islands extending south and east of it all dotted with missions. And between Japan and Australia, half encircling the Philippines, are mission stations in Java and neighboring islands, in Singapore and Penang one the continent, and in all the great seaport cities of China. Of Methodist missions Canton, Hong Kong, and Foochow are but two or three days distant, and Singapore is nearer to Manila than to Calcutta. It is not strange, therefore, that some of the missionaries can scarce restrain their eager feet as they stand tiptoe with expectation. Bishop Thoburn is providentially in England, laboring in the interest of his Indian missions; but his throbbing heart transports him to his mission home, and with the vision of a Christian prophet he looks across from Singapore to the opening Philippine fields and sends his call to American Christians to be ready to thrust in the sickle. He writes:

If I could by any possibility do so, I would be in Manila at the earliest possible day after the cessation of hostilities. A large Chinese population is settled in the islands, and as in Penang, Singapore, and all over the Malay peninsula, so now in Manila the Chinamen will be extremely anxious to have their sons taught the English language. A self-supporting mission could be established there in a year or two at a very slight expense. We ought to see in the startling events of these wonderful days the hand of God, and hear the divine voice commanding the Christian people of that nation which has in so strange a way become responsible for the astonishing change of the past few weeks, to rise up in their strength, enter into this fruitful field, and take possession of it in the name of the Lord.

Outlook (Ind.), New York

No land has been opened by explorers which has not been immediately entered by the representatives of some of the missionary societies of the world. The question is already asked in many circles as to the duty of American Christians to the Philippines. One church, the Presbyterian at Yonkers, of which Dr. George F. Pentecost is pastor, has already raised a thousand dollars to send the first missionary. A special committee has been named by the Presbyterian board to consider what shall be done by that denomination. The Methodists, under the lead of Bishop Thoburn, of India, are also agitating the same question. The spirit which prompts this inquiry is worthy of all commendation; but is it not time to call a halt, and to insist that a different course shall be followed? Instead of what will look to the world like rivalry among the denominations in preparing to enter this new field for their efforts, why should not the representatives of the various missionary societies meet in conference, and fairly and honestly consider the question as to how best to do the work which surely will need to be done? It is a matter of no consequence whether the natives are taught about Christ by Presbyterians or Methodists, Baptists or Congregationalists; but it is a matter of supreme importance that they shall not be confused, as the natives of other lands have been, by what, to say the least, seems like denominational rivalry where there ought to be perfect coöperation and unity.

Ritualism and Politics

London Correspondent New York Times, June 25

Sir William Vernon Harcourt, after some tiresome years of alternately encouraging and depressing those who wanted to make him party chief and the next liberal prime minister, has finally, I fancy, disposed of his last remaining chances. The government had on for this week the bill regulating the sale of church patronage. A tedious old evangelical crank, named Samuel Smith, seized the opportunity to drag in an attack on the ritualistic practices of the church, which, coming from him. would ordinarily have passed unnoticed, but to the general amazement Sir William jumped into the fray in a long detailed and passionate assault upon these "Romish innovations" in the established church. His own party unreflectingly cheered his points as he made them, and in an hour the subject which nobody but Smith really cared about became a burning partisan issue, filling the parliamentary week with the most exciting scenes of the session. Upon reflection, however, the Radicals are disgusted with their own precipitancy and furious with Sir

William. In the first place, they for the most part are not churchmen at all, and it was none of their business to interpose between the high and low parties, whose irreconcilable dissensions can only hasten the Radical desideratum of disestablishment. In the second place, Sir William talked very loosely about Catholicism, and though he now repudiates the interpretation, he certainly seemed at the time to be describing the Catholic ceremonials adopted by the ritualists as in themselves disgraceful and immoral. But of still greater importance I would point out the fact that the ritualistic section of the Church of England is the only one which has any true hold on the popular affection. It is full of earnest men and women, who actually live in poverty and devote their lives to a tireless work among the sick and the poorer classes in the big city with truly something of the medieval spirit. Moreover, many of these Anglican fathers, especially the younger ones, are far more in the advanced Radicals than Sir William Vernon Harcourt could ever be, and their movement is controlled by collective aspirations which sooner or later will find place in the Radical platform.

