small staples such as are used on blind-slats being driven in the sides of the partitions for the screws to pass through. Partitions made in either of the ways indicated are, of course, readily movable or removable, as no screw-driver is needed unless the drawer-bottom is of hard wood. C. W. SHAKESPEARE REFERENCES.-Your form of reference, using only Arabic numerals, is perhaps preferable to mine for single references; but it does not seem to me so well suited to a succession of references, such as I often have occasion to use in my edition of Shakespeare. For example: in a page of proof received to-day, I have the following references to other parts of Richard III.: "As in iv. 2. 121, iv. 3. 51, iv. 4. 313, v. 1. 18, and v. 3. 182." Here the Roman numerals for the acts help to make the separate reference distinct to the eye. W. J. ROLFE. [Our doctrine, after considering all the claims thoroly, is that the sooner Roman numerals are entirely abolisht the better. Arabic numerals first, and then, if needed, the letters of the alfabet, are best for reference. There are cases where thistles and thorns serve a purpose, but the gardener weeds them out mercilessly. Roman numerals are giving way rapidly. Chapters, volumes on backs of books, and similar ground long consecrated to the ridiculous xxxviii, etc., are more and more taking simple 38-quicker to write, quicker to read, takes a quarter the room, and is 100-fold less liable to mistake. The advantage named above would be gained in printing by using larger, black-face type, and in writing by making figures double size. I have yet seen no case where I could not get along without the Roman.-M. D.] HOME LITHOGRAPHING.-The country is flooded with hektographs, copygraphs, marvel copyists, etc., and the electric pen and papyrograph have had large sales. This shows a want that I have often felt. I own a papyrograph which cost me $85, and a hektograph at $6 or $7, and have experimented with the others. None of them is the thing. Now, I think the thing will be just the common lithograph with one modification. To prepare the stone now requires a special education to be able to do work backwards or reversed. I have been on the point of ordering a lithograph stone a dozen times, and teaching myself to write and print backwards, but-can't bother. You know the principle of the lithograph? simply the repulsion between water and oil. The stone repels oily ink, printer's ink, but the chalky lines drawn on the stone take the ink and transfer it to paper; the one trouble is to write backwards with the chalk on the stone. [Our correspondent is partly right about lithographing and partly not. Let him go to a lithographer to get fifty copies lithographed of a letter. The lithographer immediately gives him a prepared paper, and lithographic ink, and says, "Please to write the letter you wish." When it is written, Mr. Lithographer simply lays it face down on the stone, and thus prints the reverse copy on the stone; and then he proceeds to ink the stone and print, until the fifty copies are furnished. Mr. Tucker's error is his supposition that the writing has to be done originally on the stone. The "transfer process," as it is called, avoids all that. The obstacles in the way of the plan are not so great as would at first appear. The special ink costs almost nothing. A good yellow stone, good enuf for common duplicating, can be had for about 12 or 15 cents per kilogram. One weighing about 40 kilograms (88 pounds) would take a large foolscap sheet, as large as any of the patent duplicators use. The stone, costing $5 or $6, would last an indefinite time. After printing as many copies as wanted, the stone is washed over or scoured over with fine sand, which wears it down a trifle. The same stone can be used till worn down thin, and would probably take 1,000 or more scourings before breaking from thinness. An ordinary pen is all that is necessary. Thus for an outlay of $6 we hav an outfit from which rough duplicate copies can be had by pressing the paper on the stone; but I think it doubtful if it could be called a success unless a press were used. A small lithografic press can be had for $75, and at second-hand for much less. With this, copies can be made, more permanent, handsomer, and every way more desirable than any of the popular duplicating processes. A steam press would take 10,000 impressions if wanted. A hand press say 2,000. In libraries, $100 would buy an outfit that would be of great use in getting out bulletins of new books and the thousand and one things of which a good many copies ar wanted, but which cost too much if sent to the printer. Who will try the experiment and report?