PHYA, a tall and beautiful woman of Attica, against which the monster destroyed herwhom Pisistratus, when he wished to re-self, when her enigmas were explained by establish himself in his tyranny, dressed like dipus. Plut.

the goddess Minerva, and led to the city on a PHYSCON, a surname of one of the Ptochariot, making the populace believe that lemies, kings of Egypt, from the great prothe goddess herself came to restore him to minency of his belly. Athen. 2, c. 23. power. The artifice succeeded. Herodot. PHYSCOS, a town of Caria, opposite 1, c. 59.-Polyan. 1, c. 40.

PHYCUS, (untis,) a promontory, near Cyrene. now called Ras-al-sem. Lucan. 9.

Rhodes. Strab. 14:

PIA, or PIALIA, festivals instituted in honour of Adrian, by the emperor Antoninus, PHYLACE, a town of Thessaly, built by They were celebrated at Puteoli, on the sePhylacus. Protesilaus reigned there, from cond year of the Olympiads. whence he is often called Phylacides. Lucan. PICENI, the inhabitants of Picenum, called 6, v. 252.- -A town of Arcadia. Paus. 1. also Picentes. They received their name c. 54.-A town of Epirus. Liv. 45, c. 26. from picus, a bird by whose auspices they had PHYLE, a well-fortified village of Attica, at settled in that part of Italy. Ital. 8, v. 425. a little distance from Athens. [Phyle was-Strab. 5.-Mela, 2, c. 4. situate in the northern part of the Campus PICENTIA, the capital of the Picentini. Thriasius, and was the fort possessed by PICENTINI, a people of Italy, between Thrasybulus and the Athenian exiles, who Lucania and Campania on the Tuscan sea. expelled the thirty tyrants after the Pelopon- They are different from the Piceni or Picennesian war.] C. Nep. in Thras. tes, who inhabited Picenum, [but descended

PHYLLIS, a daughter of Sithon, or, accord- from them.] Sil. It. 8, c. 450.-Tacit. H. 4, ing to others, of Lycurgus, king of Thrace, c. 62.

who hospitably received Demophoon the son PICENUM, or PICENUS AGER, a country of of Theseus, who, at his return from the Tro- Italy, on the borders of the Adriatic, [south jan war, had stopped on her coasts. She be-and east of Umbria.] Liv. 21, c. 6, 1. 22, e. came enamoured of him, and did not find him 9, 1. 27, c. 43.-Sil. 10, v. 313.-Horat. 2, sat. insensible to her passion. After some months 3, v. 722.-Mart. 1, ep. 44.

of mutual tenderness and affection, Demo- PICTE, or PICTI, a people of Scythia, callphoon set sail for Athens, whither his domes-ed also Agathyrsa. They received this name tic affairs recalled him. He promised faith-from their painting their bodies with different fully to return as soon as a month was ex-colours, to appear more terrible in the eyes of pired; but either his dislike for Phyllis, or their enemies. A colony of these, according the irreparable situation of his affairs, ob- to Servius, Virgil's commentator, emigrated liged him to violate his engagement, and the to the northern parts of Britain, where they queen, grown desperate on account of his ab- still preserved their name and their savage sence, hanged herself, or, according to others, manners, but they are mentioned only by la threw herself down a precipice into the sea, ter writers. [This remark of Servius is aland perished. Her friends raised a tomb over together incorrect. To say nothing of the her body, where there grew up certain trees, utter impossibility of such a migration, it is whose leaves at a particular season of the year, sufficient to observe, that the Scythian race suddenly became wet, as if shedding tears for to whom he alludes were properly called the death of Phyllis. According to an old Agathyrsi, and the term picti is merely aptradition mentioned by Servius, Virgil's com- plied to them by the Latin poets from the cir mentator, Phyllis was changed by the gods cumstance of their painting their bodies to into an almond-tree, which is called Phylla by look more terrible in fight. The Picts were the Greeks. Some days after this metamor- a Caledoman race, first mentioned under this phosis, Demophoon revisited Thrace, and denomination in a panegyric of Eumenius, A. when he heard of the fate of Phyllis, he ran D. 297. Various derivations have been asand clasped the tree, which, though at that signed for their name. The simplest appears time stripped of its leaves, suddenly shot forth to be, that the original native term was Peiand blossomed, as if still sensible of tender- thi, which was latinised into Picti or painted, ness and love. The absence of Demo- and which had in fact the same meaning.] phoon from the house of Phyllis has given Marcell. 27, c. 18.—Claudian. de Hon. cons. rise to a beautiful epistle of Ovid, supposed v. 54.-Plin. 4, c. 12.—Mela, 2, c. 1. to have been written by the Thracian queen PICTAVI, or PICTONES, a people of Gaul, about the fourth month after her lover's de- in the modern country of Poictou. Cas. 7, parture. Ovid. Heroid. 2, de Art. Am. 2, bell. G. c. 4. v. 353. Trist. 2, 437-Hygin. fab. 59.

