not be less than thirty nor more than sixty days from the time of posting the notices. The board of trustees preside at this election, canvass the votes cast, declare the result thereof, and file a certificate thereof, signed and sworn to by them in the office of the clerk of the village. A majority of the votes changes the day. The trustees of the village, after the first election of officers, are the inspectors of election for the village, and one or more of them preside at all elections. In case a trustee or the clerk be not present, the electors may appoint a chairman to preside, who has all the powers of an inspector. The return of every election after the elections as to incorporation is filed with the clerk of the village. The board of trustees meet at such times and place in the village as they, by resolution, direct. Special meetings may be called by the president or by the clerk, on the written request of two trustees, at such time and place as the written notice served on the trustees directs. This notice shall be served at least one hour before the time of meeting. The president, when present, presides and has a vote on all questions; in his absence, any trustee may be appointed president for the time. A majority of the board constitutes a quorum for transacting business. The trustees have the care, management, and control of the finances and property, and custody of the records and papers and seal belonging to the corporation, and may keep all buildings and other property of the corporation in repair and insured against damage or loss by fire. They have power, as to acts and matters within the corporate bounds, to make, publish, amend, and repeal rules, ordinances, and by-laws for the following purposes :To prevent vice, preserve the public peace and order, &c. To establish and maintain a police, prisons, lock-ups, &c., and to confine persons, &c. To apprehend and punish common prostitutes, vagrants, &c. To employ attorneys. To prevent encumbering the streets, &c. To prevent or regulate encroachments on streets, &c. To establish and maintain a public pound, &c. To restrain the running at large of cattle, &c. To provide for the lighting of streets, &c. To erect and maintain fire-engine houses, &c. at To provide for the purchasing and repairing of fire-engines, &c. To construct and maintain reservoirs and cisterns, and supply them with water for use fires; protect and preserve property at fires; establish fire limits; inspect chimneys, &c., &c. To regulate amusements. To regulate and prevent the running at large of dogs. To protect trees, remove snow, &c., compel the cleansing of streets, &c. To regulate swimming and bathing. To prevent immoderate driving, leaving horses untied, &c. To regulate the sale of meats, agri cultural products, &c., slaughterhouses, storage of gunpowder, &c. To compel the removal and abatement of public nuisances-the expenses of the village to be a lien upon the lot on or in front of which it was, and to enforce the collection thereof by leasing the premises, as prescribed for the collection of unpaid taxes. To prohibit or regulate exhibitions or performances for money or hire. To regulate hawking and peddling, auctions, hacks and public carriages. To regulate the use of candles, kerosene, or burning materials of any kind, and to control the construction of buildings, as to material, and as to proximity of wooden buildings, &c., penalty not to exceed $1000. To regulate and control and provide cemeteries. To keep roads, public buildings, &c., in good order; construct culverts and drains, make and repair bridges; regulate width, &c., of streets, &c.; pave, &c., roads, &c.; lay out and open new roads, &c.; drain stagnant waters, fill in low grounds, regulate water-courses, &c.; build sewers and assess the expense, &c. The amount of the benefit in any case where the expense is assessed is determined by the president and trustees, provided however that no property beyond | the limit of 175 feet from the line terminus of any such sewer is held liable to assessment; and provided that no sewer is constructed, except upon a written petition, signed by a majority of the persons whose property is liable to such assessment. Assessments for draining stagnant waters, filling in low grounds, and building sewers, are enforced and collected in the same manner as assessments for the annual village tax. To prevent the discharge of firearms, rockets, gunpowder, and fireworks, in the roads, &c., or in the vicinity of any public building. To make and establish by-laws, rules, and ordinances; pay the expenses of enforcement out of the corporate funds; and prescribe penalties not exceeding $100 for each offence; but all such by-laws, rules, and ordinances shall be posted in three public places in the village ten days before they shall take effect. The trustees have power to compel owners and occupants of land, or lots in front of and adjoining which a sidewalk is to be made or repaired, to make or repair as they may prescribe, and within a reasonable time, or themselves to so make or repair, and the expense thereof may be by them assessed on the owners refusing or neglecting, and be collected by warrant issued by the president