Leeds (Eng.) Mercury

Sir William Harcourt did not mince his words when he called the clergy, whose lawless conduct has made them so notorious. perjured priests." It says something for the tone of public life and for the ability of our legislators to appreciate the bearings of a plain moral question that not one word was uttered in the house of commons in defense of the dishonorable conduct of those clergy who openly teach and practice Romish doctrines in their privileged position in the state church, whose pay they are quite content to take, but whose faith they are so ready to abjure. Mr. Samuel Smith, the Liberal member for Flintshire, declared that the behavior of these disloyal priests had the effect of lowering the whole standard of truth and honor in the country; and this is a proposition that no fair-minded person can dispute. It can not be too often insisted upon that, as the bishop of Durham remarked at York convocation last week, the issue raised by the controversy now agitating England and its national church, is not one involving subtle points in theology. The question is simply that of a man's honor in promising one thing and doing another utterly inconsistent with his solemn pledge. London Correspondent New York Evening Post, July 2 Parliament and press this week have been seething with ecclesiastical disputes. The government have before the house of commons a benefices bill dealing with clerical misconduct, but leaving untouched their misconduct in departing from doctrine in the practice of the ritual laid down in the prayer-book for the state church. This bill has opened the floodgates of controversy on the ritualistic tendencies in the church. The bishop of Londen issued a pastoral prescribing the abandonment of Romish practices in Anglican churches. The offending clergymen declare that they will persist, while less moderate friends of the church have set the "no popery" cry in full swing. What the end of the crisis will be none can say. It may be that the church is approaching another such split as that of Newman's day. Some even go so far as to say the crisis brings disestablishment distinctly nearer.

Episcopal Recorder, Philadelphia

A member of parliament has given notice of the following resolution:

That, in view of the rapid spread of Roman Catholic doctrine and ritual in the Church of England, and the apparent inability of the bishops to grapple effectually with this evil, it is expedient that there should be appointed a royal commission to inquire fully into the subject and to report on the best means for maintaining the Protestant constitution of the church.

The growth of illegal practices is indicated by the following table, and it is a remarkable showing:

longer by many careful Christian scholars; and it may be well to state that the revision of these dates has nothing to do with higher criticism. The reason that it is no longer thought possible that the exodus was so early as 1491, the date calcuiated from certain round numbers in the books of Judges and Samuel, is that recent Egyptian discoveries have convinced nearly all students of the subject that the Pharaoh of the oppression was Rameses II, the great builder, who constructed by slave labor the treasure city Pithom. His reign is dated at 1348-1281. If it was under his son Merenptah II, or an early successor that the exodus occurred, its date would be in the first half of the thirteenth century. The date 1300 was of course named as a round figure; the general tendency is to place the exodus nearer 1200 than 1300. This is due solely to a study of Egyptian history. We should remember that the Bible does not give us a chronology, nor complete materials for one. It is not a serious objection to so late a date that the figures in the book of Judges if added together give a period of more than 400 years, while according to the newer theory the history there narrated must be compressed within little more than half that time. The judges were probably in many instances contemporaneous; and the frequently repeated phrase "forty years" may be merely a round number not to be taken exactly. As to the date of Rehoboam, which is placed somewhere between 930 and 940 by most chronologists, that is reached by a somewhat complicated reckoning backward from later times and comparison of the lengths of reigns in the two kingdoms. Fixed points in Hebrew chronology are determined by Assyrian history in the eighth and later centuries, but for the earlier dates there is meager material; and it is by no means certain that historians may not further revise their conclusions, perhaps in the direction of the older chronology. One way or the other, it is not a matter to disturb one's faith.

Various Topics

The American board of foreign missions has asked the Doshisha, the Japanese college which recently repudiated Christianity, to return the mission money given it.

Missionary Herald, Boston: In view of the vigorous and wellnigh unanimous condemnation by the churches and the whole public press of Japan of the action of the trustees of the Doshisha in changing the basis of that institution, it is not right to blame the Japanese people as a body for a fault which is chargeable to only a few.