PHYLLUS, a general of Phocis during the at Rome, who presided over the auspices that PICUMNUS, and PILUMNUS, two deities Phocian or sacred war against the Thebans. were required before the celebration of nupHe had assumed the command after the tials. death of his brothers Philomelus and Ono- children, as his name seems in some manner Pilumnus was supposed to patronize marchus. He is called by some Phayllus. to indicate, quod pellat mala infantia. The PHYSCION, a famous rock of Boeotia, cumnus, from which reason he is called Ster manuring of lands was first invented by Piwhich was the residence of the Sphynx, and quilinius. Pilumnus is also invoked as the

vid. Phocis.

570

god of bakers and millers, as he is said to have Acilius Glabrio first erected a temple to this first invented how to grind corn. Turnus new divinity, on the spot where a woman had boasted of being one of his lineal descendants. fed with her own milk her aged father, who Virg. Æn. 9, v. 4.-Varro. had been imprisoned by the order of the sePICUS, a king of Latium, son of Saturn, nate, and deprived of all aliments. Cic. de who married Venilia, who is also called Ca- Div. 1.-Val. Max. 5, c. 4.-Plin. 7, c. 36. nens, by whom he had Faunus. He was ten- PIGRUM MARE, a name applied to the derly loved by the goddess Pomona, and he Northern sea, from its being frozen. The returned a mutual affection. As he was one word Pigra is applied to the Palus Mœotis, day hunting in the woods, he was met by Ovid. 4, Pont. 10, v. 61.-Plin. 4, c. 13.-TaCirce, who became deeply enamoured of him, cit. G. 45. and who changed him into a woodpecker, call

PILUMNUS. vid. Picumnus. ed by the name of picus among the Latins. IMPLA, a mountain of Macedonia, near His wife Venilia was so disconsolate when she Thessaly, with a fountain of the same name, was informed of his death, that she pined sacred to the Muses, who on that account are away. Some suppose that Picus was the son often called Pimple and Pimpleades. Hoof Pilumnus, and that he gave out prophecies rat. 1, od. 26, v. 9.—Strab. 10.—Martial. 12, to his subjects, by means of a favourite wood- ep. 11, v. 3.—Stat. 1, Sylv. 4, v. 26. Sylv. 2, pecker, from which circumstance originated v. 36.