and trustees, as other taxes are directed to be collected; and in case such tax or assessment is not paid or collected, the trustees may cause such real estate to be leased, or the owner thereof to be sued therefor, and the costs and expenses arising from non-payment, in the manner and with the effect and subject to the provisions in regard to the collection of taxes and assessments by leasing of real estate, or by action at law against the person liable. But this does not prevent the trustees expending money raised in and toward the construction, &c., of sidewalks in the village whenever and wherever they deem the same more for the benefit of all its inhabitants than for such adjoining owners or occupants; provided not over $500 be expended, unless the taxpayers at a meeting specially called for the purpose, upon ten days' notice, at which at least thirty taxpayers are present, authorise, by resolution, a larger expenditure. The resolution adopted at this meeting, duly authenticated, is placed with the records of the village, entered on the minutes of the trustees. The trustees can organise a fire department and provide for its government and discipline, to consist of one or more engine companies, one or more hook and ladder companies, one or more hose companies, and one or member of the fire department, while such member, is exempt from serving in the militia, except in cases of war, invasion, and insurrection; and every person who has served in such fire department five successive years is thereafter entitled to the like exemption from military service; and a certificate of such service, authenticated by the president of the village and the corporate seal, is presumptive evidence before all courts and officers, civil and military, of such exemption. The chief engineer and, in his absence, the senior assistant engineer, have the direction and control of the department, subject to the regulations prescribed by the trustees. It is the duty of the trustees to take precautionary measures to guard the public health in times of infectious and pestilential diseases, and to guard against them when they appear in the village by providing places for the removal of persons having such diseases from the populous parts of the village, and to pay the expenses incident to such removal, and they have the power to remove such persons; and they have the power to appoint one or more health commissioners, who, with the president, constitute a board of health of the village, which possesses the powers conferred by, and is subject to the provisions of, the Act of the legislature of the State of New York, entitled "An Act for the preservation of the public health," passed April 10, 1850, and acts amendatory thereof, in addition to the powers given by chap. 291, laws of 1870, and otherwise by law. The trustees audit all accounts, &c., and none are paid unless allowed by them, or after judgment obtained thereon. A certificate is indorsed thereon, or annexed thereto, signed by the president, and countersigned by the clerk of the village, of the auditing and allowing or disallowing the same, in which the sum allowed, and the fund out of which the same is to be paid, are specified. No account or claim is allowed unless made out in items, and accompanied by the affidavit of the claimant that the items of such account or claim are correct as to the service, materials, and disbursements mentioned; and the service and materials were rendered and furnished, and disbursements made for the corporation, and no part of such claim has been paid. The claimant may be examined on oath by the trustees concerning the same. The affidavit and oath may be taken before the president of the village, or any of the trustees, or the clerk of the village, and when verified by either of them, may be read in evidence in any court of the state in the same manner as oaths and affidavits taken and certified by a justice of the peace; but no fees are charged or received therefor by any such president or trustee. The trustees may disallow any account or claim in whole or in part when so made out and verified, and may require other or further evidence of the correctness and reasonableness thereof. Any person wilfully swearing false to any such matter is guilty of perjury. The trustees present to every annual meeting of electors of the village a detailed statement of expenditure for the past year, and of the estimated ordinary expenditure of such village for the ensuing year, to meet which | 66 The expenditures of the village are denominated "ordinary" and extraordinary expenditures. Ordinary expenditures are those necessarily incurred to carry out and enforce the rules, by-laws, and ordinances, and to give force to the powers conferred upon the trustees, except as such expenditures may be specifically enlarged or diminished or controlled by law. No ordinary expenditure for any one specific act, object, purpose, or thing, shall exceed the sum of $500. The trustees can raise money for an extraordinary expenditure for any purpose by assessment and tax, by submitting a resolution stating the amount to be raised, and the specific object, to the annual election, or to a special election, of the legal