Christian Register (Unit.), New York: The Zion's Herald notes it as a curious fact that the secular press is always on the side of an alleged heretic without any regard to the facts of the case." That is a sign of the times which the creed-makers will do well to consider. It shows that the practical sagacity of the business man will give its approval to the church when it shall break down the fences of its creeds.

Three persons, whose names will not be divulged, have subscribed a large sum of money toward the erection of a new Christian Scientist church in New York. One of them, who had been, he said, healed in an almost miraculous manner by Christian Science, gave $50,000. It is said all the money needed, $175,000, will come from the purses of the sick made well.

Living Church (Epis.), Chicago: A deputation of the church association, the society which in times past took the lead in ritual prosecutions, including the suit against the bishop of Lincoln. recently waited upon the bishop of London and received some common sense advice, which, we fear, was thrown away. The bishop said that in politics men on both sides held their own without calling their opponents traitors and trying to get at their throats, and he advised the deputation to do the same in religion.

Dr. Clark, the president of the United Society of Christian Endeavor, writing of the recent Glasgow convention in the Christian Endeavor World, Boston, says:

I have attended larger conventions, but even in size Glasgow, '98, ranks among the first dozen Christian Endeavor conventions Twenty thousand different people, it is thought, attended the meetings. It was the largest British Christian Endeavor convention ever held, and the largest religious convention of any kind ever assembled on Scotch soil. But it was more than big; it was great in power and significance.

The British expedition which was dispatched to the Sherboro district of Sierra Leone, owing to the massacre of American missionaries by natives, fought its way to Rotifunk and found the cremated bodies of the murdered missionaries, which, however, bore no traces of mutilation, as had previously been reported. The expedition severely punished the rebellious natives, but the search for Mrs. Cain, who fled to the bush at the time of the massacre, proved fruitless.

Christian Advocate (Meth.), New York: The Methodist Episcopal Church, South, at its recent convention, indorsed its temperance and philanthropic work, but declined to indorse its political attitude. This is the prevalent sentiment with regard to it in the United States. Upon no other subject have we received so many requests for counsel, as upon the propriety of allowing our churches to be used by the W. C. T. U. for meetings, the union in those places denouncing by tract and speeches two political parties, and advocating another by name.

Dr. H. Pereira Mendes, president of the recent Jewish orthodox convention, in the Independent:

This is not the place to make any disquisition upon orthodox or reform Judaism, except to allude briefly to the two phases in connection with the convention The convention alone occupies us. It was a bit of antiquity quickened into modern life, and showing the wonderful vigor, energy, strength, and adaptability which have in all ages given immortality to the race and to the religion, and which, far more than any modern adaptation of Judaism is likely to hand down the law which Moses commanded, as an inheritance to the congregation of Jacob." It was a significant event, and proves again what all must concede, and that is, that the race which has lived for thirty-two hundred years bids fair to live as many more.

Interior (Pres.), Chicago: The Episcopalians, one and all, from the most simple to the most learned, love and cherish their prayer book. It is a golden chain that binds them all together. In this they are as fortunate as we are unfortunate. Our Confession is as repellant to the mind which is untrained in theological distinctions as the prayer book is attractive. Ministers are usually careful to keep it out of the hands of applicants for membership. Where it is demanded it usually results in turning the applicant away. The necessity of a new, short, evangelical creed is becoming each year more pressing, and we will have it much sooner than superficial observers believe.

Christian Work (Ind.), New York: A young man, a candidate for the ministry and a graduate of Union seminary, had his application for license set aside by the New York presbytery last week, by a vote of twenty-six to twenty-five. The candidate was all right as to his character and scholarship, but in reply to inquiries, he stated that he believed in the general inspiration of the Bible, but on questions of general history he thought that the scriptures might be incorrect; whereupon the presbytery appointed a committee to counsel with the young man, and try to amend his views. The case may not, in its present stage, seem to call for especial comment; but we may say that the moderate course pursued by so conservative a presbytery as that of New York, as well as the close vote by which the action was taken, mean much:--a few years ago such an application would have been peremptorily and overwhelmingly refused.