the fable of his being metamorphosed into a PINARIUS and POTITIUS, two old men of bird. Virg. Æn. 7, v. 48, 171, &c.-Ovid. Arcadia, who came with Evander to Italy. Met. 14, v. 320, &c. They were instructed by Hercules, who visitPIERIA, a small track of country in Ma-ed the court of Evander, how they were to cedonia, [to the west of the Sinus Thermaicus, offer sacrifices to his divinity, in the morning and bordering on Thessaly,] from which the and in the evening, immediately at sun-set. epithet of Pierian was applied to the Muses, The morning sacrifice they punctually perand to poetical compositions. [According to formed, but on the evening Potitius was obsome the Muses were born here; others sup- liged to offer the sacrifice alone as Pinarius pose that they derived the name of Pierides, neglected to come till after the appointed from mount Pierus in this district, which was time. This negligence offended Hercules, called after Pierus, mentioned below.- and he ordered, that for the future, Pinarius The city of Seleucia in Syria was surnamed and his descendants should preside over the Pieria, because situate at the foot of mount sacrifices, but that Potitius, with his posterity, Pierus, which mountain was so called by the should wait upon the priests as servants, Macedonians after the one in their native when the sacrifices were annually offered to Country.] Martial. 9, ep. 88, v. 3.—Horat. him on mount Aventine. This was religious4, od. 8, v. 20. ly observed till the age of Appius Claudius, PIERIDES, a name given to the Muses, who persuaded the Potitii by a large bribe, either because they were born in Pieria, in to discontinue their sacred office, and to Thessaly, or because they were supposed by have the ceremony performed by slaves. some to be the daughters of Pierus, a king of For this negligence, as the Latin authors obMacedonia, who settled in Boeotia.- Also serve, the Potitii were deprived of sight, and the daughters of Pierus, who challenged the the family became a little time after totally Muses to a trial in music, in which they were extinct. Liv. 1, c. 7.-Virg. Æn. 8, v. 269, conquered, and changed into magpies. It &c.-Victor de orig. 8.

may perhaps be supposed, that the victorious PINARUS, or PINDUS, now Delisou, a river Muses assumed the name of the conquered falling into the sea near Issus, after flowing daughters of Pierus, and ordered themselves between Cilicia and Syria. Dionys. Per. to be called Pierides, in the same manner as PINCUM, a town of Mœsia Superior, now Minerva was called Pallas because she had Gradisca.

killed the giant Pallas. Ovid. Met. 5, v.

PINDARUS, a celebrated lyric poet of .300. Thebes. He was carefully trained from his PIERUS, a mountain of Macedonia, sacred earliest years to the study of music and poeto the Muses, who were from thence, as try, and he was taught how to compose versome imagine, called Pierides.A king of ses with elegance and simplicity, by Myrtis Macedonia, whose nine daughters, called Pie- and Corinna. When he was young, it is said rides, challenged the Muses, and were chang-that a swarm of bees settled on his lips, and ed into magpies when conquered. [Accord- there left some honey-combs as he reposed on ing to another account mentioned by Pausa- the grass. This was universally explained nias, Pierus was the father of the Muses. vid. as a prognostic of his future greatness and cePieria.] Paus. 9, c. 29.A river of Achaia, lebrity, and indeed he seemed entitled to noin Peloponnesus.- -A town of Thessaly. tice when he had conquered Myrtis in a muPaus. 7, c. 21.—A mountain [of Syria, at sical contest. He was not, however, so sucthe foot of which was built Seleucia.] cessful against Corinna, who obtained five PIETAS, a virtue which denotes veneration times, while he was competitor, a poetical for the deity, and love and tenderness to our prize, which, according to some, was adjudgfriends. It received divine honours among ed rather to the charms of her person, than the Romans, and was made one of their gods. to the brilliancy of her genius, or the supe

riority of her composition. In the public as- and of Schmidius, 4to. Witteberg, 1616. [The semblies of Greece, where females were not latest edition of Heyne's Pindar, appeared afpermitted to contend, Pindar was rewarded ter his death from the Leipsic press in 1817, with the prize, in preference to every other in 3 vols. 8vo. It was edited by Schaeffer, competitor; and as the conquerors at Olym- and contains additions from the manuscript pia were the subject of his compositions the notes of Heyne. A most admirable edition of poet was courted by statesmen and princes Pindar has lately been completed by Boec His hymns and paans were repeated before kius, in 3 vols. 4to. Lips. 1811-21.] Athen. the most crowded assemblies in the temples of Quintil. 10, c. 1.-Horat. 4, od. 2.-Elian. Greece; and the priestess of Delphi declared V. H. 3.-Paus. 1, c. 8, 1. 9, c. 23.-Val. that it was the will of Apollo, that Pindar Max. 9, c. 12.-Plut in Alex.-Curt. 1, c. should receive the half of all the first fruit of-13.

