciation became effective of
slave trade treaty of May 4, 1818, additional articles of Dec. 31,
1822, Jan. 25, 1823, Feb. 7, 1837 and Aug. 31, 1848. Lond. Ga.,
June 13, 1922, p. 4467.

GREAT BRITAIN ITALY. Agreement respecting graves of British
soldiers in Italy signed at Rome. Text: G. B. Treaty ser., 1922,
no. 8.

ITALY-POLAND. Commercial convention signed at Genoa amplify-
ing that of Aug. 23, 1921. Summary: Bd. of Trade J., July 27,
1922, p. 99; Commerce repts., Aug. 14, 1922, p. 480.
LEAGUE OF NATIONS. COUNCIL. Passed resolution at its 18th
session requesting Permanent Court of International Justice to
give advisory opinions relating (1) to nomination of Netherlands
Delegate to Third International Labor Conference (2) to compe-
tence of International Labor Office in agricultural questions.
L. N. O. J., June, 1922, p. 527.

14(?) FRANCE-POLAND. Four conventions, political, commercial, petroleum and private property, ratified by Polish Diet. Temps, May 15, 1922, p. 2.

[blocks in formation]

16

Commercial convention concluded at Berne.

Text: Ga. de Madrid, May 17, 1922, p. 634.

FRANCE-POLAND. Convention, signed at Warsaw, Oct. 14, 1920,

relative to social aid and care, ratified by France. J. O., May 17, 1922, p. 5078.

« PreviousContinue »