I. Value and Prospects of Life in the United States.-An Analysis of the va- rious United States Censuses, regarding the Ages of the Inhabitants, with a view to illustrate the Value and Prospects of Life in the different sections of the United States. By JOHN SPARE, M. D., of Massachusetts,........... 19 II. Progress of Railroads in Massachusetts. By E. HASKET DERBY, Esq., of IV. The Piracy of Captain Kidd. By Hon. HENRY C. MURPHY, of New York,. 39 V. Commercial Treaties Based on Reciprocity: with Reference to the Advan- tages of a Commercial Treaty between the United States and the German Zoll-Verein. By Professor J. L. TELLKAMPF, LL. D., of Columbia Col- VI. Franklin Institute of Pennsylvania. By JAMES H. LANMAN, Esq., author of EMBRACING A FINANCIAL AND COMMERCIAL REVIEW OF THE UNITED STATES, ETC., ILLUSTRATED WITH TABLES, ETC., AS FOLLOWS: State of the Commercial World-Effects of Short Crops in Europe on the Markets and Consumption-Evils of Unstable Legislation-The Proposed Reduction of the Tariff-The Sub-Treasury and the Currency-Leading Features of 192 Banks of the United States-Arrival of Flour at Tide-water, and Value in New York, from April to November-Flour and Wheat arrived at Tide-water, per Erie Ca- nal, from 1839 to 1845-Circulation of Free and Chartered Banks of New York State-Import of Goods into the United States under the operation of different Tariffs Exports for the last six years-Effects of Tariff and Currency on Trade Shipping of the Port of Boston, embracing the Names and Tonnage of all the Ships, Barks, Brigs, Schooners, Sloops, and Steamboats, registered, enrolled, licensed, and owned at the Port of Boston,..... Exports of Tea from China to the United States, in 1844-45,... List of United States, New York State, and New York City Stocks-amounts, price, Trade of Great Britain with France-Exports from Great Britain to France, and Commerce a theme for the Poet.......... Waterston's Poem before the Boston Mercantile Library Association,..... Commerce and Resources of Alabama,... History of Silk, Cotton, Linen, and Wool, etc.-Prescott's Miscellanies,... Holmes' Mozart-Parker's Aid to Composition-Hoffman's Poems,.................... Mahon's Prince of Conde-Hervey's Christmas Book-Alden's Washington,......... 107 Gilfillan's Literary Men, etc.-Frost's Colonies-Arnold's Sermons,... Frost's Book of Good Examples-Mass and Rubrics of the Catholic Church,................. Spring's Attractions of the Cross-Dorsey's Blenheim Forest,..... Willis' Complete Works-Shelley's Poetical Works-Norton's (Mrs.) Poems,.. Childs' (Mrs.) History of Women-Embury's (Mrs.) Love's Token Flowers,. Graham's United States-Stable Talk and Table Talk,.... Prime's Long Island-Street's Poems-Osgood's (Mrs.) Poems,................................ Cooper's Chainbearer-Norman's Mexico and Cuba--Gem of the Seasons,... Tupper's Poems-Maturin's Montezuma Romance,............. Pise's Zenosius-Arthur's Stories for Young Women,........ HUNT'S MERCHANTS' MAGAZINE. JANUARY, 1846. Art. I-VALUE AND PROSPECTS OF LIFE IN THE UNITED STATES. PART II. AN ANALYSIS OF THE VARIOUS UNITED STATES' CENSUSES, REGARDING THE AGES OF THE INHABITANTS WITH A VIEW TO ILLUSTRATE THE VALUE AND PROSPECTS OF LIFE IN THE DIFFERENT SECTIONS OF THE UNITED STATES. IN continuing the examination of the information to be derived from the United States' census of ages, concerning the duration and prospects of life in the various sections of the country, we proceed to present a table embracing every state, constructed on principles that have been alluded to. The male white population in infancy, or under 5, are put on an equality for each state, and those in the subsequent periods, bear by per centage on this number in infancy, which, for convenience, is assumed to be 100. Another table puts the number between 20 and 30 on an equality, and shows the per centage on this number, in four of the subsequent periods. Another table still, introduces equality in the number of inhabitants between 70 and 80; being a table from which extracts have already been presented. Some peculiarities will be noted almost corresponding to the latitudes of the states, in the successive diminutions of the proportions of persons in the successive periods of life. The census used is that of 1840. It will be seen that, among states, New Hampshire and Connecticut stand in the foremost rank, for filling up the middle and later stages of life, (the two very latest stages excepted,) and will rank by the side of Great Britain, preceding her in infancy, and falling behind in manhood. An order of succession in the arrangement of countries, states, and cities, in the three following tables, will be perceived in noticing the last column, except one, of the first table, and the last columns of the other two tables. It will be perceived, as a peculiar circumstance, that the countries of Great Britain and the New England states, are at the head of the first two tables, and at the foot of the last one. The last column of the first table gives the number of the males necessary to be taken in the several places to embrace just 100, under the age of 5 years. For cities, it will be perceived that those numbers are generally the largest, which shows that they are much indebted for their population to adult emigrants from the country. Had the first table been construeted in this manner for the census of 1830, instead of 1840, the differences would be immaterial; they would be such as might be inferred from the already proved truth, that the population of every part of the country has been becoming an older one. Such table having been prepared for 1830, shows that in 18 of 24 states, the ratio of all over 60 to those under 5, has increased; but no exception to the Western States. TABLE I.-(Explained in the context.) While No. r'present'd 50 to 60. 60 to 70. 70 to 80. 80 to 90. 90 to 100. Ov'r 100. All ov. 60. by the 100. 47.2 29.8 18.7 5.9 ,56 ,011 55.02 755 Connecticut, 100 91.5 90.8 88.0 137. 100, 70.2 47.9 30.1 17.7 5.4 ,48 ,042 53.83 780 Wales, 1821, 100 92.9 80.0 66.6 94.6 73.9 58.0 43.0 31.6 16.2 4.9 ,50 ,006 53.33 665 Stockholm, 1775, 100 86.2 96.1 90.0 216. 204, 136, 73.6 35.9 13.4 2.3 Sweden, 1775, 100 76.8 74.3 65.0 110. 94. 73,1 51.1 32.8 14.4 3.5 Scotland, 1821, 100 90.4 83.1 68.6 100. 73. 59.6 43.3 30.7 14.4 3.9 ,026 49.26 667 England, 1821, 100 87.3 76.0 64.2 95.5 75. 61.1 43.2 29.0 14.4 3.6 ,26 ,008 47.38 650 Vermont, 100 87.7 72.7 78.2 105. 80.9 58.9 44.8 25.1 14.4 4:1 ,060 44.03 673 |