ferings that were annually heaped on his al- PINDENISSUS, a town of [Syria, in the tars. This was not the only public honour southern part of the district Comagene. Itis which he received; after his death, he was now Behesni.] Cicero, when proconsul in honoured with every mark of respect, even Asia, besieged it for 25 days and took it. Cic. to adoration. His statue was erected at ad M. Cælium, ad Fam. 2, ep. 10. Thebes in the public place where the games PINDUS, a mountain or rather a chain of were exhibited, and six centuries after it mountains, between Thessaly, Macedonia, was viewed with pleasure and admiration by and Epirus. It was greatly celebrated as bethe geoprapher Pausanias. The honours ing sacred to the Muses and to Apollo. Ovid. which had been paid to him while alive, were Met. 1, v. 570.-Strab. 18.-Virg. Ecl. 10.also shared by his posterity; and at the cele-Lucan. 1, v. 674, l. 6, v. 339.—Mela, 2, c. S. bration of one of the festivals of the Greeks, A town of Doris in Greece, called also a portion of the victim which had been offer- Cyphas. It was watered by a small river of ed in sacrifice, was reserved for the descend- the same name which falls into the Cephisus. ants of the poet. Even the most inveterate Herodot. 1, c. 56.

enemies of the Thebans showed regard for his PION, one of the descendants of Hercumemory, and the Spartans spared the house les who built Pionia, near the Caycus in Myin which the prince of lyrics had inhabited sia. It is said that smoke issued from his when they destroyed the houses and the walls tomb as often as sacrifices were offered to of Thebes. The same respect was also paid him. Paus. 9, c. 18.

him by Alexander the Great when Thebes PIRAUS, or PIRAEUS, [a celebrated and cawas reduced to ashes. It is said that Pindar pacious harbour of Athens, at some distance died at the advanced age of 86, B. C. 455. from it, but joined to it by long walls, called The greatest parts of this works have perish-ga Tux. The southern wall was built by ed. He had written some hymns to the gods, Themistocles, and was 35 stadia long, and 40 poems in honour of Apollo, dithyrambics to cubits high: this height was but half of Bacchus, and odes on several victories ob- what Themistocles designed. The northern tained at the four greatest festivals of the was built by Pericles, its height the same as Greeks, the Olympic, Isthmian, Pythian, and the former, its length 40 stadia. Both of Nemean games. Of all these, the odes are the these walls were sufficiently broad on the top only compositions extant, admired for sub- to admit of two waggons passing each other. limity of sentiments, grandeur of expression, The stones were of an enormous size, joined energy and magnificence of style, boldness of together without any cement, but with clamps metaphors, harmony of numbers, and ele- of iron and lead, which, with their own gance of diction. In these odes, which were weight, easily sufficed to unite walls even of repeated with the aid of musical instruments, so great a height as 40 cubits, (60 feet.) Upon and accompanied by the various inflections both of the walls a great number of turrets of the voice, with suitable attitudes, and pro- were erected, which were turned into dwellper motions of body, the poet has not merely ing-houses, when the Athenians became so celebrated the place where the victory was numerous that the city was not large enough won, but has introduced beautiful episodes, to contain them. The wall which encom and by unfolding the greatness of his heroes, passed the Munychia, and joined it to the Pithe dignity of their characters, and the glory raus was 60 stadia, and the exterior wall on of the several republics where they flourished, the other side of the city, was 43 stadia in he has rendered the whole truely beautiful, length. Athens had three harbours, of which and in the highest degree interesting. Horace the Pireus was by far the largest. East of has not hesitated to call Pindar inimitable; and it was the second one, called Munychia, and panegyric will not perhaps appear too of still farther east the third, called Phalerus, fensive, when we recollect that succeeding the least frequented of the three. The encritics have agreed in extolling his beauties, trance of the Piraus was narrow, being his excellence, the fire, animation, and enthu- contracted by two projecting promontories. siasm of his genius. He has been censured Within, however, it was very capacious, and for his affectation in composing an ode, from contained three large basins or ports, named which the letter S was excluded. The best Cantharos, Aphrodisus, and Zea. The first editions of Pindar are those of Heyne, 4to, being called after an ancient hero, the second Gottingen, 1773; of Glasgow, 12mo. 1774; after Venus, the third from the term 21,

