The foregoing figures show the Japanese population in California, April 15, 1910, to be 41,356, and on December 31, 1919, 87,279, an increase from 1910 to 1919 of 45,923, or 111 per cent. This increase consists of 25,592 net by immigration and 20,331 net by birth. The figures for total Japanese population in 1919 being based upon reports of immigration and emigration, births and deaths, necessarily include those American-born Japanese who have temporarily returned to Japan upon business trips or for the purpose of completing an education. Because, until recent years, immigration authorities made no distinction in their records of departures between classes of American-born citizens, there is no segregation on the immigration records between an American-born citizen of American parents and American-born citizens of Japanese parents.

At the request of the State Board of Control, the Japanese Association of America, through its various local associations in California, made a special census of Japanese population in California during 1919 which census was completed March, 1920. The total of this census was 78,628 Japanese residing in California. To this should be added the number of American-born Japanese now temporarily in Japan for the purpose of completing their education, estimated by the Japanese Association of America at about 5000. This makes a total of 83,628 by the Japanese Census as compared with 87,279 herein before given from figures of Federal Immigration Reports and Vital Statistics, State Board of Health.

The above figures also show that, as to the Chinese, there were in the State of California in 1890, thirty years ago, 72,472 Chinese, and in 1919 there were 33,271. It is interesting to note this large decrease in Chinese population in comparison with the considerable increase in Japanese population, as it may reflect the effectiveness of the Chinese Exclusion Act in excluding the Chinese immigrants and indicates the reverse as to the so-called "Gentlemen's Agreement" with Japan, in restricting Japanese immigration.

As to Hindus, census reports show none prior to 1910. In 1910 the census shows 1948 Hindus in California while in 1919 there are 2600, an increase of 652, or 33.5 per cent.

During the period 1910 to 1919, the Japanese increased 111 per cent, the Hindu 33.5 per cent, the white population increased approximately 22.4 per cent and the Chinese population decreased 8.2 per cent. (See charts Nos. 1 and 2, prepared by Bureau of Vital Statistics, State Board of Health, and State Board of Control.)

From figures developed by the State Board of Control from the total registration of minors made by the State Superintendent of Public Instruction as required by act of the 1919 Legislature, the minor population of Orientals in the state on November 1, 1919, was as follows: Japanese 21,611, an increase of 252 per cent over 1910, the Chinese

minor population was 4805, a decrease of 17.6 per cent. The white minor population showed an increase of 18.5 per cent. (See Chart No. 3, prepared by State Board of Control from vital statistics of State Board of Health and reports of State Superintendent of Public Instruction.) For general information and purposes of comparison, the State Board of Control and the Japanese Association of America each took an independent census of two selected counties, completing the work in March, 1920, with the following results:

JAPANESE POPULATION OF THE UNITED STATES
(CONTINENTAL).

Changes by immigation only. Births and deaths not considered. The following figures show net increase or decrease in Japanese population caused by arrival and departure of Japanese in continental United States as a whole and separately for California and the remainder of continental United States:

No data is available covering interstate migration of Chinese or Japanese.

The above figures concern recorded arrivals and departures only and do not take into consideration increases or decreases by births or deaths, or increases due to smuggling and surreptitious entry.

NOTE-Under immigration practice, every Japanese, as an immigrant alien, must designate on arrival his intended future residence in the United States, and each Japanese emigrant alien, upon departure, must designate the place of his last permanent residence in the United States.

The above figures show that, during the period named, 32,702 Japanese immigrant arrivals designated California as their intended future residence, while 7110 Japanese emigrant departures named California as their last permanent residence. It would therefore appear that the Japanese population in California increased by immigration only, during the period mentioned, 25,592, which is the difference between these Japanese immigrant arrivals and these Japanese emigrant departures.

The Japanese arrivals, both immigrant and non-immigrant, for all of the other states of the United States, outside of California during the period mentioned, were 45,681, and the Japanese departures, both emigrant and non-emigrant, were 56,554, leaving a net decrease, by emigration, of 10,873 Japanese in all the states outside of California, the result in the United States as a whole, including California, being a net increase of 14,719 Japanese. It therefore appears that the Japanese population in California increased 25,592, but in all of the other states of the United States it decreased 10,873.

Perhaps, in this last-named fact may be found the reason that makes Oriental immigration a live subject of continued consideration in California.