ETTERS AND ART

The Charm of the Familiar Plot
WILLIAM L. ALDEN, in the New York Times

When will that venerable story of the discovery of a mysterious tribe of people dwelling in a city built principally of gold and precious stones ever be permitted to rest? Sometimes the city is in Africa, sometimes in Central America, sometimes at the south pole, and, according to the very latest information, it is now somewhere in Australia. It is not quite true to say that the mysterious city is always built of gold and diamonds and rubies, but it is invariably a wonderfully rich city, and since Mr. Rider Haggard wrote of " She" it is always ruled by a woman of surpassing beauty. It is absurd to say that because one novelist has written of the discovery of a mysterious city. another should not also write of it. Fiction, even when it is most original, is, after all, made up of conventions. There is not a more original writer than Mr. Anthony Hope, and there are few more delightful stories than his "Simon Dale," but the hook bristles with conventions. Take only one, the accidental overhearing by the hero of some very important matter. In real life a man very seldom overhears anything which proves to be to his advantage, but in “ Simon Dale,” as in thousands of other novels, the story would come to a dead halt if the hero did not do a little voluntary or involuntary eavesdropping at the necessary moment.

What some one has called "the long arm of coincidence" is stretched over most novels, and the reader can not help knowing that this is one of the tricks of the novelist's trade. In real life accidents are so many interferences with the lives of those to whom they happen. In novels they are of the very essence of the lives of the novelist's puppets. The world of the novelist is a conventional world, whether he call himself a realist or an idealist, and the novel reader who complains of a readable book that it is impossible in plot, or that its plot has been used

before, is a very unreasonable person. If a writer can tell an interesting story concerning a mysterious city in Africa, inhabited by white natives, dressed principally in gold and jewels, by all means let him tell it. We have met Mr. Stanley Wèyman's gallant Frenchman several times already, but we are only. the more anxious to meet him again. We have read of Mr. Clark Russell's cruel shipmaster and mutinous crew and beautiful young woman with an abnormal and intuitive knowledge of seamanship, but if we are readers who can appreciate a good story, we hope to meet those same interesting persons a score of times to come. It is doubtful if such a thing as an absolutely new story will ever be written, but that does not in the least lessen the certainty that thousands of readable novels will be written in the course of the twentieth century.

There are people who can read the very best books that were ever written over and over again, but as a rule they are not the most appreciative of readers. When a book makes an exceptionally powerful impression upon you it may, perhaps, be given a second reading at once, but after that you will not care to reread it. Whereas, a less powerful book can be reread at frequent intervals with perennial pleasure. This is part of the secret of the popularity of moderately good novels. The impression that they make upon the reader is not strong enough to endure for any length of time, and they are therefore reread with almost as much pleasure as if they were new. On the other hand, a single reading of one of Kipling's best stories fastens it in the memory so firmly that there does not seem to be any reason for rereading it. There is nothing in the conception of the mysterious city or the mutiny at sea that is sufficiently forcible to sink it deep into the memory, and, accordingly, when a writer asks us to accompany him to central Africa in search of the mysterious city, to sail with him on a merchant ship where the captain and mates are to be killed by mutineers, and the handsome young sailor passenger to be asked to take charge, we accept with alacrity.

The stealing of valuable jewels is another inexhaustible incident. The late Wilkie Collins is generally supposed to have patented the Indian variant of this story, in which the jewel is stolen from a temple and is searched for by astute Indians, who are ready to stick at nothing in order to recover it. But even the Wilkie Collins patent can not protect this story, and I read it only a short time ago in the guise of a prize story published in an American magazine. As for the unpatented plot of the theft of a jewel other than from a practicing heathen god, it is endlessly repeated. Mr. Bernard Capes's "Lake of Wine deals with a marvelous jewel, and deals with it in a way to interest the most hardened novel reader. The best of all stolen jewel stories was undoubtedly Stevenson's "Story of the Young Man in Holy Orders" in the first volume of the "New Arabian Nights." Who will ever forget the young man's effort to qualify himself as a criminal by reading Gaboriau? So long as the world finds delight in gems, so long will it love to read of superb diamonds that have been stolen, possibly for the reason that they are always far too valuable to be bought by any one.