this

signifying bread-corn. The Piræus is said to other, they stepped between the hostile arhave been capable of containing 300 ships.] mies. Their meeting was like that of the The walls which joined it to Athens, with all most cordial friends, and Pirithous, by giving its fortifications, were totally demolished Theseus his hand as a pledge of his sincerity, when Lysander put an end to the Peloponne-promised to repair all the damages which sian war by the reduction of Attica. [They his hostilities in Attica might have occawere rebuilt by Conon, with the money sup-sioned. From that time, therefore, the plied by the Persian commander Pharnaba- two monarchs became the most intimate zus, after the defeat of the Lacedæmonians and the most attached of friends, so much, in the battle off the Arginusæ insulæ. In that their friendship, like that of Orestes and after days the Piræus suffered greatly from Pylades, is become proverbial. Pirithous some Sylla, who demolished the walls and set fire timme after married Hippodamia, and invited to the armoury and arsenals. It must not be not only the heroes of his age, but also the imagined that the Piraus was a mere harbour. gods themselves, and his neighbours the CenIt was in fact a city of itself, abounding with taurs, to celebrate his nuptials. Mars was temples, porticoes, and other magnificent the only one of the gods who was not invitstructures. Little, however, now remams of ed, and to punish this neglect, the god of war its former splendour. According to Hob-was determined to raise a quarrel among the house, nothing now is left to lead one to sup-guests, and to disturb the festivity of the enpose that it was ever a large and flourishing tertainment. Eurythion, captivated with the port. The ancient Zea is a marsh, and Can-beauty of Hippodamia, and intoxicated with tharus of but little depth. The deepest wa-wine, attempted to offer violence to the bride, ter is at the mouth of the ancient Aphrodi-but he was prevented by Theseus, and imsus. He adds, that the ships of the ancients mediately killed. This irritated the rest of must have been extremely small, if 300 could the Centaurs, the contest became general, be contained within the Piræus, since he saw but the valour of Theseus, Pirithous, Hercuan Hydriote merchant vessel of about 200 les, and the rest of the Lapithæ, triumphed tons, at anchor in the port, which appe tre over their enemies. Many of the Centaurs too large for the station, and ar. English were slain, and the rest saved their lives by sloop of war was warned that she would run flight. [vid. Lapithus.] The death of Hipaground if she attempted to enter, and was podamia left Pirithous very disconsolate, and therefore compelled to anchor in the straits he resolved, with his friend Theseus, who between Salamis and the port once called had likewise lost his wife, never to marry Phoron] The Piræus is now called Porto again, except to a goddess, or one of the Leone. Paus. 1, c. 1-Strab. 9.-C. Nep. daughters of the gods. This determination occasioned the rape of Hellen by the two PIRENE, a daughter of Œbalus, or, accord-friends; the lot was drawn, and it fell to the ing to others, of the Achelous. She had by share of Theseus to have the beautiful prize. Neptune two sons, called Leches and Cen- Pirithous upon this undertook with his friend chrius, who gave their name to two of the to carry away Proserpine and to marry her. harbours of Corinth. Pirene was so discon-They descended into the infernal regions, but late at the death of her son Cenchrius, who Pluto, who was apprised of their machinahad been killed by Diana, that she pined tions to disturb his conjugal peace, stopped away, and was dissolved by her continual the two friends and confined them there. weeping into a fountain of the same name, Pirithous was tied to his father's wheel, or acwhich was still seen at Corinth in the age of cording to Hyginus, he was delivered to the Pausanias. The fountain Pirene was sacred furies to be continually tormented. His puto the Muses, and, according to some,, the nishment, however, was short, and when horse Pegasus was then drinking some of its Hercules visited the kingdom of Pluto, he waters, when Bellerophon took it to go and obtained from Proserpine the pardon of Piconquer the Chimæra. Paus. 2, c. 3.-Ovid. rithous, and brought him back to his kingdom Met. 2, v. 240. safe and unhurt. Some suppose that he was