— M. D.] GENERAL NOTES. UNITED STATES. BOSTON PUBLIC.-The cards of the popular or lower hall books have been taken from the main catalogue and put in new cases down-stairs, in charge of a new attendant, who gives his whole time, with admirably satisfactory results, to assisting readers in the choice of better books. CINCINNATI. No books are given out from the Cincinnati public library on Sunday, but the reading-rooms are open, both for periodicals and newspapers, and the attendance, especially now that the cold days of winter have come, is very large. On some Sundays the rooms are full, and as quiet as they are full. Who can doubt that such a plan has good results?—says the Christian Union. GREAT BRITAIN. BATH PUBLIC LIBRARY.-"Some years since, Mr. Makillop, a wealthy resident of Bath," says the Publishers' circular, "purchased and presented to the city an extensive building, on the provisional understanding that it should become a rate-aided library. Many persons gave books to it and aided the institution financially. Three years ago, the rate-payers were asked to accept the gift and allow a rate to maintain the institution. The burgesses refused. The library was then carried on by subscription, and another appeal has now been made to the burgesses, to whom it was explained that the rate could not, under the new law, exceed a penny in the pound without their opinion being taken. The decision, which was made known recently, was decidedly against a rate-aided library, the majority of opponents being nearly 2,000. The contest has caused much excitement in the borough, and many meetings have been held. The value of Mr. Makillop's gift was £3,000. It is believed the institution will now be closed." EDINBURGH.-The meeting of the Library Association at Edinburgh appears to have given a fresh impetus to the Free Library movement in that city. At the recent municipal elections the question was brought up at the ward meetings, and the Edinburgh Trades' Council and other bodies are about to present a requisition to the Lord Provost to convene a public meeting on the subject.Monthly notes. FRANCE. PARIS LIBRARIES.-There are now 17 municipal libraries in Paris, containing 38,000 v. The circulation was 54,000 v. in the first six months of 1880. They are already beginning to receive donations and legacies of books and money. Many of them lend not only books but music. TO REMEDY the want of books, which often embarrasses the professors in the various colleges of the University of France, the Minister of Public Instruction has ordered the formation of circulating libraries in the different academies, the books to be chosen by the faculties, kept in the office of the rector, and lent to the professors. Good editions of the classics, the best manuals in science, the most recent and most authoritative critical works, are to be acquired first; but the Minister wishes to leave each faculty as free as possible in regard to details. ITALY. VATICAN LIBRARY.-"The promised improvements in the arrangements at the Vatican Library," says the Publishers' circular, "are now being actively carried out by the newly appointed librarian, Monsignor Ciccolini. The following arrangements have already been made by him: In the outer reading-room are placed a collection of dictionaries and books of reference, catalogues of foreign libraries, and collections that will be of much service to students. It is to be hoped that English as well as foreign libraries will send copies of their catalogues and indices of mss. to complete the list, which is at present not as full as it could be made, for the benefit of the numerous readers of their respective countries who make constant use of the Vatican Museum. New tables and convenient seats have been substituted for the old and awkwardly planned desks, at which it was difficult to stand, and impossible to sit until one had deprived one's neighbors of their share of the leather cushions. Arrangements have also been made, which will shortly be carried out, by which additional light will be brought into the room by means of a window to be opened above the door of entrance, which will be lighted by a lantern over the space between the outer and inner rooms. The catalogues of mss. and printed books are in progress (it may not be generally supposed that there are about 200,000 printed volumes in the rooms known as the Appartamento Borgia), and in compiling them it is not improbable that several buried treasures will be brought to light. The archives, also, which have hitherto been accessible only to a very few privileged persons, will be now opened to students in general. The entrance to the rooms in the archives will be in future from a door opening into the street, instead of going through the reading-room of the library and a part of the galleries." NOBLE BOOKS That should be in every Library. The Nation: the Founda- | The Lands of Scott. tions of Civil Order and Political Life in the United States. By E. MULFORD. 