Whatever institution is of collateral, if not direct, good should be at least acknowledged as a factor of beneficence to the commonweal; and in the history of the country we find that, in the main, this is so. The aim of the drama is to cultivate the imagination, and through this means to bring home to heart and mind the lessons which tend to advance the race. Imagination is one of the most potent factors of human progress. It stimulates effort: it enlarges the bounds of thought; it creates for the individual new bounds of possibility; it clears away the intellectual mists of sordid reality; it harmonizes the seeming divergencies in the great scheme of creation; it reconciles, by its restful change, poor humanity to the wearisome details of life; it brightens, invigorates, and freshens the jaded faculties. To the suffering it brings anodyne to pain; for the weary it creates possibilities of rest and

repose; to the vigorous it affords a healthy and noble stimulation, generous in aim, immeasurable in scope, and myriad in detail. Surely in the well-being of a nation all that tends to such a wholesome and useful end is of prime importance.

The theater must always be an indirect mechanism of teaching. Its work must be in the main transcendental; for mere realism is insufficient to stimulate the imagination or to rouse the sensibilities or the emotions. Now, in order to effect its object, the theater must be a piece of very complete and elaborate organization. In fact, an inner knowledge, of its working shows it to be one of the most difficult and varied pieces of modern mechanism of which human effort is capable. The mere study of the necessities and resources of theater art -the art of illusion-should give the theater as an educational medium a proper place in state economy. To cultivate sympathy-that sweetener of the toils and troubles of life, that high-souled helpmate of endeavor-to widen the understanding of it, to train the minds of the young to its beneficial exercise, and to stimulate in all high and unselfish feeling is a good office in the government of men. And for this end I say the theater ever makes.

The state should be jealously mindful for the true good of those institutions which have power to touch the hearts of the people-to hold their sentiments, to awake and stimulate their imagination, and so to aid in turning lofty thoughts into acts of equal worth. In this category the theater is an item of vast potentialities-a natural evolution of the needs and thoughts and wishes of the people-an institution which has progressed for good unaided by the state, and which in future should distinctly be in some degree encouraged by the state or by municipalities. How exactly this is to be accomplished remains to be seen, but of this I am sure, that the grave consideration of such questions as these in such a place as this is the forerunner of their ultimate settlement. What should be is ever the sure-footed forerunner of what is. Remember, I pray you, that you must no more judge an institution as to its final utility so long as it is existing under adverse or inadequate conditions than you should take an ill-reared or ignorant child as a type of the highest culture of which humanity is capable. Man, though made in the image of his Maker, is compact of many neutralizing excellencies and defects, and we must not expect from the kaleidoscopic groupings of such imperfect items a flawless work. As the theater must deal with the eternal conditions of humanity, so must it ever have weaknesses which result from human imperfection. But as humanity has its nobler part, so, too, the theater has capabilities of good which are as illimitable as the progress of man.

Sir Edward Burne-Jones

ARTHUR HOEBER, in Harper's Weekly, New York

It seems strange to associate the work and personality of the late Sir Edward Coley Burne-Jones with the busy, practical nineteenth century, to which he seemed foreign in every way. His compositions, his technique, and the life of the man himself were far removed from the times in which he lived, while his thoughts, inspirations, and methods were quite apart from those which actuated his contemporaries. He was somehow a survival, or perhaps a resurrection, of a bygone age, and he belonged back four hundred years. Not that Burne-Jones was behind his times. or that his work was lacking. On the contrary, he was in the front rank of his profession; he stood the test of the most severe criticism; he lived to down opposition to his work, and he died appreciated as few of his countrymen have been; and throughout his career, even when the general public had little comprehension of his aims and ambitions, he never for a moment lacked for practical approbation, holding always a faithful clientele which secured his work not only willingly, but gratefully, at large prices.