in Them-Flor. 3. c. 5.

PIRITHŎUS, a son of Ixion and the cloud, torn to pieces by the dog Cerberus. [vid. or, according to others, of Dia the daughter Theseus.] Ovid. Met 12, fab. 4 and 5.--Heof Deioneus. Some make him son of Dia, by siod. in Scut. Her.-Homer. Il. 2.—Paus. 5. Jupiter, who assumed the shape of a horse c. 10.—Apollod, 1, c. 8, l. 2, c. 5.—Hygin. whenever he paid his addresses to his mis-fab. 14, 79, 55.-Diod. 4.—Plut, in Thes.— tress. He was king of the Lapithe, and as Horat. 4, od. 7.-Virg. Æn. 7, v. 304.an ambitious prince he wished to become ac- Mart. 7, ep. 23.

quainted with Theseus, king of Athens, of PISA, a town of Elis on the Alpheus, foundwhose fame and exploits he had heard soled by Pisus the son of Perieres, and grandson many reports. To see him, and at the same of Aolus. Its inhabitants accompanied Nestime to be a witness of his valour, he resolv-tor to the Trojan war, and they enjoyed long ed to invade his territories with an army. the privilege of presiding at the Olympic Theseus immediately met him on the borders games which were celebrated near their city. of Attica, but at the sight of one another This honourable appointment was envied by the two enemies did not begin the engage- the people of Elis, who made war against the ment, but struck with the appearance of each Piseans, and after many bloody battles took

PI

their city and totally demolished it. [Even account of all the labours and all the exploits after its destruction, however, the district in of Hercules. He was the first who ever rewhich it had been situate bore the name of presented his hero armed with a club. Paus. Pisatis.] It was at Pisa that Enomaus 8, c. 22. murdered the suitors of his daughter, and

PISATES, or PISÆI, the inhabitants of Pisa that he himself was conquered by Pelops. in the Peloponnesus.

The inhabitants were called Pisai. Some PISAURUS, now Foglia, a river of Picehave doubted the existence of such a place num, with a town called Pisaurum, now Peas Pisa, but this doubt originates from Pisa's saro, which became a Roman colony in the The town having been destroyed in so remote an age consulship of Claudius Pulcher. The horses of Pisa were famous. The year was destroyed by an earthquake in the beginin which the Olympic games were celebrat-ning of the reign of Augustus. Mela. 2, c. 4.ed, was often called Pisaus annus, and the Catull. 82.-Plin. 3.-Liv. 39, c. 44, l. 41, c. 27. PISEUS, a king of Etruria, about 260 victory which was obtained there was called Pisaa ramus oliva. vid. Olympia. Strab. 8. years before the foundation of Rome. Plin. -Ovid. Trist. 2, v. 386, l. 4, el. 10, v. 95.-7, c. 26. Mela, 2.-Virg. G. 3, v. 180.-Stat. Theb. 7, V. 417.-Paus. 6, c. 22.