electors entitled to vote on such questions. They have power to appoint such special election, designating time and place. If the majority of the ballots cast have on them the word "Yes," then the trustees may raise the amount voted. When the trustees deem extraordinary expenses necessary, they have power to pass one or more resolutions, each of which can only specify a single object, and the amount required for the same. When two or more such resolutions are submitted at the same election, they are numbered respectively one, two, &c., and the ballots used are as many as the resolutions submitted, and have thereon the words "resolution number one or دو "resolution number two," &c., with the word "Yes or "No." Ten days' notice of such election, whether annual or special, is given by the clerk, by posting notices in six public places in the village, stating time and place and object of election, and copying resolutions. The same inspectors preside at, and the same provisions apply to, such election as are provided for all village elections held after the first election of officers of the village. If the majority of the ballots cast have thereon the word "Yes" for any resolution, such resolution is adopted. The return of the inspectors sets forth each resolution, and, attached thereto, a statement containing the number of ballots, with "Yes" or with "No," received for such resolution. The inspectors presiding file their return of such election with the village clerk within ten days after the election. In addition to ordinary expenditures, the trustees have power, in any one year, in addition to the polltax, to raise by tax such sum as they deem necessary, not exceeding in any one year the amount of I per cent on the assessed valuation of the village, denominated a highway tax, to work and improve the roads, &c., of said village, on all persons and incorporated companies owning property and estate, real and personal, in said village, which is assessed and collected as all other taxes are. The money so raised, with the proceeds of the poll-tax, is devoted to these highway purposes, and kept apart as a separate and distinct fund by the treasurer. The board of trustees can also contract with any water company for supplying the village with water for the purpose of extinguishing fires, and assess and collect the amount agreed to be paid in such contract as other village taxes are assessed and collected; and this contract is valid and binding upon such village; provided, however, that no contract shall be made for a longer period than five years, nor for a sum exceeding in the aggregate 50 cents per capita per annum of the population of the village, unless the proposition for the same be submitted to a vote of the citizens, in the manner described, and approved by a majority of the voters entitled to vote on such questions and voting at an annual election or at a special election duly called. It is the duty of the president of the board of trustees to see that the by-laws, rules, and ordinances, and the provisions of said Act of 1870 are enforced, and to recommend to the board such measures as he thinks necessary; and, as the head of the police of the village, he maintains peace and good order, and has the power of arrest for such purpose. If the president is unable to perform the duties of his office, the board of trustees appoint one of their number to preside at their meetings, and he is vested with all the powers and performs all the duties of the president of the village until the president resumes his office or the vacancy is filled according to law. The treasurer receives all moneys belonging to the village, and keeps an accurate account of all the receipts and expenditures. All moneys are drawn from the treasury, in pursuance of an order of the board of trustees, by warrant, signed by the president or the presiding officer of the board, and countersigned by the clerk. The books and entries of the treasurer, and the order or checkbook of the clerk, are open for inspection by any elector of the village at all reasonable hours. The treasurer exhibits to the board of trustees, at least fifteen days before the annual election in each year, a full account of all the receipts and expenditures after the date of the last annual report, and also the state of the treasury, which account is filed in the office of the clerk. The treasurer keeps separate accounts of the moneys received and paid out for "ordinary expenditures 66 and extraordinary expenditures," and on account of the highway tax. Any justice of the peace of the town or towns in which the village is located has jurisdiction in all criminal cases that may arise within the bounds of the village in the county in which they severally reside, with the same powers and subject to the same duties and liabilities as a justice of the peace in other cases. He also has jurisdiction in all actions brought to recover fines or penalties for the violation of any provision of said Act of 1870, and of the rules, by-laws, and ordinances of the village, or to recover any tax or assessment levied by the village; and his proceedings and judgments may be reviewed in the same manner as provided by law in cases of judg |