He was practically self-taught, though his intimacy with Rossetti resulted in his receiving many criticisms. In connection with other pictorial work, he began almost at once making designs for stained glass, and here his feeling for beauty, symbolism, and the intellectual rendering of legend, religious subject, and poetry found sympathetic outlet, and ever since these have been the thenes that have actuated his labors. He found himself at once in sympathy with the primitive Italians, and he was drawn most of all to Botticelli, who, though he never copied, was his evident inspiration. The types of femininity, the draperies, and the general sentiment of the works of the great Florentine attracted him and held him fascinated. But his men and

こん

humor and fire with which the music of this vagabond race may be credited. Gipsy music is a weed of the strangest form, color, and leafage; one hardly to be planted in any orderly garden.

When Hanslick heard him for the first time in Vienna in 1862, after Reményi's reported triumphs in England, North America, and Hungary, he declared him to be "a true artist-nature." He quoted with approval from the chapter on Reményi in Liszt's "Des Bohemiens et de leur musique en Hongrie." Liszt's remarks may be thus paraphrased: Reményi's ideal is the gipsy ideal with all its pride, its deep feeling of bitterness, its multiform and polychromatic dreaminess, its adorned dash. And yet, he pursues zealously the study of the classics. You might say that gipsy proper-pride drove him to this; because, delighting to be admired in the Chaconne, the fugues, the Tempo di Burra of Bach, the conertos of Spohr, the concerto of Mendelssohn, he then goes back to his Lassan and his Frischka with doubled spirit, as though he were saying to the audience, "See how much more beautiful this is than all that, which we gipsies, by the way, can also play!'

They do his memory grievous wrong who say lightly that Reményi was a charlatan. I knew him in the seventies, and I heard him talk about his art by the hour. Never did I hear one word from him-and he was an incessant talker-that made me suspect his sincerity, however grotesque, or violent, or paradoxical, or hair-raising his statements were. At times Reményi reminded me of the French abbé of the eighteenth century, polished, witty, and with a suspicion of slyness. Once he aroused in me one of those sensations to which Pougin refers. He was playing an arrangement of Chopin's nocturne in E flat major, and he produced a tone that took hold of the heart and caressed it; a tone that Israfil might well envy. Was he unusually emotional? Or was I in unusually receptive mood? I heard him often after that, yet never did a like tone make its straight and irresistible way from Reményi's violin to the sitter in-I was tempted to write-the seat of the scornful.

Various Topics

66

An attempt is being made in England to honor Miss Charlotte Yonge, author of "The Heir of Redclyffe," The Daisy Chain," etc., by the establishment of a memorial scholarship for girls, in the high school at Winchester. A fund of $30,000 is being raised for this object.

The hundredth anniversary of the Russian poet Pushkin is to be celebrated in Russia next year on a grand scale. The poet's maternal great-grandfather was a favorite negro of Peter the Great. The marriage of this black ancestor is the theme of one of the poet's stories.

An uncut copy of the first edition of "Waverley" went for £78 at the Ashburnham sale, and it is reported that after the sale £100 was offered for it and declined. About a twelvemonth after Sir Walter Scott's death the greater part of the manuscript of "Waverley" was sold for £18 ($90).

The grand medal of the salon has been awarded to M. Jean Jacques Henner, the veteran Alsatian painter, whose exhibits this year were the portrait of a young lady and a large picture representing the "Levite of Ephraim Visiting the Body of His Dead Wife." The honor was conferred on M. Henner by an overwhelming majority of his fellow-members of the Societe des artistes francais.

James M. Barrie, in an introduction to the works of the late Mrs. Oliphant: I wonder if there is among the younger Scottish novelists of to-day any one so foolish as to believe that he has a right to a stool near this woman, any one who has not experienced a sense of shame (and some rage at his heart) if he found that for the moment his little efforts were being taken more seriously than hers? I should like to lead the simple man by the ear down the long procession of her books.

