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137.

Military and naval officers, 160.
Nativity, 162, 163.

Nature of relation, 156, 157.
Of origin,, 162, 163.

Owners of captured vessels, 373-
375.

Presumptions as to, 160, 161.
Private international law, 185–187.
Public officers, 159, 160.
Residence required, 158, 159.
Reversion of, 160, 162, 163.
Rules of, 158-162.
Subordinate persons, 160.
Wife, 161.

Droit d'angarie, 436, 437.
Droit d'aubaine, 152.
Droit de détraction, 152.

Duty of non-interference, 98, 99.

EFFECTS of a state of war, 282-286,
On belligerents, 282,

Citizens, 282-285, 288.

Enemy merchant ships, 284.
Neutrals, 281.
Property, 283-285.
Treaties, 285, 286.

Embargo, 266, 267.

Embassies (see Legation), 190-210.
Enemy property at sea (see Mari-
time Capture), 357-375, 384-
387.

Enemy property of land, see Mili-
tary Occupation.
Booty, 310, 311.
Classification, 306.
Contributions, 310.

Private, 306, 307, 312, 313.
Public, 306.

Requisitions, 308, 309.
Treatment, 283, 306–313.
Enforcement of treaty stipulations,
84, 85, 102.

Enlistment of troops in neutral ter-
ritory, 397-399.

Envoys extraordinary (see Minis-
ters), 195.

Equality of rights, 36.

Inequality of power and influence,
36.

Espionage (see Spies), 321, 322.
European concert, 108, 109.

Exchange of prisoners of war, 316-

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58, 387-390.

Effects on neutrality, 387-390.
Execution of foreign contracts, 185.
Exemptions from capture, 374, 570.
Exemptions from jurisdiction, see
Exterritoriality.

Ambassadors, 87, 88, 200, 211.
Armies in transit, 82-85.
Consuls, 216–218.

Diplomatic employés, 200, 211.
Merchant vessels, 70-74.
Ministers, 87, 88, 200-211.
Sovereigns, 85-87.

War vessels, 74-83, 88, 89.
Exequatur (see Consuls), 213.
Revocation of, 213, 214.
Withdrawal of, 213, 214.
Expatriation, 143–151.
Consent, 144-147.

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Extent of privilege, 74.

Foreign residents in Eastern coun-
tries, 88.

Legations, 87, 88, 200-210.
Maine, case of the, 77-80.

Ministers, 87, 88, 200-210.
Nature of privilege, 74.

Public armed vessel, 74-83, 89.
Sitka, case of the, 77.
Sovereigns, 85-87.
Troops, 83-85.
Extinction of states, 42.
Extraditable offences:

Character of, 175, 176.

Evidence as to, by what law de-
termined, 176.

Political offences, 177.
Extradition, 166–180.

Comity, surrender by, 167, 174.
Conditions of, 175-177.

Crimes committed abroad, 166,

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Extraditable offences, 174, 175.
Extra-territorial crimes, 168, 169.
Forums of trial, 177.

Interstate extradition, 178-180.
Methods of, 174.

Municipal laws, surrenders under,
174.

Political offenders not surrendered,
177.

Procedure in, 174.

Requests for, by whom made, 174,
175.

Robins case, 177, 178.
Rules of, 174-177.

Sufficiency of evidence, by what
law determined, 176.
Surrender of offenders, 175-177.
Treaties of, 174, 175, 177, 178.
Strictly construed, 174.
Extradition treaties, 174-178.
Citizens of surrendering state, 176,
177.

Conditions of extradition, 175-
178.

Construction of, 174.

Evidence as to offence, sufficiency
of, 176.

Extraditable offences, 174, 175.
Offences against surrendering state,

176.

Political offences, 177.

FIELD's rule (see Contraband), 454.
Fisheries, 57, 60, 61.

Coast, exemptions in time of war,
61, 374, 375, 570.
Freedom of, 57, 60, 61.

In high seas, 57, 60, 61.
Fishing-boats, exemption from capt-
ure, 374, 375, 570.

Flag of enemy, use of, prohibited on
land, 296, 297, 512.
Permitted at sea, 297.
Flag of Geneva Convention, 511.
Flags of protection, 552.
Flags of truce, 337-340, 552, 553.
Abuse of, 337.
Bearers, 337.

Communication by, 337.

Duty to receive, not absolute, 337.
Immunity of, 337-340, 578, 580.
Right to send, 337.
Treatment of, 337.

Florida, case of the, 428.

Forces employed in war, 288-295,
546.

At sea, 293-295, 561.
Guerillas, 292, 322.

Levée en masse, 290, 547.
Militia, 289, 290, 547.
On land, 289–293.

Partisans, 290.

Privateers, 294.

Purpose, 173, 174.

Requests for extradition,

made, 174, 175.

Restrictions on, 292, 293.

Regular troops, 289, 294.

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Savages, 292, 293.

Restriction on prosecution of of-
fender, 176.