8vo, $2.50. A profound and masterly work, challenging the attention of statesmen, political thinkers, and all good citizens. It discusses questions and principles that it deeply concerns Americans to understand well. It is obvious that the book contains more thought, and will give rise to more, than any American book that has been written.-ELI K. PRICE, Philadelphia, Pa. No book in its theme remotely approaching Mr. Mulford's in profundity with exhaustiveness has ever before appeared in the English language.-W. T. HARRIS, in the St. Louis Journal of Education. It is the most valuable contribution to political philosophy which has been written in the English language in this generation.-JAMES B. ANGELL, President of the University of Michigan. The Life of Nathanael Greene, Major-General in the Army of the Revolution. By GEORGE WASHINGTON GREENE. 3 vols. 8vo, $12.00; half-calf, $19.50. Greene was fortunate during life in the praise of Washington, who wrote of "the singular abilities which that officer possesses"; and then again fortunate after death in the praise of Hamilton, whose remarkable tribute is no ordinary record. He has been fortunate since in his biographer, whose work promises to be classical in our literature.-CHARLES SUMNER, in the U. S. Senate. The book combines solid investigation and completeness of materials with cool reasoning and earnest truth. The author's charming simplicity of style is in keeping with the character of the hero. In our days of steam, telegraphs, and railroads, the Life of Greene produces the effect of a classic Plutarchian biography. Let every father give this book to his son.-New York Evening Post. Most valuable and most interesting, and ought to be and will be in every library in the Union.-The Round Tabie. By JAMES F. HUNNEWELL. With Maps, 12m0, $2.50; half-calf, $5.00; morocco $6.00. This volume is designed to furnish sketches of "the long and wonderfully varied series" of the works of Sir Walter Scott, "of the no less remarkable story of his life, and of the places with which both works and life are associated." The book is, therefore, partly biographical, partly topographical, partly condensed narrative, and partly descriptive. The bulk of Mr. Hunnewell's labors has been devoted to familiarizing the reader with Scottish scenes and personages, just as the greatest number of the productions of the author of "Waverly" were so occupied. England, France, and the Rhine valley receive, however, their appropriate place in illustrating the localities chosen for the fiction of the Wizard of the North. The accuracy in details which Mr. Hunnewell has carried into the execution of his happily conceived work will be apparent to those familiar with any of the scenes to which he undertakes to act as a guide.—New York Times. It is a delightful epitome of the great author's life and works, the reader being introduced to a detailed acquaintance with these, while he is led through the localities which the genius of Scott has celebrated.-Buffalo Courier. Life of Alexander Hamilton. A History of the Republic of the United States of America, as traced in his Writings and those of his Contemporaries. By JOHN C. HAMILTON. Fourth edition. With many portraits. 