Boston has now a municipal brass band and a municipal choral society. A few years ago, through the parsimony of the city council, the band concerts that were given every midsummer Sunday on the common were discontinued to the great discontent of the people. Mayor Quincy, who is noted for his original ideas, recently appointed a musical commission, composed of well-known musicians, which has successfully organized the department. A dispatch to the New York Sun says:

The success of the first band concert, and particularly the private success of the chorus, which originally was a tentative effort, have urged the mayor to further conquests. He has bought for $1,000 an organ that has lain idle in Mechanics hall for years, and will have it put up in the new gymnasium at Commonwealth park, South Boston. There the municipal chorus will practice, and, by and by, when the frost comes, it will give concerts in Faneuil hall, and, possibly, in the state armories. Meantime, now and then, it will raise its voice on the common. During the summer the municipal brass band will supply the accompaniment. During the winter the organ will come in handy. The purpose of the commissioners is to entertain the people of Boston with music all the year round.

00000000000000000000000202.

MISCELLANY

300000030 000 ano 2000000oooooooooooooooo000000

FFLEMING

The Biennial Convention of Women's Clubs The fourth biennial convention of women's clubs was held in Denver June 22-28. Over one thousand delegates were present, against five hundred at the last convention. The delegates were welcomed by Governor Adams, and the mayor of Denver, and were called to order by Mrs. Ellen M. Henrotin, of New York, president of the general federation of women's clubs. The many excellent speeches covered a remarkable variety of subjects. Some of these addresses, it is hoped, will be reproduced in PUBLIC OPINION. The condition of women workers was discussed in all its phases; so also the duty of club women toward the problem of child labor. Much attention was given to education, art, music, journalism, village improvement, etc. At the close of the convention Mrs. William B. Lowe, of Georgia, was chosen to succeed Mrs. Henrotin, the other candidate being Mrs. Alice Ives Breed, of Lynn, Mass. Mrs. Sarah S. Platt, of Denver, was chosen vicepresident.

THE GOVERNOR'S ADDRESS OF WELCOME

It is fitting that this great confederation of women's clubs should met in Colorado. While you are not a suffrage association and may not care to vote, the ultimate of your intellectual aspirations must be the elimination of sex from the statutes of equality. Colorado has added a soprano to the symphony of political liberty, and we offer our laws, our homes, schools, institutions as object lessons to those who would doubt the results of equality before the law. Woman suffrage needs not the defense of results; it is not a question of expediency, but of abstract justice. Yet no evil has come from the experiment. My testimony may be biased, for had I received no women votes some one else would have the pleasure of greeting you this morning. But to me there has come no just criticism of the participation of women in public affairs, no awaking from the fond dream that the union of the vigor, physical force, and courage of man with the higher moral and spiritual qualities of women will weave for our children a fairer destiny than has yet come to the race.

While here gather your own testimony. The state superintendent of schools is a woman, and no office in the state house is conducted with more ability. Half the county superintendents of Colorado are of the same sex, nearly all of the teachers are women, yet we challenge comparison with the public school system of any state in the union. Go into our homes and you will find, certainly, no more examples of heavy bread, of neglected duties and husbands, of ragged and unwashed children than in states where women's clubs and suffrage have not invaded. No fair, just man can look into the eyes of the mother who bore him, or the wife who guides the destiny of his own sons, and deny her any club or political right that is his.

If Mrs. Browning were living and in Colorado she would have no occasion to write of "women sobbing out of sight because men made the laws," for the influence of women's votes, and especially of the women's clubs, can mold-almost dictate any new legislation. Women may develop the arts of a statesman, but they can never be politicians. When their personal ambition is at issue they can not dissemble. Since our constitution women have voted in all school elections, and that is one department of government in which politics and venality have never found lodgment. What her influence has been in our school life is a hint of what it will be in every direction where morals and the public good are concerned. When the Israelites were broken with corruption and dissension God gave a woman to judge them; Deborah ruled them for forty years, and the Bible adds, "then they had rest." I have never been clear whether the rest came as a result of her rule, or because her reign was ended. But in our land, come rest or come dissension, Deborah is to reign. The women's liberation movement, which under the shadow of the Rocky Mountains has crystallized into legal enfranchisement, is not a transient impulse; we stand at its cradle, but few of us will live to see the limits it will reach. Liberty, when unchained