Surrender of subjects, 176, 177.
United States treaties of, 177, 178.
Extra-territorial jurisdiction, 69-89.
Ambassadors, 87, 88.
Armies in transit, 83-85.
Consuls, 88.

Crimes in unoccupied territory, 70.
Extent, 69, 70.

Foreign residents in Oriental coun-
tries, 88.

Merchant vessels on high sens, 70,
71.

In foreign ports, 71-74.
Piracy, 61, 62.

Public armed vessels in foreign

ports, 74-83, 88, 89.

On high seas, 70, 74.

Sovereigns, 85-87.
Troops, 83-85.

Semi-civilized races, 291, 292.
Volunteers, 289–290.

Forcible measures of redress, 262-

270.

Embargo, 266, 267.

Justifiable, when, 263.
Limitation on, 263.

Pacific blockade, 267–270, 481.
Purpose, 263.

Reprisals, 264, 265.

Retorsion, 263, 264.
Right to resort to, 263.

Foreign enlistment acts (see Neu-
trality Laws), 432-434.
Foreign enlistments, 397-399, 557.
Foreign judgments (see Conflict of
Laws), 187, 188.

Conditions to be fulfilled, 187, 188.
Effect of, 187.

Enforcement of, 188.

Execution, 188.

Hearing, 187.

Jurisdiction of tribunal, 187.
Parties, 187.

Pleading of, in bar, 188.

Practice of states in respect to,
188.

Reciprocity in, 187, 188.
Subject matter, 187.
Why produced, 188.

Foreign laws (see Conflict of Laws),
185, 186.

Caste not recognized, 186.
Contracts, 185, 186.

Criminal laws not enforceable, 186.
Distinctions of rank, 186.

Penal laws not enforceable, 186.
Process, 186.

Property, real and personal, 186.
Slavery, 186.

Foreign residents in Oriental coun-
tries, 88.

Duty of, to observe local law, 96.
Protection of, 95-98.

Redress of wrongs suffered by,
95-98.

Fortified places, attack and defence
of, 301-303, 592, 566.

Defence of, 301-303.

Duty of commander, 301-303.
Surrender of, 302, 303.

France, neutrality laws of, 438.

Franconia, case of the, 56, 57.
Freedom of the sea, 57.

Free ships, free goods, 382, 383.

Friendship, case of the, 443.

Full power (see Ambassadors), 196.

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Geneva conventions (1864, 1906),
318, 319, 503-514.
Brassard, 511.

Character, 503-507.

History, 503.

Hospitals, 508, 511.
Hospital-ships, 566-570.
Maritime warfare, 566-570.
Neutrality of hospitals, 508-511.
Neutrality of hospital-ships, 566–
570.
Purpose, 505.
Red Cross, 511.

Sick, treatment of, 507-508.
Wounded, 507-508.

Good offices (see Mediation), 255,
259, 554, 555.
International agreement respect-
ing, 527-528.
Governments, 32-34.
Absolute, 33.

Aristocracies, 33.
Classification, 32.
Constitutional, 32, 33.
De facto, 34.

De jure, 34.

Democracies, 33.

Oligarchies, 33.
Powers of, 32.
Republics, 33.

Governors-General, visits and sa-
lutes, 134.

Great Britain:

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Arbitral agreement, 257-262, 532- Hospital-ships, neutralization in war,

542.

Automatic meetings, 590.

566-570.
Hostages, 366.

Bombardments by naval forces, Hostile expeditions (see Neutrality),

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Imposts, customs, exemption of am-
bassadors from, 209, 210.

Personal, exemption of aliens, 154.

Jurisdiction over ships on, 69-74. Impressment of seamen, 497–501.

Extent, 57.

Fishery in, 57, 60, 61.

Freedom of, 57.

Marine League, 54-56.

Navigation of, 57.

Piracy, 61, 62.

Ship canals, 62, 63.
Straits, 59, 60.

Submarine telegraph cables, 64, 65.
Historical monuments, protection in
war, 556.

History as a source of international
law, 19-30.

History of international law, 19-30.
Holy Alliance (see Monroe Doctrine),
IIO, III.

Honors (see Salutes, Visits), 124-
134.

Horsa, case of the (see Neutrality),

409.

Hospitals, see Geneva Conventions.
Distinctive flag, 511.

Immunity of, in war, 508.
Protection in war, 508-510.

Indefinite occupation, 335, 336.

Indelible allegiance, doctrine of, 144.
Independence of states, 36, 278, 279.
Recognition of, 278, 279.
Innocent passage, 59.

Inquiry, international commission
of, 258, 260, 529–532.
Authority, 529.
Composition, 529.
Decision, 532.

Effect of finding, 532.
Facts, findings of, 532.
Investigation, 530, 531.
Jurisdiction, 529.
Procedure, 529-531.
Purpose, 528.

Report, 531.

Instruments used in war, 298-301.
Balloons, 299.

Bar-shot, 299.

Chain-shot, 299.

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