PISIDIA, an inland country of Asia Minor, between Phrygia, Lycia, Pamphylia, Cilicia, PISA, a town of Etruria, [at the mouth of and Isauria. It was rich and fertile. The inhathe Arnus,] built by a colony from Pisa in bitants were called Pisida. Cic. de Div. 1, c. the Peloponnesus. The inhabitants were 1.Mela, 1, c, 2.-Strab. 12.-Liv. 37, c. 54 called Pisani. Dionysius of Halicarnassus and 55. affirms that it existed before the Trojan war,

PISISTRATIDA, the descendants of Pisis

PISISTRATIDES, a man sent as ambassa

but others support that it was built by a tratus, tyrant of Athens. vid. Pisistratus, colony of Pisæans who were shipwrecked on the coast of Etruria at their return from the dor to the king of Persia by the Spartans. Trojan war. [According to Strabo, these

PISISTRATUS, an Athenian, son of HippoPisaans formed a part of the army of Nes-crates, who early distinguished himself by his tor. Some of them were carried to Meta-valour in the field and by his address and elopontium; the majority, however, to the mouth quence at home. After he had rendered himof the Arnus.] Pise was once a very pow-self the favourite of the populace by his libe erful and flourishing city, which conquered rality and by the intrepidity with which he had the Baleares, together with Sardinia and fought their battles, particularly near Salamis, Corsica. [The power and greatness of Pisa he resolved to make himself master of his as a mighty and victorious republic, belong country. Every thing seemed favourable to rather to modern history. The 10th, 11th, his views, but Solon alone, who was then at 12th, and a great part of the 13th centuries, the head of affairs, and who had lately instiformed the era of her national prosperity tuted his celebrated laws, opposed him and Her numerous fleets were triumphant on the discovered his duplicity and artful behaviour Mediterranean, and her fame not only eclips- before the public assembly. Pisistratus was ed that of her Grecian parent, but even not disheartened by the measures of his relarivalled the achievements of all the cities of tion Solon, but he had recourse to artifice. Peloponnesus united. The usurpation of do- In returning from his country-house, he cut mestic tyrants, however, first broke the spi-himself in various places, and after he had exrit of her citizens, and next the victories of posed his mangled body to the eyes of the po the Genoese. The intrigues of the Medi- pulace, deplored his misfortunes, and accused ci completed her downfall.] The sea on the his enemies of attempts upon his life, because neighbouring coast was called the bay of Pi- he was the friend of the people, the guardian sæ. Virg. En. 10, v. 179.-Strab. 5.-Lu-of the poor, and the reliever of the oppressed. can. 2, v. 401.-Liv. 39, c. 2, l. 4›, c. 13. He claimed a chosen body of 50 men from the Plin. 2, c. 103. populace to defend his person in future from PISANDER, a son of Bellephoron killed by the malevolence and the cruelty of his enethe Solymi.- -A son of Antimachus killed mies. The unsuspecting people unanimous by Agamemnon during the Trojan war. Hely granted his request, though Solon opposed had recourse to entreaties and promises, it with all his influence; and Pisistratus had but in vain, as the Grecian wished to resent no sooner received this band, on whose fidethe advice of Antimachus, who opposed the lity and attachment he could rely, than restoration of Helen. Homer Il. 11, v. 123. he seized the citadel of Athens, and made An admiral of the Spartan fleet during himself absolute. The people too late perHe abolished the ceived their credulity; yet, though the ty the Peloponnesian war. democracy at Athens, and established the rant was popular, two of the citizens, Megaaristocratical government of the four hundred cles and Lycurgus, conspired against him, and tyrants. He was killed in a naval battle by by their means he was forcibly ejected from Conon the Athenian general, near Cnidus, in the city. His house and all his effects were which the Spartans lost 50 galleys, B. C. 394. exposed to sale, but there was found in Athens Diod. A poet of Rhodes who composed a only one man who would buy them. The poem called "Heraclea, in which he gave an private dissensions of the friends of liberty

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