7 vols. 8vo, $25.00. This important work is not only a biography of Alexander Hamilton, fairly stating the large share and powerful influence he had in shaping the government of the United States; it is also a history of the nation while achieving its independence and during the momentous years in which the form and methods of our republican system of government were under discussion and in process of trial. Its interest and historic value are largely increased by ample citations from documents and correspondence of the Hamilton period, and by fine portraits of many persons of political and social distinction in that era,-Hamilton, Lafayette, Knox, Steuben, De Kalb, Pickering, Ellsworth, Pinckney, Moultrie, Marion, and others. For sale by Book-sellers. Sent, post-paid, on receipt of price by the Publishers. HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO. BOSTON, MASS. WORKS OF E. P. WHIPPLE. We hold that Edwin P. Whipple is one of the most subtle, discriminating, and profound of critics. Nor are we alone in this opinion. Macaulay said that some of Whipple's essays were the subtlest and ablest and clearest in expression that he had ever read. Miss Mitford wrote that they would bear comparison with any of their class in the older country. Prescott declared that no critic had "ever treated his topics with more discrimination and acuteness." His essay on Wordsworth itself would have made a reputation for another man, and delicious morsels are to be found on every page of his books, which those who read will find.-London Spectator. Mr. Whipple is widely known as a literary critic of unquestionable originality and power, lucid and exact in his Essays and Reviews. 2 VOLS. 16M0, $3.00; HALF-CALF, $6.00. perceptions, of rare acuteness and subtlety of discrimination, humanely blending justice and mercy in his decisions, with a certain catholic comprehensiveness of taste, and a racy force of expression that cannot always be accepted, as in the present case, as a sign of vigorous thought.-New York Tribune. Mr. Whipple is one of the few American types of the genuine literary man. He would have been at home in that glorious conclave of wits and scholars where Burke, Johnson, Goldsmith, Garrick, and others used to meet and discourse. He seems penetrated with their spirit, and to be gifted with that same intellectual nerve which distinguished them.-Boston Transcript. CONTENTS of Vol. I.—Macaulay; Poets and Poetry of America; Talfourd; Words; James's Novels ; Sydney Smith; Daniel Webster; Neal's History of the Puritans; Wordsworth; Byron; English Poets of the Nineteenth Century; South's Sermons; Coleridge as a Philosophical Critic. CONTENTS of Vol. II.—Old English Dramatists; Romance of Rascality; The Croakers of Society and Literature; British Critics; Rufus Choate; Prescott's Histories; Prescott's Conquest of Peru; Shakespeare's Critics; Richard Brinsley Sheridan; Henry Fielding; Dana's Poems and Prose Writings; Appendix. Literature and Life. 16M0, $1.50; HALF-CALF, $3.00. CONTENTS.-Authors in their Relations to Life; Novels and Novelists; Charles Dickens; Wit and Humor; The Ludicrous Side of Life; Genius; Intellectual Health and Disease; Use and Misuse of Words; Wordsworth; Bryant; Stupid Conservatism and Malignant Reform. Character and Characteristic Men. 16M0, $1.50; HALF-CALF, $3.00. CONTENTS.-Character; Eccentric Character; Intellectual Character; Heroic Character; The American Mind; The English Mind; Thackeray; Nathaniel Hawthorne; Edward Everett; Thomas Starr King; Agassiz; Washington and the Principles of the American Revolution. The Literature of the Age of Elizabeth. 16M0, $1.50; HALF-CALF, $3.00. CONTENTS.-Characteristics of the Elizabethan Literature; Marlowe; Shakespeare; Ben Jonson; Minor Elizabethan Dramatists-Heywood, Middleton, Marston, Dekker, Webster, Chapman; Beaumont and Fletcher; Massinger; Ford; Spenser; Minor Elizabethan Poets-Phineas and Giles Fletcher, Daniel, Drayton, Warner, Donne, Davies, Hall, Wotton, Herbert; Sidney and Raleigh; Bacon; Hooker. Success and its Conditions. 16M0, $1.50; HALF-CALF, $3.00. CONTENTS.-Young Men in History; Ethics of Popularity; Grit; The Vital and the Mechanical; The Economy of Invective; The Sale of Souls; The Tricks of Imagination; Cheerfulness; Mental and Moral Pauperism; The Genius of Dickens; Shoddy; John A. Andrew. **For sale by Book-sellers. Sent, post-paid, on receipt of price, by the Publishers. HOUGHTON, MIFFLIN & CO. BOSTON, MASS. New Publications of Standard Merit. Winckelmann's History of An cient Art. Translated from the German by Dr. G. H. LODGE. Two volumes, 8vo, $9.00. A new and cheaper edition of this unique classic, with 75 fine copper-plate engravings. Winckelmann has been translated into five languages, as the most important work on ancient æsthetics, and the copious annotations of various German, Italian, and English critics are attached to the new Boston edition. The fine arts of ancient Greece and Italy are described with luminous precision, and with a multitude of details of fascinating interest. A limited number of large-paper copies have been prepared as an EDITION DE LUXE. "Winckelmann's style resembles an ancient work of art. Each thought steps forth, fashioned in all its parts, and stands there, noble, simple, lofty, complete: IT IS."