is to again put the control of the money in their hands to be used to intimidate Congress, the President and the people and gather to themselves the results of human toil.

I remember a millionaire told me not long ago that no man ought to complain because one man had accumulated an enormous fortune. He said nature was an inexhaustible store house and any man could draw from it whatever he chose. He said, "why don't they go and by toil and industry and selfdenial accumulate as we have accumulated?"

I said to him let us carry this illustration a little farther. I said, suppose a thousand men were engaged in drawing from nature's storehouse and in their number there was an additional one-a thousand and one. They delved and toiled each day to acquire a little wealth until each one's pile had become perceptible. But they noticed this one man never toiled. They noticed that he was idle. That he slept mostly in the day time and that his pile of wealth was becoming enormous, towering above theirs. I said, suppose after while it was discovered that he went about in the night after their piles had become sufficiently large so that by the taking of a hundredth part of each day's produce from each one and adding it to his they would not notice it was gone. They had lost one hundredth part of what they had accumulated that day and they didn't miss it from the pile, and he had got ten times as much as any other one. So his pile grew ten times while theirs grew once and it became ten times as great as either of theirs. Then I said, what would you think of your theory? I said that the great fortunes of this country, and yours among them, have been accumulated in that way. You, by legislation, have been able to take from each citizen a little sum of what he has earned each day, so small that he did not discover it that night, but only discovered it as time rolled by, and added it to yours until it is mountain high, without having produced one element of the wealth itself. That is exactly what has occurred and is happening, and it is exactly what the Republican party has decreed shall continue to happen.

Now, fellow citizens I have talked longer than I intended to. I simply wanted to state again the issues in this contest.

We never intended for a moment to stop if we were defeated. We intended to agitate, pursue and educate until this great principle shall triumph, and that is our intention to-night. We propose then, first; the reform of our financial system, the enlargement of the volume of metallic money; the raising of prices resulting in a profit to agriculture and toil. We propose second: to enact those laws which will destroy the trusts and syndicates and control the corporations so that they will be our servants rather than our masters.

M

APPENDIX I

THE PHILIPPINES

R. PETTIGREW: I ask to have printed as an appendix to my speech in regard to the Philippine Islands certain extracts from the reports of our officers with regard to the character of the people of the islands. There is no original matter whatever in it. Some of it is from newspaper correspondents, but most of it is official, from the officers of the Government, from the officials' reports, and from Document No. 62.

It may be well to quote Gen. T. M. Anderson in the Chicago TimesHerald:

"As to the Filipinos themselves, I understand many erroneous impressions are current. I was in the Philippines until the latter part of March, having been sent there in June, 1898, in command of the first military expedition, and during that time I had some chance for studying the Filipino character and mind. I regard the Filipinos, such as have been carrying on operations against our forces in the island of Luzon, as being not far below the Japanese in intelligence and capability of culture. Nearly all can read and write; they have many schools, and there are a number of newspapers. Their cities are populous and well laid out and kept. There are many engineers and artists among the Filipinos."

Gen. Charles King is a close observer of people. He spent quite a time in the Philippines and fought the Filipinos, yet he wrote the following letter to the Milwaukee Journal:

SAN FRANCISCO, June 22, 1899. To the Editor of the Journal, Milwaukee, Wis.

DEAR SIR: Thinking over your telegram and request of June 7, I find myself seriously embarrassed. As an officer of the Army there are many reasons why I should not give my "views of situation in the 1. Speech in the Senate June 4-5, 1900.

Philippines, how long fighting is likely to continue, and thoughts as to America's part in future of islands."

The capability of the Filipinos for self-government can not be doubted; such men as Arellano, Aguinaldo, and many others whom I might name are highly educated; nine-tenths of the people read and write; all are skilled artisans in one way or another; they are industrious, frugal, temperate; and, given a fair start, could look out for themselves infinitely better than our people imagine. In my opinion they rank far higher than the Cubans or the uneducated negroes to whom we have given the right of suffrage.

Very truly yours,

CHARLES KING.

As to the government maintained by the Philippine republic, I shall quote from a letter of Lieut. Henry Page, of the United States Army, to the Chicago Record. It was written February 25, 1899. In it he says:

"When we reached the headquarters of Santa Ana another surprise awaited us, for here was found some of the machinery of Aguinaldo's government. Among the papers scattered about in confusion by the retreating officials were telegrams, letters, and commissions showing something of their system. One letter was from a township governor asking relief from his duties. A surgeon's certificate was inclosed. It had been forwarded through official channels to Aguinaldo's secretary of state and returned, with abundant indorsements, approved. With it was an order to the governor of the province to have a new election. Another letter was a complaint made against another local governor for maladministration. It stated the charges in real legal form and was duly signed. The numerous papers concerning school-teachers' appointments showed that the Filipinos had already perfected arrangements for the education of the youth on a large scale.

"I might also mention the deeds of property, records of births, deaths, etc., to show that Aguinaldo's organization is at least not a laughable farce. I might mention also meteorological and other scientific instruments and records to show that the Filipinos did not neglect science during those busy, warlike times. Letters dated February 4, from Malolos, showed that they had a good courier system. A book on tactics, engravings of the several uniforms, beautiful topographical maps, copies of the declaration of independence and the revolutionary constitution, military and state seals, and other articles all went to show that labor and intelligence were united in their production."

Notwithstanding the difficulties under which the Filipino government existed, how much inferior was it, as indicated by Lieutenant Page's letter, to our own Government? Was it the work of a people who need the guardianship of the United States?

In a letter to the Secretary of State Agoncillo said, on January 4, 1899:

"The Philippine Islands are in a state of public order. They possess a government satisfactory to their inhabitants, and are without an enemy within their borders offering any resistance to its just operations, and they find themselves to be at peace with all the world."

Every people, if left to themselves, will have as good government as they are entitled to, and they can not be given a better one. It is a novel doctrine that a remote people must have a government satisfactory to us. Since when has it become essential that every weak people must have a government of our choosing?

CAPACITY OF FILIPINOS FOR SELF-GOVERNMENT.

Lieut. John D. Ford, United States Navy, of the Olympia, who left Manila May 9, 1899, interview in Baltimore:

"The Filipinos are of an intelligent, industrious character. The women are virtuous, more so, perhaps, than those of almost any other nation. It is believed by many that they are a very ignorant race, but such is not the case. There is hardly a man or woman, even in the middle class, who can not read and write. The children are given early education and are quick to learn. The half-savage Negritos are no more representatives of the Filipino race than our Indians are representatives of this great country. There are only about 100,000 Negritos in a population of between 7,000,000 or 8,000,000 Filipinos, and it is unfair for these people to be classed with them."

**

Gen. Charles A. Whittier before peace commission:

"I went over the line of the only railroad in the Philippines, leaving one Saturday morning (in August, 1898) and going up 120 miles through the rice fields, a country of marvelous and most extraordinary fertility. The next morning we started out early and went up to Dagupan Bay, the terminus of the road. ***

"At this time I was collector of the port, and during this time I heard all sorts of expressions, and I think I had a very fair opportunity -being amused with the natives and studying their peculiarities—to form a fair judgment. I stand a little isolated in my opinions, however, perhaps. Men so quickly dismiss the natives from their minds as simply 'niggers' and 'savages'; but when you think of all they have done you must give them credit for great capacity."

Edwin Wildman, United States vice-consul at Hongkong, in the Munsey, April, 1899:

"Hundreds of natives speak English and thousands Spanish; some have been educated in Madrid and Paris. There are native assistants in the Manila observatory who handle the delicate instruments for measuring sound waves, registering seismic oscillations, determining the