-Herder. Jean-François Millet: Peasant and Painter. Translated by HELENA DE KAY, from the French of ALFRED SENSIER. With a portrait of MILLET, and numerous illustrations from his works. One elegant volume, square Price $3.00. octavo. "His biography is so diversified, so different from our ordinary existence, that, if we had chosen to change the names, the book might have passed for a romance, the situations are so moving, the resignation is so incredible, and the action so varied. And yet the recital we have to make is but a true and faithful picture. We have invented nothing, imagined nothing."-Alfred Sensier. Records of the Late William M. Hunt. By HENRY C. ANGELL, M. D. One vol., small quarto. With illustrations from Hunt's pictures. $1.50. Reprinted from the Atlantic Monthly, with revisions and additions, and forming an admirable history of the foremost American artist of late years. Very charming anecdotes, and a rich collection of studio-talk and aphorisms on art and painting in Paris and Boston. Eminent English Liberals. By J. MORRISON DAVIDSON. 12mo. $1.50. A series of sketches of the leaders of English thought and policy, both in and out of Parliament, prepared by a professional man of London, and received with great favor by the scholars and publicists of the United Kingdom. The Trip to England. By WILLIAM WINTER. One vol., 16mo. With full-page illustrations by JOSEPH JEFFERSON. Price $2.00. The Atlantic Monthly says of the first edition of this book: "There is to us a peculiarly agreeable flavor in Mr. Winter's little book about England. What always breathes from his page is a loyal and manly love of English places, English manners, and English men. He belongs to the traditions of Irving, who took England and its inhabitants both to his heart. The literature of the little book is as sweet and pure as its spirit is sincere.' Harting's Extinct British Animals. One vol. 8vo. Illustrated by WOOLF, the animal-painter. Price $5.00. Published by arrangement with the English publishers. Sketches and Reminiscences of the Radical Club. One vol., 12mo. With full-page illustrations. Price $2.00. A work of over 400 pages, prepared under the direction of Mrs. JOHN T. SARGENT, and containing choice gleanings from the discussions and conversations on philosophy, religion, and literature which have been held at the Chestnutstreet Radical Club by many of the foremost thinkers of America. The words of Bartol, Weiss, Everett, Emerson, Channing, Frothingham, Hedge, Fiske, Alcott, James, Cranch, Higginson, and other leaders in religious and philosophical thought. Reminiscences of a Journalist. By CHARLES T. CONGDON. One vol., 12mo. With A brilliant series of papers recently published in the New York Sunday Tribune, and since then carefully revised and enlarged. Memories of fifty years of a publicist's life, in New England and New York. The Dorr Rebellion, the Transcendentalists, the rise of Anti-Slavery, the Kansas troubles; Episodes in the lives of Channing, the elder Adamses, Pierpont, Greeley, Sumner, Seward, Emerson, Everett, Choate, Webster, Bayard Taylor, etc. Self-Culture. By JAMES FREEMAN CLARKE. 12mo. Price $1.50. Introduction: 1. Man made to Grow; 2. Training of the Body; 3. Best Use of Time; 4. Self-Knowledge; 5. Education of the Organs of Observation; 6. Education of the Reflective Faculties; 7. The Intuitions; 8. Culture of the Imagination; 9. Education of the Conscience; 10. Education of the Affections; 11. Education of the Faculty of Reverence; 12. The Acquisition of Money as a Means of Education; 13. Education of the Temper; 14. Education by Books and Reading; 15. Education of Courage; 16. Doing Everything Thoroughly; 17. Education of the Will; 18. Education by Amusement; 19. Education of Hope; 20. Education of Each Man's Special Gift: 21. Education by the Love of Beauty; 22. Education by Seeking the Truth. "Twenty-two lectures full of the ripe experience, profound wisdom, broad views, and healthful religious spirit which makes Dr. Clarke one of the foremost men of his day."— Saturday Evening Gazette. IMPORTED LONDON EDITIONS. The Classical Poetry of the Japanese. BY BASIL HALL CHAMBERLAIN. One vol., 8vo. Beautifully bound, with gilt top. Price $3.00. **These books are for sale by all Book-sellers, or will be sent, post-paid, on receipt of price, by the Publishers, JAMES R. OSGOOD & CO. BOSTON. |